BACKGROUND: First-in-human studies to test the efficacy and safety of human embryonic stem cells (hESC)-derived dopaminergic cells in the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) are imminent. Pre-clinical studies using hESC-derived dopamine neuron transplants in rat models have indicated that the benefits parallel those shown with fetal tissue but have thus far failed to consider how ongoing L-DOPA

While many projects have demonstrated the potential of single Nature-based Solutions (NbS) to contribute to urban climate change adaptation, the challenge now lies in moving from demonstration projects to a full-scale deployment. The aim of this research is to assess the potential for a full-scale implementation of NbS in Malmö (Sweden), and the expected benefits and co-benefits. We developed six

Single-atom catalysts (SACs) consist of a low coverage of isolated metal atoms dispersed on a metal substrate, called single-atom alloys (SAAs), or alternatively single metal atoms coordinated to oxygen atoms on an oxide support. We present the synthesis of a new type of Co1Cu SAC centers on a Cu2O(111) support by means of a site-selective atomic layer deposition technique. Isolated metallic Co at

The great development of the food industry in the last few years and the increase of the global food trade have highlighted the importance of developing reliable safety assessment and the establishment of strict directives in order to assure its correct performance and the security of consumers. In this sense, the application of nanotechnology has played an important role to carry out very sensiti

An implementation of a self-tuning regulator is described. The regulator algorithm consists of two steps. Firstly the parameters of a model of the process are estimated in real time using the method of least squares. Secondly a minimum variance regulator based on the estimated parameters is computed at each sampling interval. Implementation of the algorithm on a process computer is discussed. Ques

The motivation for this work has been to simplify the design of regulators for industrial processes. The regulators designed can be regarded as self-tuning regulators. They will serve as a substitute for the time-consuming process of plant experiments, parameter estimation and control design. The regulators can also be used as adaptive regulators for processes with slowly varying parameters. The p

While the twentieth century was dominated by private car usage, shifts towards more sustainable urban mobility, to mitigate environmental damage and increase health benefits, are now taking place. In Scandinavia, several car-free street experiments take form, that span from permanent car-free inner-city plans (i.e. Oslo) to temporary interventions (i.e. pop-up plaza and parklets) to shift the use

Diversification of cropping and farming systems is a central agroecological principle, which may improve resource use efficiency, reduce pests and diseases, diversify income sources, and enhance the resilience of the production. The main objective of this study was to identify challenges related to the sustainability of organic cropping systems that were diversified according to one or several of

Objectives: This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (methodology). The objectives are as follows:. To systematically review the current literature describing the development, content, and measurement properties of clinical rating scales for the assessment of pain in newborn infants.

Most adaptive controllers do not assume any a priori knowledge about the process to be cont rolled. In most situations there is, however, some knowledge about the process. This knowledge should be used to improve the performance compared to the “black box” approach of earlier adaptive controllersThe a priori knowledge is in this paper used in the estimation of the process and also in the design of

We study particle trapping driven by the axial primary radiation force (A-PRF) in shaped traps exposed to standing bulk acoustic waves (S-BAW) using numerical simulations and experiments. The utilization of the stronger A-PRF as the main retention force is a consequence of standing-wave formation along the flow direction, instead of the orthogonal direction as in the case of traditionally used lat

The pule placement design principle pruvides a good way of determining a closed loop system with desired properties. The method has been used in adaptive contexts for many years. A drawback of the method is, however, that the polynomial formulation mav lead to robustness problems because of the sensitivity with respect to the coefficients of the polynomials. Further, unless all process zeros are c

Preterm birth is associated with increased risk of complications, specifically with regards to the gastrointestinal tract. These complications mainly include the maldigestion and malabsorption of nutrients resulting from the immaturity of the small intestine. The current study investigated whether pre-digestion of fat in infant formula would affect the developmental remodeling of the structure of

Background: Gallstones affect women more frequently than men, and symptomatic gallstones are increasingly treated with surgical removal of the gallbladder (cholecystectomy). Breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancer share several risk factors with gallstones, including overweight, obesity, and exposure to female sex hormones. We intended to assess the association between chole-cystectomy and female

There are many things to consider when implementing an adaptive controller. The paper contains a discussion of some of these issues. When an adaptive controller is going to to work in an industrial environment it is of outmost importance that the designer has thought of all situations and combination of conditions that may occure. Special attention is given to the interaction between the controlle

The healthcare sector throughout the world is identified for its outsized carbon footprint. Despite the mounting importance of employees’ pro-environmental behavior (PEB) for decarboniza-tion, the role of PEB in a healthcare context was less emphasized previously, especially in a developing country context. To address this knowledge gap, the current work was carried out to examine the relationship

Background: HIV self-testing (HIVST) has been found to have high acceptability among men who have sex with men (MSM) internationally and might contribute to increase testing frequencies, but many countries, including Sweden, lack policies for using HIVST. Objective: To examine interest to use and willingness to pay for HIVST, and associated factors, among MSM attending HIV testing venues in Sweden

Ring signatures enable a signer to sign a message on behalf of a group anonymously, without revealing her identity. Similarly, threshold ring signatures allow several signers to sign the same message on behalf of a group; while the combined signature reveals that some threshold t of the group members signed the message, it does not leak anything else about the signers’ identities. Anonymity is a c

Fluctuating climate, heat, and drought are expected to considerably impact bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) quality in the coming years and, as wheat is an essential food element worldwide, this will have significant implications for future food security and the global economy. This leads to an urgent need for developing wheat varieties with stable yield and gluten quality. In this study, we invest

Background: Parents of young children are a vulnerable group with an increased risk of stress-related health problems compared to adults without children. Low occupational balance has been identified as a risk factor for stress-related disorders. Aim: The study aimed to describe occupational balance in parents of pre-school children and to explore potential differences between mothers and fathers.