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Available safe egress time is an important criterion to determine occupant safety in performance-based fire protection design of buildings. There are many factors affecting the calculation of available safe egress time, such as heat release rate, smoke toxicity and the geometry of the building. Heat release rate is the most critical factor. Due to the variation of fuel layout, initial ignition loc

The freely dissolved concentration (C-free) of pollutants is generally believed to be bioavailable and thus responsible for toxic effects. The C-free of organic weak acids and bases consists of a dissociated and a nondissociated fraction. By using chlorophenols as model compounds, a negligible-depletion extraction technique, equilibrium sampling through membranes (ESTM), was developed for the meas

Energy efficiency in the production and transportation of different kinds of biomass in Sweden has been analysed, as well as the change in energy efficiency in a transition from fossil-fuel-based to biomass-based systems. Net energy yields under current production conditions were found to be highest for short-rotation forest (Salix) and sugar beet (about 160 to 170 GJ ha-1 year-1), followed by ley

We present the analysis of a spectroscopic secondary eclipse of the hottest transiting exoplanet detected to date, KELT-9b, obtained with the Wide Field Camera 3 aboard the Hubble Space Telescope. We complement these data with literature information on stellar pulsations and Spitzer/Infrared Array Camera and Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite eclipse depths of this target to obtain a broadband

Staphylococcus aureus is the causative agent of several serious infectious diseases. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant S. aureus strains has resulted in significant treatment difficulties, intensifying the need for new antimicrobial agents. Toward this end, we have developed a novel chimeric bacteriophage (phage) lysin that is active against staphylococci, including methicillin-resistant S. au

The PICT method (pollution-induced community tolerance) can be used to assess whether changes in soil microbial response are due to heavy metal toxicity or not. Microbial community tolerance baseline levels can, however, also change due to variations in soil physicochemical properties. Thirty soil samples (0–20 cm), with geochemical baseline concentrations (GBCs) of heavy metals and from five diff

Background Patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have a high risk of developing colorectal cancer and dysplasia. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) has been suggested to have chemopreventive effects on the development of colorectal cancer and dysplasia but long-term data and larger trials are lacking. Aim To evaluate the effect of high dose (17-23 mg/kg/d

I takt med att skogsbränder blir vanligare och allvarligare till följd av klimatförändringarnas effekter, ökar behovet av effektiv riskhantering och förståelse för de bakomliggande faktorerna till uppkomst och spridning av skogsbränder. Denna rapport angriper riskhantering av skogsbränder ur två perspektiv – kvantitativt och kvalitativt. I huvudsak presenteras spatio-temporala modeller för intensiAs wildfires are becoming more frequent and severe due to the effects of climate change, there is a need for effective risk management and understanding of the drivers behind wildfire ignition and spread. This thesis tackles wildfire risk management from two angles- quantitatively and qualitatively. Primarily it presents spatio-temporal models of the wildfire ignition intensity and the size of bur

I detta arbete försöker vi reda ut vad det är som orsakar diffus damning på en industrianläggning i Landskrona, drivet av ett företag som heter Boliden Bergsöe. De spelar en viktig roll för miljön eftersom de återvinner bly-syra-batterier som finns i bilar och andra elektriska fordon. Tyvärr innebär hanteringen av bly att en del utsläpp av detta grundämne sker till den kringliggande miljön. Bly haBoliden Bergsöe operates a secondary lead smelter for recycling of lead-acid batteries, located in the industrial area of Landskrona. Measurements to monitor levels of airborne particles have been conducted in several locations in Landskrona since 1977. To increase the knowledge of diffuse dust emission sources at Boliden Bergsöe, airborne metal concentrations were measured in ambient air for eigh

Financial decisions that concerns us are not always made by ourselves. In real life, many situations arise when the decisions are taken for us by a third person. Examples of this are when policy makers decide for us and when brokers handle our investments. Others are estimating the risks for us and makes financial decisions from their perception of the situation and perhaps their own risk preferen

Den mer än 700 m mäktiga lagerföljden på Gotland är erosionsresterna av vidsträckta karbonatplattformar som bildades i den Baltiska bassängen under silurperioden. Detta arbete fokuserar på stratigrafin och bergarterna i borrkärnan Tallbacken-1 som togs upp vid Stora Vede av Sveriges geologiska undersökning år 2006. Analys av kalkstenens mikrofacies tillsammans med analys av geofysiska data (gamma The more than 700 m thick carbonate succession of Gotland represents the erosional remnants of a vast carbonate platform system that formed in the Baltic basin during the Silurian Period. This thesis focuses on the stratigraphy and carbonate microfacies of the Tallbacken-1 core that was drilled at Stora Vede by the Swedish Geological Survey in 2006. Carbonate microfacies analysis of the core along

