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A major function of the kidney is to, by glomerular filtration, maintain the overall steady-state of 5–30 kDa proteins, many of which are signalling molecules. This function of the kidney has been overlooked, since predominantly low-molecular-mass substances <1 kDa have been used to measure or estimate glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The use of cystatin C (13 kDa) as a marker of GFR has allowed
The human-driven loss of biodiversity has numerous ecological, social, and economic impacts at the local and global levels, threatening important ecological functions and jeopardizing human well-being. In this perspective, we present an overview of how tropical defaunation—defined as the disappearance of fauna as a result of anthropogenic drivers such as hunting and habitat alteration in tropical
We analyze the eigenvalue problem for the semiclassical Dirac (or Zakharov–Shabat) operator on the real line with general analytic potential. We provide Bohr–Sommerfeld quantization conditions near energy levels where the potential exhibits the characteristics of a single or double bump function. From these conditions we infer that near energy levels where the potential (or rather its square) look
The intensive application of pesticides to increase crop production has resulted in contamination of the agricultural products. Due to their occurrence at trace levels and the complexity of food samples, analysis of pesticide residues requires selective and efficient sample preparation methods. For this purpose, an extraction method based on supercritical carbon dioxide and acetonitrile as entrain
In this commentary, we discuss perils of authentic leadership theory (ALT) in a modest effort to help weed out one theory that has gone amiss to pave the way for new ideas. We make an argument for why ALT is not only wrong in a harmless manner, but it may be outright perilous to leadership scholars, scholarship and those who believe in it. It may undermine academic work, delegitimize university in
High-performance polymer donors when paired with nonfullerene acceptors are mainly limited to flanking halogenated benzodithiophene (BDT)-based π-conjugated copolymers, which however involve complex synthetic procedures. Herein, a series of halogen-free polymer donors that link BDT moiety with two highly electron-deficient benzodithiophene-dione (BDD) and diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) units with vari
Ammonia (NH3) is an inorganic substance considered as a promising fuel for power sector decarbonization. As a result of the absence of carbon in its structure, ammonia is capable of producing energy with zero CO2 emissions when burned. However, the combustion of NH3 presents several challenges as a result of its low reactivity and low flame speed as well as the formation of large quantities of nit
Remnant extraterrestrial chrome spinels from terrestrial sediments provide information on how the mixture of meteoritic materials falling to Earth has changed over Earth’s history. The parent meteorite type of each grain can be identified by characteristic elemental and oxygen-isotope abundances. Some meteorite types can be difficult to classify because their chrome-spinel compositional ranges ove
Background: Endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) are ubiquitous substances that are found in our everyday lives, including pesticides, plasticizers, pharmaceutical agents, personal care products, and also in food products and food packaging. Increasing epidemiological evidence suggest that EDCs may affect the development or progression of breast cancer and consequently lead to lifelong harmful he
This study explores the emergence of a new entrepreneurship phenomenon (digital social entrepreneurship) as a result of the collaboration among many agents (N-Helix), given the government’s limited capacity to respond to the stakeholders’ needs satisfaction related to an exogenous event (e.g., the COVID-19 pandemic). Our theory development is based on three ongoing academic debates related to (a)
Objective: To compare 5-year change in femorotibial cartilage thickness in 121 young, active adults with an acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear randomized to a strategy of structured rehabilitation plus early ACL reconstruction (ACLR) or structured rehabilitation plus optional delayed ACLR. Design: 62 patients were randomized to early ACLR, 59 to optional delayed ACLR. Magnetic resonance i
In order to study the variation of vortices and heat transfer enhancement characteristics of piezoelectric vibrating cantilever in liquid-cooled channels, the effects of fluid density and viscosity, mainstream velocity, and excitation voltage on vortices were analyzed. The theoretical and numerical simulation of piezoelectric vortices was carried out by using fluid-solid coupling method. On the ba
This study investigated the idea that youth’s perceptions of the frequency of family political discussions and of parental political support mostly derive from their own political interest, a form of projection bias. Tests were performed of whether the same bias applies to parents, and whether youth’s and parents’ perceptions of political discussions and political support overlap to only a limited
Background: Caldicellulosiruptor kronotskyensis has gained interest for its ability to grow on various lignocellulosic biomass. The aim of this study was to investigate the growth profles of C. kronotskyensis in the presence of mixtures of glucose–xylose. Recently, we characterized a diauxic-like pattern for C. saccharolyticus on lignocellulosic sugar mixtures. In this study, we aimed to investiga
The core cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers amyloid beta (Aβ42 and Aβ40), total tau, and phosphorylated tau, have been extensively clinically validated, with very high diagnostic performance for AD, including the early phases of the disease. However, between-center differences in pre-analytical procedures may contribute to variability in measurements across laboratories.
We have developed a technique to measure low-power electromagnetic fields from mm-wave devices non-intrusively by combining a metasurface, designed to absorb power and focus the radiated power in a thermally isolated region, with an infrared camera. The metasurface consists of thermally isolated elements of low mass and highly emissive material for maximal IR conversion of the incident wave. The I
This is a report from the European Society of Gynaecological Oncology State-of-the-Art Virtual Meeting held December 14-16, 2020. The unique 3-day conference offered comprehensive state-of-the-art summaries on the major advances in the treatment of different types of gynecological cancers. Sessions opened with a case presentation followed by a keynote lecture and interactive debates with opinion l
Most of the studies on cutting mechanisms and surface integrity in turning are investigated with a straight tool path (longitudinal/end face turning) while few contributions have been done in curved surface turning. This work explores the evolutions of cutting force, chip morphology and surface integrity when turning a curved surface, using fillet surface machining of AISI 304 stainless steel. The
