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There are accelerating trends for the implementation of electronic commerce(e-commerce) as an extra marketing channel for selling products globally via the access of the Internet. This is expected to in¯uence the shape of future cities and the conservation of natural resources. This paper critically reviews the current research work to date regarding the environmental implications of e-commerce. T

BACKGROUND: Consumption of soluble dietary fibre is correlated with decreased postprandial glucose and insulin responses and hence has beneficial effects on the metabolic syndrome. AIM OF THE STUDY: To investigate the effects on postprandial glucose, insulin and triglyceride concentrations of meals enriched with soluble dietary fibres from oats, rye bran, sugar beet fibre or a mixture of these thr

Although glycogen storage disease type 0 (GSD0) is included in the differential diagnosis of ketotic hypoglycemia, it usually is not considered in the evaluation of glucosuria or hyperglycemia. We describe two children with GSD0, confirmed by mutation analysis, who had glucosuria and hyperglycemia. Because of the variable presentation of this disorder and previous dependence on liver biopsy to con

A new breath alcohol (ethanol) analyzer has been developed, which allows free exhalation, standardizes measured exhaled alcohol concentration to fully saturated water vapor at a body temperature of 37 degrees C (43.95 mg/L) and includes a built-in self-calibration system. We evaluated the performance of this instrument by comparing standardized alcohol concentration in freely expired breath (BrAC)

Trans-generational transfer of non-genetic, maternal resources such as hormones can have a substantial influence on offspring phenotype in many vertebrate species. In birds, maternal androgens enhance both growth and competitive behaviour, but also suppress the immune system. It has been hypothesised that high levels of egg androgens could also influence the prooxidant-antioxidant balance through

We have used positron annihilation spectroscopy and infrared absorption measurements to study the Ga sublattice defects in epitaxial Ga1-xMnxAs with Mn content varying from 0% to 5%. We show that the Ga vacancy concentration decreases and As antisite concentration increases with increasing Mn content. This is in agreement with thermodynamical considerations for the electronic part of the formation

Aims: We investigated whether polymorph isms in candidate genes involved in lipid metabolism and type 2 diabetes are related to liver I, at content. Methods: Liver fat content was measured using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-1-MRS) in 302 Finns, in whom single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4). acliponectin receptors 1 and 2 (ADIP

Polyproline type II stretches are somewhat rare on proteins. The backbone of this secondary structural element folds to a triangular form instead of the normal alpha -helix with 3.6 residues per turn. It is a very challenging task to try to detect them computationally from protein sequence. Here, we have studied the preprocessing phase in particular, which is important for any machine learning met

Linear models reach their limitations in applications with nonlinearities in the data. In this paper new empirical evidence is provided on the relative Euro inflation forecasting performance of linear and non-linear models. The well established and widely used univariate ARIMA and multivariate VAR models are used as linear forecasting models whereas neural networks (NN) are used as non-linear fore

Observations of active-layer thickness from nine sites with up to 29 years of gridded measurements located in the Tornetrask region, northernmost Sweden, were examined in relation to climatic trends. Mean annual air temperatures in this area have warmed and recently rose above 0 degrees C. Active layers at all sites have become thicker, at rates ranging from 0.7 to 1.3 cm per year. This trend has

Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed in 51 patients with sarcoidosis and in 21 healthy nonsmokers. The concentration of fibronectin was significantly higher (p less than 0.001) in lavage fluid from sarcoid patients (median 267 micrograms.l-1) than in that of controls (46 micrograms.l-1). Furthermore, a significantly higher concentration of fibronectin was found in patients with active disease than

The behavior of poly-gamma-methyl-L-glutamate (pMeE) at the air-water interface has been studied with the surface film balance technique. In addition, Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of pMeE deposited on mica and quartz have been studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and circular and linear dichroism (CD and LD) spectroscopy. Depending on the spreading solvent, pMeE displays strikingly different c