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Geografisk informationsbehandling baseras på insamling, lagring, analys och visualisering av geografiska data. Denna indelning utgör också grunden för bokens disposition. Boken är i första hand avsedd för introducerande kurser vid universitet och högskolor men vissa delar är lämpliga även på avancerad nivå. Den är också utmärkt för yrkesverksamma inom GIS som vill öka sina teoretiska kunskaper. Bo
Questions: To what extent does the long-term process of grassland succession reflect changes in nutrient availability or other effects of grassland history? Plant communities in ancient, semi-natural pastures include many species associated with nutrient-poor soils. However, semi-natural pasture communities can also develop on previously arable sites — as nutrient levels decline over time. In Euro
Many earlier works were devoted to the study of the breakdown of superconductivity in type-II superconducting bounded planar domains, submitted to smooth magnetic fields. In the present contribution, we consider a new situation where the applied magnetic field is piecewise-constant, and the discontinuity jump occurs along a smooth curve meeting the boundary transversely. To handle this situation,
We consider normalized Boolean circuits that use binary operations of disjunction and conjunction, and unary negation, with the restriction that negation can be only applied to input variables. We derive a lower bound trade-off between the size of normalized Boolean circuits computing Boolean semi-disjoint bilinear forms and their conjunction-depth (i.e., the maximum number of and-gates on a direc
This essay raises the question whether citizens in the digital age can learn from how credibility is treated in international negotiations. Negotiators face problems both in attempting to send credible signals and in making credibility assessments of received signals. Several studies, starting with Schelling's seminal analysis of commitments, indicate that credible signals are those that are someh
Background: Ultrahigh-field (UHF) MRI advances towards clinical use. Patient compliance is generally high, but few large-scale studies have investigated the effects experienced in 7T MRI systems, especially considering peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) and caregiving. Purpose: To evaluate the quantity, the intensity, and subjective experiences from short-term effects, focusing on the levels of co
Background: It is well known that a severe cell injury after exposure to ionizing radiation is the induction of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). After exposure, an early response to DSBs is the phosphorylation of the histone H2AX molecule regions adjacent to the DSBs, referred to as γ-H2AX foci. The γ-H2AX assay after external exposure is a good tool for investigating the link between the absorbed
Control charts have typically been constructed using estimators obtained under assumptions of data independence and a given distribution of data. Here, I deal with cases in which neither of these conditions are satisfied. In particular, I consider the case of data obtained from a first-order autoregressive (AR(1)) time series model that have been contaminated by outlying process observations. I fi
This thesis explores the possibilities of using quantum dots (QDs) in nanoscale energy har- vesters converting heat into electrical energy, i.e. heat engines. From a theory perspective, these possibilities have been investigated for almost two decades, and interest in them seem to continuously increase over time. However, a high degree of experimental control over the manufacturing and operation o
Providing both a theoretical background and practical examples of natural resource conflict, this volume explores the pressures on natural resources leading to scarcity and conflict. It is shown that the causes and driving forces behind natural resource conflicts are diverse, complex and often interlinked, including global economic growth, exploding consumption, poor governance, poverty, unequal a
Oscillations are a naturally occurring phenomenon in highly interconnected dynamical systems. However, it is thought that excessive synchronized oscillations in brain circuits can be detrimental for many brain functions by disrupting neuronal information processing. Because synchronized basal ganglia oscillations are a hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD), it has been suggested that aberrant rhyth
Background: Guidelines recommend considering workload in interpretation of the systolic blood pressure (SBP) response to exercise, but reference values are lacking. Design: This was a retrospective, consecutive cohort study. Methods: From 12,976 subjects aged 18–85 years who performed a bicycle ergometer exercise test at one centre in Sweden during the years 2005–2016, we excluded those with preva
The superfluid tunneling model is applied to the calculation of ground-state–to–ground-state α decay in the even-even neutron-deficient Te-Ba nuclei. We show that there is a larger α-particle formation probability in nuclei of this region above 100Sn when compared to analogous nuclei above 208Pb. This is consistent with the expected systematic variation of the pair gap Δ as a function of mass numb
The dwarf dogwoods (subgenus Arctocrania) have been widely known to consist of three circumboreal species Cornus suecica, Cornus canadensis, and Cornus unalaschkensis. A fourth putative species was discovered from the northern Myanmar in 1937, but it had never been formally reported on. Here, we formally report the species on the basis of phylogenetic and morphological evidence and name it Cornus
Background To evaluate screening efficiency and suggest cut-offs for parent and child Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (MFQ) and the short version (SMFQ) in unselected help seeking child- and adolescent psychiatric outpatients for subgroups of 6-12 versus 13-17 year olds and boys versus girls. Method Eligible for inclusion were newly admitted outpatients age 6-17 years (n = 5908) in four Swedish ch
Background and objectives: The Mi(a+) GP(B-A-B) hybrid phenotypes occur with a prevalence of 2%–23% across Southeast Asia. While the s antigen is alleged to be altered, no evidence for specific variants is known. Screening using a monoclonal IgM anti-s mistyped six S‒s+ RBC units as S‒s‒. Further, alloanti-s was identified in an S+s+ patient. Our objective was to investigate the s antigen further.
