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This paper presents the design of a two-step process in which the first step is PEGylation of a protein, and the second step is chromatographic purification of the target mono-PEGylated protein from the unreacted and the di-PEGylated impurities. The difference between optimizing each process step separately and optimizing them simultaneously is studied. It was found that by optimizing the steps si
This paper demonstrates that vacuum impregnation of mature apple tissue in the presence of different sugars results in the formation of membrane vesicles inside the cells. Vesiculation is regarded to be a metabolic consequence of the impregnation process. Vesiculation is shown when the endocytic marker FM4-64 was impregnated into the apple tissue together with the sugar solutions. Vesicles were fo
The effect of side chain length of pi-conjugated poly(9,9-dialkylfluorene)s has been studied in semi-dilute (10 mg/mL) toluene solutions using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and H-1 and H-2 NMR spectroscopies. Under these conditions, SANS data indicate that poly(9,9-dinonylfluorene) and poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) are dissolved down to the molecule level and appear as elongated one-dimensiona
In 2013, the Large Hadron Collider provided proton-lead and lead-proton collisions at the center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair root s(NN) = 5.02 TeV. Van der Meer scans were performed for both configurations of colliding beams, and the cross section was measured for two reference processes, based on particle detection by the T0 and V0 detectors, with pseudo-rapidity coverage 4.6 < eta < 4.9, -3.
In this work, a picosecond-lidar system, using a Nd:YAG picosecond laser, a Newtonian telescope and a streak camera, was used for single-ended furnace diagnostics. The optical access of the furnace was obstructed by a sooty diffusion ethylene flame. It was demonstrated that, with proper optical arrangement, the elastic scattering of the flame can be mapped in one dimension simultaneously as temper
Hotspots and coldspots of concentration and biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) marginally overlapped at the 0.5-100 m scale in a creosote contaminated soil in southern Sweden, suggesting that concentration and biodegradation had little spatial co-variation. Biodegradation was substantial and its spatial variability considerable and highly irregular, but it had no spatial aut
Solid polymer electrolyte membranes were prepared as semi-interpenetrating networks by photo-induced polymerization of mixtures of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) methacrylate macromonomers in the presence of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide salt. The composition of the membranes was varied with respect to the PMMA content, the degree of cross-linking, an
Dating the transgression and subsequent regression in marginal basins of the southeastern Swedish Baltic Sea provides a new perspective of global ice-volume changes and the isostatic adjustment of the mantle after the retreat of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet from this area. Superimposed upon a smooth pattern of local sea-level rise, acceleration occurred ca. 7600 calibrated (cal) yr B.P., evidenced a
