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Insulin sensitivity declines in overweight and obese individuals and, under normal conditions, insulin secretion adaptively increases which in healthy non-diabetic subjects maintains normal glycemia. This adaptation is best described by the disposition index derived from modeling of insulin and glucose data from an intravenous glucose tolerance testing (IVGTT). One caveat of the IVGTT is that basi

The purpose of this study was to identify if and how the personal perspectives and views of social workers active within local social services departments in Sweden might affect how they carry out the transfer of children’s custody from biological to foster parents. The general discourse in child welfare in Sweden gives predominance to a family preservation perspective in which foster care placeme

Advertisements use cultural symbols and myths that exist in society. When women are represented at work in advertisements it often illustrates their subordinate position to men. This illustrates the gender system: how men as a group have more power than women as a group. The concentration here is on TV-advertisement's representation of women in connection to work, power, and objectification. M

Allergic rhinitis is an inflammatory nasal disorder in which a range of different cells participates. A variety of approaches has been used to monitor nasal inflammation objectively to investigate disease processes and to evaluate the effect of therapeutic intervention. These approaches include nasal lavage, nasal cytology, and nasal biopsy, together with the more recently established measurement

Popular Abstract in Swedish Numeriska methoder har används för att beräkna turbulent strömning och värmeöverföring i komplexa kanaler med olika turbulens modeller.Th need for a reliable and reasonable accurate turbulence model without specific convergence problem for calculating duct flows in industrial applications has become more evident. In this study a general computational method has been developed for calculating turbulent quantities in any arbitrary three dimensional duct. Four different turbulence models for predicting the turbulent Reynolds stresse

The c. 4 km long artificial island Peberholm was constructed in 1995–1999 as a land-bridge between the tunnel and the bridge that was then built for the highway and railway across the strait of Öresund between Copenhagen (Denmark) and Malmö (Sweden). The island was mainly constructed from calcareous clay mixed with sand dug up from the bottom of the strait, but some stone and sand filling was tran

Methods: A randomized, double-blind, active-comparator study of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled (HbA1c 6.5-8.5%) by metformin monotherapy. Patients received vildagliptin (50 mg twice daily) or glimepiride (up to 6 mg/day) added to metformin. Results: In all, 3118 patients were randomized (vildagliptin, n = 1562; glimepiride, n = 1556). From similar baseline values (7

Background: Treatment adaptation based on tumour biomarker response during radiotherapy of prostate cancer, could be used for both escalation and de-escalation of radiation doses and volumes. To execute an adaptation involving extension of treatment volumes during radiation can however be restricted by the doses already delivered. The aim of this work was to develop a treatment planning method tha

Popular Abstract in Swedish Ämnen som har stor löslighet i vatten kallas i regel för "hydrofila", vilket betyder "vattenälskare". Exempel på sådana ämnen är socker, koksalt, ättika och etanol. Dessa ämnen består av små molekyler. Det finns emellertid även ämnen som består av stora molekyler och som också har stor löslighet i vatten, t. ex. gelatin, stärkelse och agar. En annan grupp av ämnen har lThe partitioning behaviour of different types of molecules in thermoseparating two-phase systems has been studied. A thermoseparating two phase system was formed by heating a water solution, which contained a thermoseparating polymer, above the cloud point temperature. The thermoseparating polymers studied were: random copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide (EOPO-polymers), and ethyl(hyd

Field-growing silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) clones (clone 4 and 80) were exposed to elevated CO2 and O-3 in open-top chambers for three consecutive growing seasons (1999-2001). At the beginning of the OTC experiment, all trees were 7 years old. We studied the single and interaction effects of CO2 and O-3 on silver birch below-ground carbon pools (i.e. effects on fine roots and mycorrhizas, so

The Lund-Potsdam-Jena Dynamic Global Vegetation Model (LPJ) combines process-based, large-scale representations of terrestrial vegetation dynamics and land-atmosphere carbon and water exchanges in a modular framework. Features include feedback through canopy conductance between photosynthesis and transpiration and interactive coupling between these 'fast' processes and other ecosystem processes in

The existence and mode of selection operating on heritable adaptive traits can be inferred by comparing population differentiation in neutral genetic variation between populations (often using F-ST values) with the corresponding estimates for adaptive traits. Such comparisons indicate if selection acts in a diversifying way between populations, in which case differentiation in selected traits is e

Ethical issues in modern obstetrics commonly relate to a conflict between the rights and possibilities of the fetus versus those of the mother. After delivery, when the fetus by definition is a child, all legal rights are granted to this new individual. Whether any rights should be given or offered to the fetus is dependent on the prevailing situation. General rules are difficult to give due to th

Background. During the past decade, experimental studies have provided convincing evidence that microcirculatory dysfunction plays a pivotal role in the manifestation of tissue injury in ischemia-reperfusion and osteomyocutaneous flap transfer. The study of the mechanisms of injury, however, requires sophisticated experimental in vivo models. With the use of microsurgical techniques, osteomyocutan

Popular Abstract in Swedish Detta projekt fokuserar på hur man på bästa sätt bestämmer kloridprofiler i marina betongkonstruktioner. När borrmjöl från provtagning på marina betongkonstruktioner analyseras, är det inte ovanligt att de olika kloridprofilerna varierar oerhört mycket även om provtagningspunkterna ligger mycket nära varandra inom ett område med till synes homogen betong. Syftet med proThis project focuses on how to determine the chloride content in concrete structures exposed to marine environment in an accurate way. When analyzing dust from dry drilling in concrete, it is very often a fact that the chloride profiles show extensive variations even if the sampling has been performed within a very concentrated area with the sampling points close to each other. Several authors hav

Based on a literature review and the SSG experience, the most important prognostic factors in high-grade osteosarcoma appear to be the presence of detectable metastases at diagnosis, tumour volume, old age, sex, histologic response, and possibly tumoral P-glycoprotein expression. However, for an adolescent patient with non-metastatic extremity disease, there is no consensus regarding prognostic fa

The drought of 2003 was exceptionally severe in many regions of Europe, both in duration and in intensity. In some areas, especially in Germany and France, it was the strongest drought for the last 50 years, lasting for more than 6 months. We used continuous carbon and water flux measurements at 12 European monitoring sites covering various forest ecosystem types and a large climatic range in ord

Background. Plasma markers for intestinal ischemia have not proven to be accurate. The value of L-lactate is unclear. Experimental models based on open surgery confound the effects of surgical trauma with that of ischemia. The aim was to create an endovascular model for acute superior mesenteric artery thromboembolism, and then to study L-lactate and lactate dehydrogenase (LD) activity in plasma a