Det proportionella valsättet bygger på tanken om en samförståndsmodell där olika intressen representeras efter sin storlek, att besluten växer fram efter förhandlingar och att man överbryggar klyftan mellan majoritet och minoritet. Det proportionella valsättet är således ett minoritetsskydd som tillförsäkrar även de mindre politiska partierna rätt till förtroendeposter och därmed makt och insyn.

Virusinfektioner och Diabetes? Diabetes kännetecknas av konstant förhöjt blodsocker. Sjukdomen ökar i lavinartade former och beskrivs som en av det moderna samhällets stora epidemier. Diabetes förekommer vanligtvis i två huvudsakliga former, typ1 och typ 2. I typ I-diabetes (T1D), som framförallt drabbar barn och ungdomar, har de insulinproducerande beta-cellerna förstörts av kroppens immunförsvType 1 Diabetes (T1D) is an immune-mediated disease where the pancreatic beta cells are selectively destroyed by autoreactive CD8+ T cells. However, the triggering events that eventually leads to autoreactive CD8 T cells infiltrating the pancreatic islets and, subsequently, destroying them still needs to be unveiled. Genetic and epidemiological evidence points to a substantial influence of environ

Map design research has strongly come into the agenda with the extensive use of GIS and maps in geoportals. Geoportals are used to find, access and display geographic data via the Internet. Novel opportunities and techniques for displaying geographic data in viewing services also introduce new challenges and issues in cartographic design. Specifically, thematic polygon layers (foreground) will obs

Prissattning av swing optioner inom elmarknaden Allmant om swing optioner inom elmarknaden I ett kontrakt for kop utav elektricitet ar det specicerat hur mycket som kommer att levereras och nar, och det gar oftast inte att andra pa. Om innehavaren av ett sadant kontrakt skulle vilja oka eller minska leveransen av elektricitet under perioden for kontraktet, behover den kopa eller salja elektricitetThe thesis deals with how to price swing options in the electricity market by using a least squares Monte Carlo method. This is a simulation method which uses a backwards moving algorithm where the optimal decision is calculated at every time step. Regression is used for the optimal decision and in this thesis both a polynomial regression and a cubic smoothing spline are used. They are both shown

I undersökningen ”Fokus på förskolläraruppdraget” har jag undersökt hur förskollärarna uppfatar sitt uppdrag samt hur de omsätter uppdraget i praktiken. Jag har även undersökt vilken påverkan kommunikationen har för förskollärare i deras uppdrag. Jag har avgränsat mig till att samtala med förskollärarna eftersom de har det yttersta pedagogiska an-svaret för verksamheten. Undersökningen är en kvali

This thesis considers quantitative tools for assessing concentration risks in credit portfolios that may underlie decision making in an active portfolio management setting. The study incorporates a literature review, which considers analytical and simulation based credit risk models in a Merton-type framework as well as aspects of credit portfolio management. The literature review is followed by a

Bushfire problem is a long-lasting problem which is a big threat and environmental problem in Australia. Planning to control bushfire is very important for Australian Environment. One of the most effective methods to fight bushfire disasters is planning for controlled burns in order to reduce the risk of unwanted bushfire events. Controlled burns management and planning has been always considered

The use of Islamic symbols in metal music has, until now, been a rare phenomenon. A few years ago, some black metal-bands in Istanbul started using Islamic symbols in both their artwork and lyrics, often in an anti-Islamic fashion. Although research on metal music is well established, little has been done on the relationship between black metal and Islam. This thesis explores the relationship betw

This paper investigates how the adaptation of the new regulations of Base III will affect the banking industry and how the theoretical framework around charter value hypothesis can explain these changes. The empirical study has been based on performance analysis of four major European banks with the purpose of identifying the impact of the new regulations on their finances. The data used for this

Enzymatic pretreatment of algae – by means of cellulose degrading enzyme – was evaluated through lab-scale and pilot-scale experiments. The degradation efficiency of the enzyme depended on the initial physical quality of the algae. Lab-scale batch anaerobic digestion experiments showed comparatively low methane potential for the pretreated algae at both mesophilic and thermophilic temperatures. Ho