Många vattenkraftverk i Sverige är uppbyggda med dammar som är designade för att läcka en viss mängd vatten baserat på materialet de är byggda med. Flödet av läckagevattnet mäts för att säkerställa dammens funktion, men vid många kraftverksdammar är mätbrunnarna och dräneringsrör fyllda med en rödbrun sörja som kallas rödslam. Rödslammet gör det omöjligt att mäta flödet korrekt, och kan i värsta fMany hydroelectric plants in Sweden are built using dams that are designed to leak a certain amount of water based on the material they are built with. The flow of the leakage water is measured to ensure proper function of the dams, but at several dams the measuring wells and drainage pipes are clogged with a red-brown sludge called Iron Ochre. The build-up of iron ochre is caused by specific bact

Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning: Återfyllning av energibrunnar har tidigare inte varit aktuellt i någon större grad. De senaste åren har det höjts röster från ett fåtal kommuner om att installationen av dessa system kan skapa en potentiell föroreningsspridning. Trots att installationerna i verkligheten skapat få fall där problem uppstått, fortsätter vissa kommuner att sätta restriktioner mot öpGrouting of energy wells has previously not been a big issue. A few years ago, voices were raised from a couple of towns stating that the installation of these systems could potentially create a spreading of impurities. When in reality, very few of these systems creates problems, some towns keeps putting restrictions against open boreholes. This creates a situation where grouting becomes more comm

A broad study of ways to increase energy efficiency in an automatic sliding door. The study was made up of several distinct phases. A research phase where traffic data was gathered, a modelling phase where the gathered data was used to create a traffic model, a test phase where a physical test door was set up and programmed according to the model, and finally an analysis phase where the gathered t

This study aims to investigate and model statistical properties of Bitcoin and other major cryptocurrencies. There were recent drastic changes in the level of Bitcoin prices as it moved from $740 in 2014 to $19,187 in 2017, and down to $3,830 in 2018. The current study aims to fill the gap in the analysis of cryptoccurencies, primarily Bitcoin returns statistical process. Specifically, the study s

Denna uppsats undersöker beskattning av dispositionsrätt till egendom som ägs av företag, med särskilt fokus på fåmansföretag. Syftet är att klargöra under vilka omständigheter dispositionsrätten leder till inkomstbeskattning, skillnader mellan beskattning i inkomstslagen tjänst och näringsverksamhet samt hur skattskyldiga kan undvika beskattning. Studien har använt rättsdogmatisk metod för att anThis thesis examines the taxation of the right of disposal of company-owned property, with a particular focus on close companies. The purpose is to clarify the circumstances under which the right of disposal leads to income taxation, the differences in taxation between the categories of income from employment and business income, and how taxpayers can avoid such taxation. A legal dogmatic method h

Bakgrund: Dysfagi kan leda till allvarliga komplikationer såsom aspirationspneumoni och malnutrition som kan medföra högre mortalitet. Det är vanligt att logopeder rekommenderar förtjockningsmedel för att minska aspirationsrisken, men evidensen gällande att förtjockad dryck förebygger aspirationspneumoni är begränsad. Flera studier har visat att följsamheten till åtgärden är låg. Åtgärden kan dessBackground: Dysphagia related complications such as aspiration pneumonia and malnutrition can increase the risk of mortality. Speech and language pathologists (SLPs) commonly recommend thickeners to reduce the risk of aspiration, however the evidence regarding thickened liquids (TL) preventing aspiration pneumonia is limited. Several studies suggest that patient compliance is low. Moreover, the in

I det här arbetet har det undersökts hur maskininlärningstekniker kan användas för att optimera tekniker som används för att minska inter-cell interferens. Inter-cell interferens är ett fenomen som uppstår i de mobila nätverken eftersom basstationerna är uppdelade i olika celler där alla celler använder samma resurser när de sänder data till mobilanvändarna. Det kan då uppstå störningar hos mobilaOne way of meeting the increasing demand for higher data rates is by building denser cellular networks in order to maximize the use of the frequency spectrum. The denser deployment leads to an increased probability of inter-cell interference, the phenomenon where the signal quality experienced by a user served by a cell is lowered because of the transmission from neighboring cells in the network.

We review the factorization theorem for the production of a heavy color-neutral final state with a transverse momentum much smaller than its invariant mass in the framework of soft collinear effective field theory (SCET). This phase space region is plagued by large logarithms of widely separated scales, including large logarithms of rapidity ratios, that need to be resummed for sensible results. I