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We study stochastic pairwise interaction network systems whereby a finite population of agents, identified with the nodes of a (directed) graph, update their states in response to both individual mutations and pairwise interactions with their neighbors. The considered class of systems includes the main epidemic models —such as the SIS, SIR, and SIRS models—, certain social dynamics models —such as

Background and purpose: Real-world data on management and outcomes of patients with simultaneously diagnosed synchronous colorectal liver and lung metastases are limited. This national study evaluated referral patterns, treatment strategies, and survival in a population-based cohort. Patient/material and methods: This retrospective cohort study used Swedish national registries to identify patients

Here, we present how small-angle scattering and neutron reflectometry can be combined with computer simulations to characterise the structure and response of soft, compressible microgels, both in dilute condition and in crowded environments. After introducing the concept of softness, we summarise the principles of these scattering methods and describe the numerical synthesis of microgels. Then, we

The construction industry is affected by several ongoing crises, derived from e.g. the climate emergency and geopolitical challenges. Thus, new thinking and novel business models are much needed. The major role of the construction industry in the climate energy and resource depletion calls for sustainable and circular business models specifically. Consequently, this study aims to develop a sustain

Corrosion of prestressing steel in post-tensioned (PT) cables is a critical issue in prestressed concrete bridges, often leading to brittle and unexpected failures. This deterioration is primarily attributed to construction flaws such as inadequate grout injection and the use of poor-quality mortar. This paper presents a probabilistic model for estimating the number and spatial distribution of gro

A growing empirical and theoretical literature has investigated to what extent socioeconomic inequalities are influenced by the outcomes and characteristics of ancestors prior to the parental generation. This paper contributes by examining multigenerational associations of earnings and occupational status in the entire Swedish population born 1968-1976, amounting to over 200,000 three-generation l

Optimization and electrical control of photovoltaic (PV) and proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer systems are critical for efficient, scalable hydrogen production. Static coupling methods employ fixed electrical interconnections between PV arrays and the PEM stack, which cannot adapt to fluctuating irradiance or temperature. To overcome this, we propose an adaptive reconfiguration optimizat

Electrostatic energy plays a pivotal role in the minimization of the free energy of self-assembling oppositely charged ions. This is a fundamental principle that guides the formation of aggregates and the separation of phases characterized by a stoichiometric balance between the opposite charges. However, this study unveils the self-assembly of catanionic nanotubes from a mixture of oppositely cha

The promise that AI tools will relieve teachers of tedious tasks and liberate time for more ‘valuable’ work with students has become a dominant narrative. However, the implementation of automated technologies raises questions around how human labour is implicated and situated in these processes. From the perspective of maintenance and repair studies we approach the often-hidden labour that teacher

Inhibition of several of the 10 hallmarks of cancer (Hanahan and Weinberg) would result in a broader and more durable treatment compared to current single or combination drug treatments. Galectin-1 and galectin-3 have been proposed to together be involved in all 10 hallmarks, suggesting that development of a combined galectin-1/3 inhibitor would be beneficial. Specificity toward galectin-1 or -3 c

Highlights: What are the main findings? A ~32-year aridity cycle is detected across China through Fourier spectrum analysis of 1950–2022 aridity data. An arid–humid climate divide is revealed by entropy-based climate stability indicators. Recent remote sensing data show a nationwide expansion of surface water bodies and localized groundwater recovery. What are the implications of the main findings

Background: Ipilimumab, a monoclonal antibody against cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), was the first approved checkpoint inhibitor; however, its use is hampered by treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs). ATOR-1015 is a bispecific antibody targeting CTLA-4 and OX40 designed to direct the effect to the tumor microenvironment and thereby improve the response rate and reduce TRA

Engineering risk assessment has traditionally focused on direct impacts to individual assets or systems. However, as society's most notable risks increasingly stem from complex, interdependent systems, conventional methods fail to capture the cascading consequences and deepening uncertainty. Addressing this gap requires developing or extending assessment methods. To guide such development and alig

The world faces a shared challenge in slowing climate change and mitigating its effects. As part of addressing this challenge, innovation is driving regulatory and non-regulatory building development, product advancement and research aimed at delivering a more sustainable built environment. However, the built environment also needs to be resilient to a wide range of hazards. Sustainability and res