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Variability on centennial to multi-centennial timescales is mentioned as a feature in reconstructions of the Holocene climate. As more long transient model simulations with complex climate models become available and efforts have been made to compile large proxy databases, there is now a unique opportunity to study multi-centennial variability with greater detail and a large amount of data than ea
The nucleolar surveillance pathway monitors nucleolar integrity and responds to nucleolar stress by mediating binding of ribosomal proteins to MDM2, resulting in p53 accumulation. Inappropriate pathway activation is implicated in the pathogenesis of ribosomopathies, while drugs selectively activating the pathway are in trials for cancer. Despite this, the molecular mechanism(s) regulating this pro
Objective To determine if plasma transfusions with male donor plasma to very preterm infants affect circulatory levels of sex steroids. Design and patients Retrospective multicentre cohort study in 19 infants born at gestational age <29 weeks requiring plasma transfusion during their first week of life. Setting Three neonatal intensive care units in Sweden. Main outcome measures Concentrations of
Background: Heart failure (HF) has been associated with psychosocial distress, but other long-term mental health sequelae are unclear. Objectives: In this study, the authors sought to determine risks of major depression and suicide, susceptible time periods, and sex-specific differences after HF diagnosis in a large population-based cohort. Methods: A national cohort study was conducted of all 154
This is a cartographic vertical analysis of a verdict by the Swedish Supreme Administrative Court, regarding the right to support from the Social Services (HFD 2017 ref. 33). The case concerned three children and their mother whom lacked formal residency. They applied for assistance under the Social Services Act and the municipality’s health and welfare committee rejected the application. Followin
Many animal behaviors require orientation and steering with respect to the environment. For insects, a key brain area involved in spatial orientation and navigation is the central complex. Activity in this neural circuit has been shown to track the insect’s current heading relative to its environment and has also been proposed to be the substrate of path inte-gration. However, it remains unclear h
aim: Approximately one in five patients with acute diverticulitis (AD) will experience a recurrence. This study aimed to investigate the factors at AD admission that correlate with recurrence and test the proposed risk of recurrence-score according to Sallinen et al. method: This retrospective study followed patients for five years who were admitted with operatively or computed tomography (CT)veri
Objective. This study proposes a novel technique for atrial fibrillatory waves (f-waves) extraction and investigates the performance of the proposed method comparing with different f-wave extraction methods. Approach. We propose a novel technique combining a periodic component analysis (PiCA) and echo state network (ESN) for f-waves extraction, denoted PiCA-ESN. PiCA-ESN benefits from the advantag
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) are recommended treatments of social anxiety disorder (SAD), and often combined, but their effects on monoaminergic signaling are not well understood. In this multi-tracer positron emission tomography (PET) study, 24 patients with SAD were randomized to treatment with escitalopram+ICBT or placebo
Objective To estimate the incidence of acute mesenteric ischaemia (AMI), proportions of its different forms and short-term and long-term mortality. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources MEDLINE (Ovid), Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library were searched until 26 July 2022. Eligibility criteria Studies reporting data on the incidence and outcomes of AMI in adult populations
Background: Unfractionated heparin (UFH) is frequently administered before percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Aims: The aim of the study was to investigate if pretreatment with UFH prior to arrival at the catheterisation laboratory affects coronary artery occlusion, mortality, and in-hospital major bleeding in patients with
Stephan’s Quintet (SQ, co-moving radial distance = 85 ± 6 Mpc, taken from the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED)1) is unique among compact groups of galaxies2–12. Observations have previously shown that interactions between multiple members, including a high-speed intruder galaxy currently colliding into the intragroup medium, have probably generated tidal debris in the form of multiple gaseou
BACKGROUND: Sorbitan sesquioleate (SSO) is a sorbitan fatty acid ester, an emulsifier used in topical products and certain patch test preparations. SSO may affect the patch test results. It has been debated whether to include the substance in the baseline series to avoid misinterpretation of the results.OBJECTIVES: To report the prevalence and simultaneous reactions of SSO with other patch test pr
PURPOSE: Opioid use disorder has caused significant morbidity and mortality resulting in opioid prescribing limiting laws, such as State Bill 273 in West Virginia. The purpose of this study is to explore the impacts of a restrictive opioid prescription law on physicians in medical practice in West Virginia. METHODS: A qualitative study with open-ended semistructured interviews with a purposive sam
The etiology of type 1 diabetes has polygenic and environmental determinants that lead to autoimmune responses against pancreatic β cells and promote β cell death. The autoimmunity is considered silent without metabolic consequences until late preclinical stages,and it remains unknown how early in the disease process the pancreatic β cell is compromised. To address this, we investigated preprandia
This paper highlights a current phenomenon reported from preschools placed in multilingual areas in Sweden, namely that some preschoolers with mutually different language backgrounds sometimes use English as lingua franca instead of Swedish during play. The data stems from a study of language environments in Swedish preschools situated in both monolingual and multilingual areas. The analyses revea
Background: Individuals with intellectual disability (ID) are less physically active, have a higher body mass index (BMI) and are at greater risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) than people without ID. The purpose of the study was to explore the effectiveness of a web-based training programme, consisting of 150 min of activity per week, on the health of people with ID. Method: Participants with
The crystal electric field (CEF) plays an essential role in defining the magnetic properties of 4f materials. It forces the charge density of 4f electrons and the related magnetic moment to be oriented along a certain direction in the crystal. The CEF and related magnetic properties were widely studied in the past with focus on bulk of 4f materials, while their surfaces have not received much atte
Adaptive biological mechanisms to hypoxia are crucial to maintain oxygen homeostasis, especially in the brain. Pericytes, cells uniquely positioned at the blood-brain interface, respond fast to hypoxia by expressing regulator of G-protein signalling 5 (RGS5), a negative regulator of G-protein-coupled receptors. RGS5 expression in pericytes is observed in pathological hypoxic environments (e.g. tum
Formal models for the safety validation of autonomous vehicles have become increasingly important. To this end, we present a safety framework for longitudinal automated driving. This framework allows calculating minimum safe inter-vehicular distances for arbitrary ego vehicle control policies. We use this framework to enhance the Responsibility-Sensitive Safety (RSS) model and models based on it,
