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BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the cost-effectiveness of varenicline with nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) for smoking cessation in four European countries (Belgium, France, Sweden and the UK). METHODS: Markov simulations, using the Benefits of Smoking Cessation on Outcomes (BENESCO) model, were performed. We simulated the incidence of four smoking-related morbidit
The last decade has seen significant shifts in the framework conditions of living and working in the academic life sciences, such as changing funding structures, increasing project-type character of scientific work and the integration of multiple quality assessment mechanisms into structures of scientific knowledge production. Alongside these changes there have also been significant transformation
In order to reduce parasite-induced mortality, hosts may be involved in mutualistic interactions in which the partner contributes to resistance against the parasite. The pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris (Hemiptera: Aphididae), harbours secondary bacterial endosymbionts, some of which have been reported to confer resistance against aphid parasitoids. Although this resistance often results in d
Introduction: The aim was to evaluate surgical treatment of newly diagnosed uterine cancer in a Swedish population. Material and methods: Data in the GynOp registry from 2008 to 2014 were analyzed. Results: In total, 3443 cases were included: 430 (12%) were robotic-assisted laparoscopic, 272 (8%) laparoscopic, and 2741 (80%) abdominal operations. There was an increasing trend in minimally invasive
Background Arterial hypertension is common in adults with repaired coarctation of the aorta (CoA). The associations between the diagnosis of hypertension, actual blood pressure, other factors affecting left ventricular overload, and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) are not yet fully explored in this population. Material and results From the national register for congenital heart disease, 506 adu
Background: Since 1994 the need for joint sexual and reproductive health (SRH) responsibility between men and women to achieve gender equality and reduce health inequalities has received more attention. The focus has been on young people as they transition into adulthood and are vulnerable to the negative consequences of early pregnancy and childbirth, STIs and early parenthood. Traditionally, con
The museum world is in a time of great change, many of the changes focus on the accessibility of museums. In Sweden these changes are becoming more apparent as the new museum law that has been passed advocates for equal museum experience for all visitors whether they have any for of impairment or not. To encourage this change a few older law and regulations that Swedish museums are also subject to
In the following report, a fire safety evaluation of Hotel Nissastigen in central Gislaved is presented. The building itself consists of five floors, whereof two are cellar and attic. Beyond the usual hotel business, Nissastigen both offers a place to eat at their restaurant and room for conferences, as well as acting as a gathering point for tourists, thus making it vital for the local economy.
The main goal of the project was to decrease the cooling time of a diamond anvil cell (DAC) by modifying an existing design. Modifications included change of materials, overall dimensions and a significant reduction of mass together with additional suggestions for decreased cool time. The initial design was known to function with current materials and dimensions. The first step of the thesis was
We’re living in a time where more and more evidence of our impact on the environment appears every day. A lot of resource and time have been spent in order to identify and inform about the ecological footprint us humans enlarge day by day. The realization of human impact on the environment introduced large scale research and UN reports on the subject and a definition and goal to strive after was e
Popular science summary Identifying an African Paradise Flycatcher using molecular techniques Five species of Paradise Flycatchers (Terpsiphone) occur in mainland Africa. Colour polymorphism and hybridization in these birds make species identification and defining species boundaries challenging. A melanistic individual was captured in Gashaka-Gumti National Park in Nigeria, and could not be iden
This research aims to fill the knowledge gap with regards to food waste prevention with a specific focus on quick service restaurants (QSRs) – also known as fast food restaurants. Restaurants are in a prime position to reduce food waste produced in the consumptive stages of the food supply chain, and more focus should be placed on how restaurants can help achieve food waste reduction targets. The
Title: Comparison of certification criteria and simulation methods for assessment of daylight conditions - applied in a Swedish passive house Authors: Emma Boberg and Anna Savolainen, Civil Engineering specializing in Architecture at the Faculty of Engineering Lund University, LTH. Supervisors: Helena Bülow-Hübe, Environment and Energy Manager, Ph.D, FOJAB Architects. Staffan Premmert, Architect,
The use of timber volume elements (TVEs) in residential multi-storey buildings is increasing in popularity. Manufacturing methods and building processes have been streamlined to improve product quality. However, further streamlining still remains concerning the efficiency of current calculation methods, as many developers still use simple hand calculations. The objective with this dissertation was
Despite the increasing level and number of techniques deployed to generate more robust, better-producing microbial cell factories for production of chemicals, the number of products that reach commercial feasibility is still very low. Many hurdles come along the way as it has been observed that strains designed in the laboratory do not perform as expected in industrial-scale bioreactors. For insta
Copper and copper alloys are important material systems for the electrification of society. The high workability of the materials makes them appropriate in numerous different applications which require highly conductive properties. One main advantage of Cu and Cu-bearing alloys is the eminent ability to be repeatedly recycled without losing the advantageous properties. This raises the question whe
It’s not unusual for young people these days to take and edit a selfie. With the rise of consumerist culture and the popularity of mobile Internet, nowadays selfie applications, including beauty cameras and photo-beautification applications, have become the most well-accepted products/brands among Chinese women, who have grown accustomed to showing only one exquisitely edited face in digital photo
Green hydrogen is an advantageous clean energy carrier that enables the decarbonization of hard-to-abate sectors and addresses the intermittency of renewables. However, its global production is currently constrained by inadequate infrastructure, high investment risks, and relatively technological infancy. Failure to scale green hydrogen could hinder decarbonization efforts and climate goals. Recog
Objective: To evaluate the results of the expanded National Venous Screening Program (NVSP) as administered by the American Venous Forum. Methods. Eighty-three physicians across 40 states participated in screening Americans for venous disease. The NVSP instrument included demographics, venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk assessment, quality-of-life (QOL) assessment, duplex ultrasound scan for reflux
