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The paper introduces the philosophy and current status of a benchmark for the evaluation of control strategies in wastewater treatment plants and also the forthcoming developments and future perspectives. The work has been carried out within the framework of two COST Actions (682 and 624) and in close collaboration with the IWA Task Group on Respirometry. The benchmark is a platform-independent si
Aim: Does metabolic control improve in children with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), when modifying the quality of carbohydrates by introducing low glycaemic index (GI) foods? Methods: The inclusion criteria for the study was children with diabetes mellitus type 1, age from 7 to 11 years old, they should have a moderate glucose control with HbA1c between 7,5 to 8,5 and no allergy to ce
AIM: Antiplatelet therapy in order to reduce the platelet aggregability is widely used to prevent recurrent stroke events. Data from several studies indicates that the inter-individual variation concerning the ability of standard doses of aspirin to inhibit platelet aggregation is substantial. The rationale of the present study was to test whether platelet aggregation in whole blood was enhanced i
Background: Extravasation and luminal entry of plasma occurs continuously in the nose. This process is markedly facilitated in patients with symptomatic allergic rhinitis, resulting in an increased secretion of proteins. Identification of these proteins is an important step in the understanding of the pathological mechanisms in allergic diseases. DNA microarrays have recently made it possible to c
OBJECTIVE: This study explored the usefulness of cluster analysis in identifying food choice patterns of three groups of adults in relation to their energy intake. DESIGN: Food frequency data were converted to percentage of total energy from 38 food groups and entered into a cluster analysis procedure. Subjects in the emerging food group patterns were compared in terms of weight status, demographi
The purpose of this study was to help lay the foundation for further development of xylose-fermenting Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast strains through an approach that combined metabolic engineering and random mutagenesis in a recombinant haploid strain that overexpressed only two genes of the xylose pathway. Previously, S. cerevisiae strains, overexpressing heterologous genes encoding xylose reduct
The Swedish cue word men ‘but’ can mark the boundary between both different topic units as well as topic-internal units in spontaneous speech. The goal of this study is to see if these two functions of men can be distinguished on the basis of their local prosodic correlates and co-occurring lexical items. Men-tokens in spontaneous narrations were labelled as to their function, first using text-onl
Gold nanoparticles (5 nm and 20 nm) have been synthesized and stabilized with mercaptoundecanol. These particles, although insoluble in water or common organic solvents, spread as a thin film at the liquid-liquid interface between a water phase and an organic phase. Films of these gold nanoparticles have been observed both by conventional transmission electron microscopy of deposited samples and b
Silene hifacensis is a narrowly endemic plant, restricted to a few small populations on limestone cliffs in the Spanish province of Alicante and on the Balearic island of Ibiza. The species was collected to extinction in its original mainland location by the early 20th century. Attempts have been made to reintroduce S. hifacensis to this area but conservation efforts are limited by a lack of infor
The effect of some amphipilic diblock-copolymers and comb-polymers on a balanced Winsor III microemulsion system is investigated with the quaternary system n-octyl-beta-D-glucoside/1-octanol/n-octane/D2O as basis system. The diblock-copolymers are polyethyleneoxide-co-polydodecenoxide (PEOx PEDODOy ) and polyethyleneoxide-co-polybutyleneoxide (PEO (x) PEBU (y) ), constituted of a straight chain hy
Frequency Measures in AF. Introduction: Frequency analysis of fibrillation (FAF) and time-frequency analysis (TFA) were developed recently in order to quantify atrial electrical remodeling in atrial fibrillation (AF) from the surface ECG. This article describes the experience with these two different frequency analysis techniques in consecutive AF patients and discusses possible applications in AF
This paper explores methods to study trust. In a variety of settings, answers to survey questions and choices in a trust game are obtained from student sample pools. Some subjects are approached by mail and execute their task at home whereas others participate in classroom experiments. No differences between the results obtained by these methods are observed. Furthermore, one additional group play
This study compared the toxic effects of adding chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), and cadmium (Cd) at three dose levels to mor layer samples in laboratory experiments. Microbial activity in the form of soil respiration was monitored for 64 days. At the end of the experimental period, the composition of the soil microbial community structure was analysed by phosphol
Animal eyes that are primarily used under low-light conditions usually have optical systems of short depth of focus, such that chromatic defocus may lead to considerable blurring of the images. In some vertebrates, the problem is solved by multifocal lenses having concentric zones of different focal lengths, each of which focuses a different relevant spectral range onto the retina. A partially con
A virtual linear accelerator is implemented into a commercial pencil-beam-based treatment planning system (TPS) with the purpose of investigating the possibility of verifying the system using a Monte Carlo method. The characterization set for the TPS includes depth doses, profiles and output factors, which is generated by Monte Carlo simulations. The advantage of this method over conventional meas
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common movement disorder. The neuropathology is characterized by the loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Transplants of fetal/embryonic midbrain tissue have exhibited some beneficial clinical effects in open-label trials. Neural grafting has, however, not become a standard treatment for several reasons. First, the supply of donor cel
