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Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna studie är ämnad åt att undersöka joniseringsprocessen i gaser, både teoretiskt och experimentellt. Arbetet är speciellt riktat mot att utöka förståelsen för detta fenomen i förbränningsrummet av en förbränningsmotor. Den intensiva joniseringsprocessen som uppstår till följd av den antändande gnistan har studerats såväl som den svagare joniseringsprocessen som är rThe processes that govern the formation, existence and consumption of ions in gases have been studied both experimentally and theoretically. The aim of the work is targeted at increasing the understanding of these phenomena in the working gases inside an engine. Both the cause and the application of ionized gases inside the cylinder of a spark ignited (SI) engine has been studied. The spark disch

The ellipsoidally symmetric extension of Buda-Lund hydrodynamic model is shown here to yield a natural description of the pseudorapidity dependence of the elliptic flow upsilon(2)(eta)), as determined recently by the PHOBOS experiment for Au + Au collisions at root(S)NN = 130 and 200 GeV. With the same set of parameters, the Buda-Lund model describes also the transverse momentum dependence of upsi

Xanthine derivatives are known to accelerate mucociliary transport in the lower airways, probably by preventing degradation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and thereby increasing its intracellular concentration. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of cAMP on mucociliary activity in the upper airways. The effect on the mucociliary activity in the rabbit maxillary sinus

Receptors for the neurotransmitter and neuroendocrine peptides, vasoactive intesinal peptide (VIP) and secretin, both belong to the Type B subfamily of G-protein-coupled receptors. This group is evolutionally as well as structurally distinct from the much larger Type A, or rhodopsin-type, subfamily. We have mapped the ligand-activating epitopes of the human VIP1 receptor by the use of hybrid recep

Three issues are considered in this report —are assimilation and coarticulation the same process or different, are they achieved by feature spreading or by coproduction, and what level or levels of neuromotor planning or production do they represent? Tongue gestures analysed from an X-ray motion film of Bulgarian speech are presented as examples of what the tongue is made to do in speech and of ho

A rapid and sensitive assay was developed for the detection of amphetamine in plasma and urine. The method relies on the principle of competitive ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). A flow microchip with a total volume of 7 µL was used for the development of a chemiluminescent ELISA technique. Solutions, samples, and the chemiluminescence substrate were injected by a flow system, and a phot

OBJECTIVE - To study cross-sectional associations of dietary fiber intake with insulin resistance, insulin secretion, and glucose tolerance in a population at high risk for type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - The subjects consisted of 248 male and 304 female adult nondiabetic relatives of patients with type 2 diabetes. Dietary intake was measured by means of two 3-day food records. Asso

To investigate whether rat hippocampal neurogenesis varies with strain and gender, the authors examined proliferating progenitor cells and their progeny in young male and female Sprague-Dawley (SD) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) using the thymidine analog bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) combined with immunohistochemistry for the neuronal marker Calbindin D28k and glial fibrillary acidic protei

Interviews with 75 teenagers and young adults were performed to investigate how young people with dyslexia experienced school in terms of well-being, educational achievement, self-esteem, peer relations and belief in their future. Results from earlier studies suggest that secondary emotional problems are common. The first six grades in school were experienced by the interviewees as full of distres

The dimeric nonprenylated acylphloroglucinol semimyrtucommulone (6) was obtained from the leaves of. myrtle (Myrtus communis) as a 2:1 mixture of two rotamers. The known trimeric phloroglucinol myrtucommulone A (1) was also isolated and characterized spectroscopically as a silylated cyclized derivative (5). Myrtucommulone A showed significant antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR

Calcareous soils are frequently characterized by the low bioavailability of plant nutrients. Consequently, many vascular plant species are unable to successfully colonize calcareous sites and the floristic composition of calcareous and acid silicate soils has been shown to differ markedly. The root exudation of oxalate and citrate has been suggested to play a pivotal role in same nutrient acquisit

The contribution of this paper is a time-frequency domain speech presence detection method that classifies power bins in the time-frequency domain as containing speech or not. An initial decision rule is based on ratios between optimally time-smoothed signal-plus-noise periodograms and weighted noise periodogram estimates, obtained from minimum statistics as proposed by Martin [1]. The initial dec

The high spin structures in Nb-86 are analyzed using the cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky model. Energy versus spin curves as well as deformations and electric transition quadrupole moments are considered. It is concluded that different single-particle parameters compared with the standard values lead to better agreement with recent experimental results.

gamma -carboxylated polypeptides were detected in the human kidney by immunohistochemistry with a monoclonal antibody (M3B) specific for gamma -carboxyglutamyl residues. An similar to 70-kDa gamma -carboxylated protein, subsequently identified as prothrombin, was isolated from the intracellular compartment of cultured human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells by immunoaffinity chromatography on M3B-co

High-grade gliomas are one of the most aggressive human tumors with <1% of patients surviving 5 years after surgery. Immunotherapy could offer a possibility to eradicate remnant tumor cells after conventional therapy. Experimental immunotherapy can induce partial cure of established intracerebral tumors in several rodent models. One reason for the limited therapeutic effects could be immunosuppres