Nowadays, urbanization is expanding over natural habitats, imposing changes on animal communities. Cities provide abundant supplementary food, but its nutritional are different from what birds can find in nature, for instance in the content of fatty acids (FAs). FAs fulfil important physiological functions, being essential in a multitude of processes throughout the life of animals. However, FAs ar

It is well-known that long memory and regime switching in the first moment of a stochastic process are easily confused. But the relation between long memory in the second moment and regime switching in the second moment is less well understood. We perform a simulation study in which we assess the possibility to distinguish the two properties in the case that data with long memory in the second mom

This master’s thesis project report deals with the design of multiplier for the reference signal to the Phase Locked Loop (PLL) used in WLAN application. The reference multiplier designed is based on a newly proposed architecture of dual loop feedback Delay Locked Loop (DLL) in which multiplication is performed within the loops. To lock the DLL, input signal is required to be delayed only for threKamal Kumar Gupta DLL Based Reference Multiplier for the use in a PLL for WLAN applications In modern wireless communication system, a frequency synthesizer/multiplier is one of the main building blocks of the system. For on-chip application, a frequency synthesizer is used as local oscillator (LO) to generate precise frequency from a single base frequency source, usually a crystal oscillator. Th

Till fots är en reflektion över vandringens betydelse för människor, och en vision för hur vandringen som andlig och kontemplativ handling kan introduceras i Malmö. Idag ökar intresset för pilgrimsvandring såväl som för vandring som friluftsaktivitet. Jag utgår ifrån att det ökande intresset är en del av en större rörelse i vårt samhälle: behovet av återhämtande aktiviteter ökar i takt med att s

The aim of this thesis is to obtain: • How ÅVS- methodology works and is applied. • Identification of the problem and its causes. • A discussion of the results with possible counter measurements. The thesis consists of four main parts: Part 1 -Literature study, Part 2 -Implementation of ÅVS, Part 3 -Interview, Part 4 -Conclusion The traffic analysis of Kalmar roundabout shows that the traffic loa

Sony Mobile has a quite large internal user group with the purpose of investigating the usability of their mobile devices. The Telephony Domain was using among other techniques usability testing to evaluate the usability of their products. The performed conventional usability testing has its limitations e.g. the controlled test environment cannot fully represent real life setting and it’s very exp

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop a model for business process improvement that integrates national culture aspects to achieve sustainable performance improvement. Research questions: * How can national culture aspects be combined into a business process management model? * What is the difference between mapping methods? * How do they relate to each other and their intended scope?

Bakgrund: En central del av Axis Communications AB är avdelningen Operations som innefattar de funktioner som arbetar med att tillhandahålla och distribuera Axis produkter. Avdelningen mäter för tillfället prestation genom ett antal indikatorer och mål som mäts för respektive funktion. I dagsläget finns det potential för att utveckla prestationsmätningen då den inte ger någon klar översikt. I taktBackground: A central part of Axis Communications AB is the Operations department, which Axis Operations currently measures performance through a number of indicators or goals that are measured for each function. However, the way performance is measured and presented today does not provide a complete picture and therefore has the potential to be developed further. As the company grows, the need fo

BAKGRUND OCH SYFTE Ett globalt företag som syftar till att långsiktigt öka sin marknadspotential, vilket Axis Communications AB gör, måste adressera utvecklingsmarknaderna i världen. Axis har tidigare haft Brasilien, Ryssland och Kina i focus och vill nu adressera Indien då den Indiska marknaden anses ha en av väldens bästa marknadspotentialer. Axis arbetar utefter sin partnermodel, vilken definieBACKGROUND AND PURPOSE A global company aiming at a high market position in the future, which Axis Communications AB is, is forced to address the emerging markets. Axis has previously focused on Brazil, Russia, and China and now it is time to address the fourth BRIC country; India, since it is considered to have one of the world's greatest market potential. Axis works according to their partne

Since the disease was first discovered and defined by the German neuropathologist Alois Alzheimer in 1906, Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been referred to as one of the most detrimental neuronal disorders of mankind. Up to date, it is one of the major topics of modern neuroscience with no cure yet discovered. The number of people diagnosed with AD is likely to increase in the future if healthcar