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Objectives: To compare budesonide, a locally acting glucocorticoid with minimal systemic exposure, with conventional glucocorticoid treatment and placebo in rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: A double blind, randomised, controlled trial over 12 weeks in 143 patients with active rheumatoid arthritis, comparing budesonide 3 mg daily, budesonide 9 mg daily, prednisolone 7.5 mg daily, and placebo. Particu

The differences in fuel consumption and exhaust emissions for residential areas with different street network designs were investigated. Five areas with three different designs, including a traditional grid network and designs feeding the traffic in from a surrounding street and from a centrally located street, were considered. Differences in total fuel consumption and amount of exhaust emissions

Searches for neutral Higgs bosons produced at LEP in association with Z bosons, in pairs and in the Yukawa process are presented in this paper. Higgs boson decays into b quarks, tau leptons, or other Higgs bosons are considered, giving rise to four-b, four-b+jets, six-b and four-tau final states, as well as mixed modes with b quarks and tau leptons. The whole mass domain kinematically accessible a

In this paper, a novel set of V-dipole basis functions is introduced. These basis functions are used to approximate the induced surface current density on an infinite, plane frequency selective surface (FSS). The elements of the FSS are supposed to consist of straight sections and bends. Two groups of elements which the present V-dipole basis functions can be applied to are identified, namely, the

Background: Monitoring of the allergen sensitivity of a patient is most important for optimal patient care and a basic prerequisite for immunomodulating treatment. The objective of this study was to investigate how basophil allergen sensitivity can be applied in the monitoring of anti-immunoglobulin E (IgE) treatment. Methods: Basophils from timothy grass pollen allergic patients were, by flow cyt

Läsarfrågor. Experterna svarar. Vad var fältsjukan, som grasserade i äldre tiders arméer?

An altered mineral metabolism has been described both in insulin dependent and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. In order to investigate if a disturbed mineral homeostasis was an early feature in the development of diabetes, 52 middle-aged men who all had recently developed an impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) were compared to healthy control persons. The IGT subjects showed higher levels of

Poly(styrene-graft-ethylene oxide), having alkyl chains (C-12 or C-18) on the polystyrene main chain or on the poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) side chains, were synthesized. The main chain was alkylated by first ionizing amide groups in a styrene/acrylamide copolymer with tert-butoxide, and then using the amide anions as sites for reactions with 1-bromoalkanes. An excess of amide anions was used in the

Photoinduced dynamics of novel p- and n-type organic semiconductors with an anthracene unit are theoretically investigated with quantum chemistry methods. The calculated vertical absorption and fluorescence frequencies of them are consistent with the experimental data. The changing tendencies of the dihedral angles between anthracene unit and trifluoromethylphenyl (or thiophene) in the photoinduce

Blood pressure (BP) and development of hypertension (HT) are determined by both genetic and environmental factors. The specific genetic etiology of these two entities has remained enigmatic despite large efforts. In addition, daily salt intake seems to predispose for certain individuals to develop HT. The aims of the present study were to: (i) reveal where in the genome BP and early onset hyperten

Studies of birdmigration in the Beringia region of Alaska and eastern Siberia are of special interest for revealing the importance of bird migration between Eurasia and North America, for evaluating orientation principles used by the birds at polar latitudes and for understanding the evolutionary implications of intercontinental migratory connectivity among birds as well as their parasites. We use

The formation and growth of a crack in a body subjected to stress driven material dissolution is studied. The rate of material dissolution is proportional to strain energy and curvature of the body surface. The formation of a crack from a plane surface is preceded by an evolving surface roughness. The continued dissolution enhances roughness amplitude resulting in pit formation. As the pit grows d

A forager's gain curve, the cumulative number of prey harvested from a patch as a function of time spent in the patch, influences optimal patch departure rules and interpretations of patch use data. We describe models of five different search strategies that yield different gain curves. Hence they would influence a forager's decision for patch departure differently and, consequently, how researche

In this paper, the performance of a binary phase shift keyed random time-hopping impulse radio system with pulse-based polarity randomization is analyzed. The effects of interframe interference and multiple-access interference on the performance of a generic Rake receiver are investigated for asynchronous systems in frequency-selective environments. A key step is to model the asynchronous system a