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The global carbon cycle is an important component of the Earth system and it interacts with the hydrology, energy and nutrient cycles as well as ecosystem dynamics. A better understanding of the global carbon cycle is required for improved projections of climate change including corresponding changes in water and food resources and for the verification of measures to reduce anthropogenic greenhous
Background. S100β has been suggested as a marker of brain damage after cardiac operation. The aim of this study was to characterize the early S100β release in detail and relate it to neuropsychological outcome. Methods. Three groups of patients were investigated. All patients underwent coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) with extracorporeal circulation. In group A, 110 patients had sampling of S
The cellular response to hypoxia, primarily orchestrated by hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs; mainly HIF-1α and HIF-2α), is at the center of several signaling pathways conferring aggressive tumor behavior. HIFs may be crucially involved in tumor initiation, as seen in clear cell renal cell carcinoma, as well as maintenance of resistance cancer stem cell phenotypes, as observed in glioma. In the fir
The reproduction of female Siberian lemmings in the increase and peak phases of the lemming cycle was investigated in connection with a ship-borne expedition along the Siberian arctic tundra. The cycle phase of each studied lemming population was determined using demographic analyses, i.e. current density indices (captured lemmings per 100 traps per 24 h), information on previous density (frequenc
The influence of amylopectin (Ap) (in the form of high amylopectin potato starch, HAPP) on the rheological properties of its mixtures with amylose (Am) has been studied in small-deformation oscillatory rheometry during relatively long times (6 h). The absence of HAPP granule remnants in the samples has been considered important; therefore HAPP, Am, and HAPP-Am mixtures have been prepared at 140deg
Voles of the genus Microtus represent one of the most speciose mammalian genera in the Holarctic. We established a molecular phylogeny for Microtus to resolve contentious issues of systematic relationships and evolutionary history in this genus. A total of 81 specimens representing ten Microtus species endemic to Europe as well as eight Eurasian, six Asian and one Holarctic species were sequenced
Object. Cerebral pressure autoregulation is an important neuroprotective mechanism that stabilizes cerebral blood flow when blood pressure (BP) changes In this study the authors examined the association between autoregulation and clinical factors. BR. intracranial pressure (ICP), brain tissue oxygen tension (PbtO(2)), and outcome after pediatric severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). In particular w
1. Recent changes in European agricultural policy have led to measures to reverse the loss of species-rich grasslands through the creation of new areas on ex-arable land. Ex-arable soils are often characterized by high inorganic nitrogen (N) levels, which lead to the rapid establishment of annual and fast-growing perennial species during the initial phase of habitat creation. The addition of carbo
The toxicity of different phenols to the soil bacterial community was studied in the laboratory using the leucine incorporation technique. The effects of environmental factors such as pH, temperature and binding strength to soil particles were also assessed in order to deduce confounding effects due to the chemical and physical conditions in the soil from which the bacterial community was extracte
Purpose: Promoter hypermethylation of, for example, tumor-sup pressor genes, is considered to be an important step in cancerogenesis and a negative risk factor for survival in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS); however, its role for response to therapy has not been determined. This study was designed to assess the effect of methylation status on the outcome of conventional induction ch
Throughout the world, tidal marshes are being restored to obtain natural protection against recurring storm surges and sea level rise and to preserve the resources these habitats provide. Managed realignment, or breaching of the seaward dikes, is a restoration technique increasingly used; yet unsuitable site elevation has been a major constraint to habitat development. Controlled reduced tide (CRT
Distributions of phylogenetically related protein domains (fold superfamilies), or FSFs, among the three Superkingdoms (trichotomy) are assessed. Very nearly 900 of the 1200 FSFs of the trichotomy are shared by two or three Superkingdoms. Parsimony analysis of FSF distributions suggests that the FSF complement of the last common ancestor to the trichotomy was more like that of modern eukaryotes th
Peripheral nerve (PN) isografts provide a favourable environment for axon regeneration after peripheral and central nervous system (CNS) injury, but definitive information on the extent of cellular intermixing between donor and host tissues is lacking. We wished to compare migration patterns in fresh and predegenerate PN grafts, and also compare the extent of cell migration after transplantation t
Background The aim of this study was to investigate gene transfer to human umbilical cord blood (CB) CD34(+)/CD38(low) and NOD/SCID repopulating cells using oncoretroviral vectors and to compare the transduction efficiency using three different viral envelopes. Methods CB cells were transduced on Retronectin using an MSCV-based vector with the gene for GFP (MGIN), which was packaged into three dif
Aims/hypothesis: The study evaluated whether glucagon secretion is regulated by changes in insulin sensitivity under normal conditions. Materials and methods: A total of 155 healthy women with NGT (aged 53-70 years) underwent a glucose-dependent arginine-stimulation test for evaluation of glucagon secretion. Arginine (5 g) was injected i.v. under fasting conditions (plasma glucose 4.8 +/- 0.1 mmol
Crystalline Cs2KMnF6, when prepared below 500°C, adopts a tetragonal elpasolite structure type. Differential scanning calorimetric investigations indicated that Cs2KMnF6 undergoes a phase transition from the low-temperature tetragonal phase (LT) to a high-temperature phase (HT) at about 530°C. Single crystals of the new HT phase could be obtained by annealing a crystalline LT specimen at 600°C fol
Den ökade betydelsen av immateriella rättigheter, utvecklade möjligheter till lättare spridning av skyddat material och därigenom ett ökat skyddsbehov har föranlett rättighetsinnehavare att söka nya tillvägagångssätt för bekämpning av immaterialrättsintrång online. Under det senaste årtiondet har ett nytt vapen i form av förbudsförelägganden mot mellanhänder trätt fram. Utan något faktiskt ansvar The increased significance of intellectual property rights, rapid development of easier dissemination of protected works and the subsequent concern for protection has lead right holders to continuously seek new ways of countering online piracy. In the past decade, a new regime of targeting online intermediaries with blocking injunctions has emerged, supported by the legislative powers of the Europ
Insect pollinators provide an essential ecosystem service, but recently declines in pollinator groups have been reported. Urban areas are expanding rapidly world-wide and have been suggested to be a major cause behind insect declines, but the effect of urbanization on pollinators is still inconclusive. In this study, the number of flower-visitors on the plant species peached-leaved bellflower and
Background and objectives: Type 2 diabetes has been increasing all over the world. A healthy diet, including particular functional foods is an effective strategy to prevent this form of diabetes. Nopal (Oputia ficus) is a cactus plant that, according to traditional medicine, has antidiabetic properties. The objective of this research was to examine the effects of different fractions of nopal clado
This thesis explores what it means to struggle for food sovereignty under belligerent occupation. It makes the argument that the deliberate suppression of agriculture in the West Bank (occupied Palestinian territories) and ensuing deterioration of food sovereignty can be understood as an example of “slow violence,” further entrenching the settler-colonial occupation of Palestine. The settler-colon
