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Rates of drug abuse are higher among divorced individuals than among those who are married, but it is not clear whether divorce itself is a risk factor for drug abuse or whether the observed association is confounded by other factors. We examined the association between divorce and onset of drug abuse in a population-based Swedish cohort born during 1965-1975 (n = 651,092) using Cox proportional h
The Iron Curtain was not an impenetrable divide, and contacts between East and West took place regularly and on various levels throughout the Cold War. This book explores how the European tourist industry transcended the ideological fault lines and the communist states attracted an ever-increasing number of Western tourists. Based on extensive original research, it examines the ramifications of to
In 1945, when Europe emerged from the most devastating war the world has ever seen, a host of visionary tourism experts in Europe and the US realised tourism’s potential contribution to the reconstruction of the continent. The West European National Tourist Organisations created the European Travel Commission in 1948 to advocate the importance of tourism for prosperity and peace. More concretely,
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a common metabolic disease and its prevalence is increasing worldwide. Adipose tissue plays an important role in metabolic processes. Environmental factors may affect metabolic phenotypes and epigenetics may mediate this influence. We used Illumina 450k microarrays to study correlations between epigenetic patterns in human adipose tissue and environmental factors such as h
Newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) are at high risk of brain injury, with subsequent developmental problems including severe neuromotor, cognitive and behavioral impairment. Neural correlates of cognitive and behavioral impairment in neonatal HIE, in particular in infants who survive without severe neuromotor impairment, are poorly understood. It is reasonable to hypothesize that
Denna avhandling undersöker en brist på konsensus inom den svenska litteraturvetenskapliga forskningen gällande såväl dess objekts grundläggande egenskaper, som vilka teorier och metoder för att studera detta objekt som är mest giltiga. Från perspektivet av denna brist, föreställd som en epistemologisk ”kris”, utforskas här möjligheterna för att betrakta detta sakförhållande som produktivt av kuns
The microbial etiology and source of sepsis influence the inflammatory response. Therefore, the plasma levels of cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10), chemokines (CCL2/MCP-1, MIP-1β), heparin-binding protein (HBP), soluble CD14 (sCD14), and cortisol were analyzed in blood from septic patients obtained during the first 96 hours of intensive care unit hospitalization. The etiology was established in 56
AbstractOverweight and obesity are more common among adult people with mobility disability (MD). Epidemiological studies are sparse in Sweden when it comes to the prevalence of MD and weight, differences between people with MD compared to those without MD, as well as the association to HRQoL. In addition, general guidelines in obesity prevention and treatment adapted to people with MD are lacking
The early Cambrian Sirius Passet fauna of northernmost Greenland (Cambrian Series 2, Stage 3) contains exceptionally preserved soft tissues that provide an important window to early animal evolution, while the surrounding sediment holds critical data on the palaeodepositional water-column chemistry. The present study combines palaeontological data with a multiproxy geochemical approach based on sa
The relationships between polypeptide composition, sequence, structure and function have been puzzling biologists ever since first protein sequences were determined. Here, we study the statistics of occurrence of all possible pentapeptide sequences in known proteins. To compensate for the non-uniform distribution of individual amino acid residues in protein sequences, we investigate separately all
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has provided periodic assessments of the state of knowledge on climate change for 30 years. While these assessments have been central to the making of international climate policy, their relevance has been questioned in the post-Paris era. Can the IPCC's global kinds of knowledge match the demands of an increasingly decentralized and polycentric
Many individuals with prediabetes, as presently defined, will progress to diabetes (T2D) despite the considerable benefit of lifestyle modification. Therefore, it is paramount to screen individuals at increased risk with a more sensitive method capable of identifying prediabetes at an even earlier time point in the lengthy trajectory to T2D. This petition reviews findings demonstrating that the 1-
Studies have highlighted the existence of two intra-pancreatic axes of communication: one involved in the regulation of enzyme production by insulin—the insular–acinar axis; and another involved in the regulation of insulin release by pancreatic enzymes—the acini–insular axis. Previous studies by our laboratory show that pancreatic enzymes can affect blood glucose homeostasis and insulin secretion
