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Background Tonsillectomy is a common surgical procedure. Recent evidence suggests that tonsils play an important role in our immune system. We thus hypothesize that individuals with tonsillectomy may face an increased incidence of autoimmune diseases in their later life. Methods All individuals that had a tonsillectomy in Sweden between 1997 and 2012 were identified from the Swedish Hospital Disch
The paper describes full-scale fire-fighting tests performed in an underground mine. A total of six different methods to fight a full scale fire in a mine tunnel were tested. The methods involved different fire-fighting equipment but were comparable regarding fundamental conditions such as length of response-route, fire-fighting set-up, and smoke and fire size. The aim was to compare different equ
The electric and magnetic polarizabilities of the proton are now well known, owing to Compton scattering measurements on hydrogen targets; however, the neutron polarizabilities are still relatively uncertain, compared to the proton values. To address this problem, a multiinstitutional collaboration has conducted a program of elastic Compton scattering experiments on deuterium at the MAX IV Laborat
International bi-lateral agreements to support the conservation of rainforests to reduce greenhouse gas emissions are growing in prevalence. In 2009, the governments of Guyana and Norway established Guyana’s Low Carbon Development Strategy (LCDS). We examine the extent to which the participation and inclusion of Guyana’s indigenous population within the LCDS is being achieved. We conducted a sing
Introduction: Adenosine is a common pharmacological vasodilator agent used in first pass perfusion MRI as well as nuclear cardiology and echocardiography. Coronary flow reserve (CFR) by adenosine is inhibited by caffeine and therefore caffeine abstinence is routinely proscribed in patients. However, the guidelines differ regarding how long abstinence is needed from 12 to 24 hours. Purpose: This st
In humans, the non-gastric H+/K+ ATPase (ATP1AL1) has previously been shown to be expressed in the epithelia of skin, kidney and colon. In this study we tested the hypothesis that the non-gastric H+/K+ ATPase is localized to the syncytiotrophoblast, the transporting epithelium of the human placenta. Microvillous (MVM) and basal plasma membranes (BM) of the syncytiotrophoblast were isolated from te
Brain interstitial and cerebrospinal fluid drainage into the lymphatics was studied by injections of 5 microliters of packed sheep red blood cells (SRBC) injected into the caudate nucleus, the occipital lobe, and the lateral ventricle of the brain in mice. The number of plaque-forming cells (PFC) was determined in the deep cervical lymph nodes, the axillary lymph nodes, and the spleen, and the num
Parasites of the genera Plasmodium and Haemoproteus (Apicomplexa: Haemosporida) are a diverse group of pathogens that infect birds nearly worldwide. Despite their ubiquity, the ecological and evolutionary factors that shape the diversity and distribution of these protozoan parasites among avian communities and geographic regions are poorly understood. Based on a survey throughout the Neotropics of
Climate change and drought phenomena impacts have become a growing concern for water resources engineers and policy makers, mainly in arid and semi-arid areas. This study aims to contribute to the development of a decision support tool to prepare water resources managers and planners for climate change adaptation. The Hydrologiska Byråns Vattenbalansavdelning (The Water Balance Department of the H
This paper presents measurements of W±Z production in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV. The gauge bosons are reconstructed using their leptonic decay modes into electrons and muons. The data were collected in 2012 by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb-1. The measured inclusive cross section in the detector fiduci
Softwood bark contains a large amounts of extractives—i.e., soluble lipophilic (such as resin acids) and hydrophilic components (phenolic compounds, stilbenes). The effects of the partial removal of water-soluble extractives before acid-catalyzed steam pretreatment on enzymatic digestibility were assessed for two softwood barks—Norway spruce and Scots pine. A simple hot water extraction step remov
Terpene emissions from the top-canopy layer (at 20 m) of one 118-year-old Norway spruce tree were measured between June and September 2013 using a branch chamber. Total terpene emissions varied from 0.05 to 332.5 μg gdw -1 h-1 with a peak in August. Monoterpenes dominated throughout the summer and on average accounted for 65% of the total terpene mass, followed by sesquiterpenes (29%) and isoprene
Tendon function and homeostasis rely on external loading. This study investigates the biological mechanisms behind tendon biomechanical function and how the mechanical performance is affected by reduced daily loading. The Achilles tendons of 16 weeks old female Sprague Dawley rats (n = 40) were unloaded for 5 weeks by inducing muscle paralysis with botulinum toxin injections in the right gastrocne
Moraxella catarrhalisis a human respiratory pathogen that causes acute otitis media in children and is associated with exacerbations in patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The first step inM. catarrhaliscolonization is adherence to the mucosa, epithelial cells, and extracellular matrix (ECM). The objective of this study was to evaluate the role ofM. catarrhalisint
A 3D model at microscale by the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is proposed for part of an anode of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) to analyze the interaction between the transport and reaction processes and structural parameters. The equations of charge, momentum, heat and mass transport are simulated in the model. The modeling geometry is created with randomly placed spheres to resemble the part o
The concentrations of cartilage proteoglycan (aggrecan), stromelysin-1, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) and procollagen II C-propeptide in knee joint fluid and the levels of aggrecan, hyaluronan and keratan sulfate in serum were measured before and after exercise in 33 healthy athletes. The samples before exercise were obtained after 24 h rest from running or soccer and the sampl
Complex 1 of the respirator) chain (EC 1.6.531, measured as NADH-duroquinone and NADH-ubiquinone, reductase activities, was isolated from purified red beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.I mitochondria. The mitochondria were disrupted by freeze-thawing and inner membrane vesicles were pelleted. After solubilization of the vesicles with Triton X-100, the enzyme complex was purified 11-fold (compared to the a
