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Air flow rate through filters and face masks is one important determinant of the final protection factor of a respiratory protective device in use. Respiratory minute volumes and instantaneous breath flow rates were measured in eight subjects during treadmill work using three types of filtering respirators and one control breathing mask. Work comprised five consecutive bouts of walking at 5 km/h w

This review assesses the contribution of occupational asbestos exposure to the occurrence of mesothelioma and lung cancer in Europe. Available information on national asbestos consumption, proportions of the population exposed, and exposure levels is summarized. Population-based studies from various European regions on occupational asbestos exposure, mesothelioma, and lung cancer are reviewed. Asb

A multi-disciplinary study is being carried out on recharge to the Karoo sandstone aquifer in the western part of Zimbabwe, where recharge is controlled by the presence of a thick, confining basalt layer. The aquifer is geographically extensive, and has been identified throughout the southern part of the mid-Zambezi basin (Fig. 1). The potential for groundwater abstraction seems to be huge. The ke

The five ribosomal P-proteins, denoted P0-(P1-P2)(2), constitute the stalk structure of the large subunit of eukaryotic ribosomes. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the group of P1 and P2 proteins is differentiated into subgroups that form two separate P1A-P2B and P1B-P2A heterodimers on the stalk. So far, structural studies on the P-proteins have not yielded any satisfactory information usin

Objective. Our study describes sick leave during 3 years before and 3 years after diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in relation to referents and identifies predictors for sick leave during the third year after diagnosis of RA. Methods. One hundred twenty patients (76% women) from the Swedish early RA study TIRA were included. Disease activity and disability were registered regularly during 3

Background: The global prevalence of obesity and overweight is increasing rapidly among adults as well as among children and adolescents. Recent genome-wide association studies have provided strong support for association between variants in the FTO gene and obesity. We sequenced regions of the FTO gene to identify novel variants that are associated with obesity and related metabolic traits. Resul

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy in detecting signs of fetal hypoxia in labour of intermittent (I-group) versus continuous (C-group) electronic fetal monitoring in women with low or moderate risk factors for fetal distress. DESIGN: A prospective, randomised study. SETTING: A tertiary referral centre. SUBJECTS: Four thousand and forty-four parturients at low risk for obstetric complications with

A two-phase hollow-fiber (HF) liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) method was developed for determination of a quaternary ammonium compound surfactant, dicocodimethylammonium chloride, in aqueous samples. The porous HF was fixed on a metal rod support and was impregnated with approximately 6.6 mu L of organic extractant, which was immobilized in the HF pores. Surfactant extraction was facilitated b

Persistent organochlorine pollutants (POPs) have been suggested to have negative effects on a number of hormonal systems. Several studies performed retrospectively have reported a possible association between POP exposure and fertility, measured as time to pregnancy (TTP). However, these studies lack biomarkers of exposure at the time when the women tried to conceive. It has previously been found

Although the toxic effect of heavy metals on soil microorganism activity is well known, little is known about the effects on different organism groups. The influence of heavy metal addition on total, bacterial, and fungal activities was therefore studied for up to 60 days in a laboratory experiment using forest soil contaminated with different concentrations of Zn or Cu. The effects of the metals

Twenty-nine consecutive cases with a t(8;21)(q22;q22) in the bone marrow (BM) karyotype were retrospectively studied concerning clinical, morphological and cytogenetic data. All had been diagnosed as acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), 27 FAB subtype M2 and two M1, comprising 5% of all cytogenetically analysed AML during 18 yr. Auer rods were the most consistent t(8;21)-associated morphological finding

Background Impaired activation of the human skeletal muscle glycogen synthase by insulin is typical for type 2 diabetic patients. Regulation of glycogen synthase occurs mainly by phosphorylation/dephoshorylation but little is known whether there also is transcriptional regulation. Therefore we studied transcriptional regulation of the human skeletal muscle glycogen synthase gene (GYS1) and evaluat

Background Oral contraceptives were introduced almost 50 years ago, and over 100 million women currently use them. Oral contraceptives can reduce the risk of ovarian cancer, but the eventual public-health effects of this reduction will depend on how long the protection lasts after use ceases. We aimed to assess these effects. Methods Individual data for 23 257 women with ovarian cancer (cases) a

The European Union (EU) has laid down very clear objectives for the reduction of greenhouse gases in the hope that it will prevent or mitigate climate change. Political incentives are used to make the power industry adopt changes in order to reach these EU targets. In this thesis, some solutions that could help power companies meet the EU objectives are evaluated. Thermodynamic models have been de

Popular Abstract in Swedish För att förstå på vilket sätt viktiga pollinerande insekter påverkas av det omgivande landskapets struktur och innehåll, har jag studerat populationer av humlor (fam. Bombus). Jag har också gjort en analys av sambandet mellan jordbruksintensitet of landskapets komplexitet. Mina studier har utförst i Skåne och jag har valt studieområden bl.a. baserat på hur stora åkrar oTo investigate recent declines in bumblebee populations, I carried out landscape analyses, made field studies of bumblebees, flowering plants and pollination in an agricultural region in southernmost Sweden. Studies were carried out in landscapes of contrasting agricultural intensity and land-cover configuration; "simple" landscapes highly dominated by large crop fields, and "complex" with mixed f

This paper analyses the nature and scale of transaction costs (TCs) borne by obliged parties under a "Tradable White Certificate" (TWC) scheme. Taking the first phase of the Energy Efficiency Commitment (EECl) in Great Britain as a case study, several sources of TCs were considered, such as search for information, persuasion of customers, negotiation with business partners, and measurement and ver