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In this work benzoyl dextrans with a degree of substitution (DS) ranging from 0.02 to 0.29 and valeryl dextrans with a DS ranging from 0.025 to 0.2 were synthesized. The modified dextrans were characterized by viscosity, UV, HPLC and NMR measurements. The effect of reaction conditions on the DS of modified dextrans was studied. The modified dextrans were used to study the effect of aromatic and al
Aims: The Swedish National Inpatient Registry is an important source of data for numerous epidemiological studies, amongst them studies on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). General validation studies indicate that in general 85-95% of diagnoses reported are correct, but this is not true for all groups of diseases, why specific validation studies are of great importance. Methods: Charts
Background Carrying the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) germline mutations is associated with a high risk for melanoma. Penetrance of CDKN2A mutations is modified by pigmentation characteristics, nevus phenotypes, and some variants of the melanocortin-1 receptor gene (MC1R), which is known to have a role in the pigmentation process. However, investigation of the associations of both
OBJECTIVES: To determine the ability to correctly identify Cesarean section scars, to estimate the prevalence of defective scars, and to determine the size and location of scar defects by transvaginal ultrasound imaging. METHODS: Two hundred and eighty-seven women underwent transvaginal ultrasound examination 6-9 months after delivery: 108 had undergone one Cesarean section, 43 had had two Cesarea
The fire technical properties of products are determining factors for the initiation and growth of fires. Measurement of fire technical properties and the understanding of how they relate to real hazards are therefore important for fire safety. This work deals with the fire technical properties of building products, their tendency to ignite and release heat in different fire scenarios. Building p
As a social worker you often meet children that are exposed to harmful environments in one way or another. Children who grow up in these circumstances could easily be forgotten, there-fore it is vital that these children are brought to attention. In these situations it´s necessary to find which positiv measures would be benefitial for these children. The internet is an expan-sive resource due to t
Popular science summary Identifying an African Paradise Flycatcher using molecular techniques Five species of Paradise Flycatchers (Terpsiphone) occur in mainland Africa. Colour polymorphism and hybridization in these birds make species identification and defining species boundaries challenging. A melanistic individual was captured in Gashaka-Gumti National Park in Nigeria, and could not be iden
This research aims to fill the knowledge gap with regards to food waste prevention with a specific focus on quick service restaurants (QSRs) – also known as fast food restaurants. Restaurants are in a prime position to reduce food waste produced in the consumptive stages of the food supply chain, and more focus should be placed on how restaurants can help achieve food waste reduction targets. The
Reppe, a starch factory within the concern of Lantmännen is mainly producing starch from wheat but also gets gluten as a product in the process. Currently, the wheat gluten is primarily used to improve the properties of flour for bread-making and as an additive in the baking industry. But there is an interest to explore new uses of the product. To make this possible, the solubility of gluten has t
In the present study three different strains of Escherichia coli (JM 109 - a native "wild type" strain, JM 109/pBSD 1300 - a strain overproducing the membrane anchor domain of Bacillus subtilis succinate-quinone reductase, SQR, a protein that contains two transmembraneously arranged heme groups and JM109/pLUV 1900 - a strain overproducing cytochrome c(550) from B. subtilis, a protein where the cyt
Background The cholinesterase inhibitor donepezil is used to treat mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease. Its efficacy in severe dementia has not been assessed and is controversial. Our aim was to ascertain the effectiveness of donepezil in patients with severe Alzheimer's disease, by focusing primarily on cognition and activities of daily living. Methods We did a 6-month, double-blind, parallel-gr
The spawning behaviour of wild caught brood stock as well as early egg and larval development were studied in yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi). Spawning occurred naturally in the austral spring/summer (November–February) when the seawater temperature was above 17 °C. Courtship behaviour involved one male and female, and consisted of a high-speed pursuit punctuated by stalling, nipping and tou
Objective. - To study the impact of preschool outdoor environments on children's physical activity and solar ultraviolet (UV) exposure at different latitudes and countries. Methods. Outdoor environments of 11 preschools (two in Raleigh NC, USA, Lat.36 degrees N, nine in Malmo, Sweden, Lat.55 degrees N) were scored (OPEC) regarding space, vegetation, hilly terrain and level of integration between o
Objectives Evidence suggests that certain occupations and related exposures may increase the risk of malignant lymphoma. Farming, printing and paper industry, wood processing, meat handling and processing, welding, shoe and leather manufacturing and teaching profession are among the categories that have been implicated in previous studies. The relationship between occupation and malignant lymphoma
Atrial septal defect (ASD) is the most common congenital heart malformation diagnosed in adult life. In this thesis important clinical, haemodynamic and electrophysiological aspects of ASD in the adult are explored. The diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance velocity mapping (MRvm)in calculating the pulmonary/systemic flow ratio (QP/QS)was assessed (I). The mean and maximal error by MRvm was 1
Background The perception of surgery as expensive and complex might be a barrier to its widespread acceptance in global health efforts. We did a systematic review and analysis of cost-effectiveness studies that assess surgical interventions in low-income and middle-income countries to help quantify the potential value of surgery. Methods We searched Medline for all relevant articles published betw
Background: More than 90 immunologically distinct serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae exist, and it is not fully elucidated whether the serotype is a risk factor for severity of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). Our hypothesis is that serotypes differ in their capacity to cause septic shock. Methods: We performed a retrospective study in Southern Sweden based upon 513 patients with IPD in the
Active surveillance of invasive group A streptococcal (GAS) infections was conducted in Denmark during 2003 and 2004 as a part of the Strep-EURO initiative. The main objective was to improve understanding of the epidemiology of invasive GAS disease in Denmark. During the 2 years, 278 cases were reported, corresponding to a mean annual incidence of 2.6 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. The vast majori
Objective: To evaluate the results of the expanded National Venous Screening Program (NVSP) as administered by the American Venous Forum. Methods. Eighty-three physicians across 40 states participated in screening Americans for venous disease. The NVSP instrument included demographics, venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk assessment, quality-of-life (QOL) assessment, duplex ultrasound scan for reflux
