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Irradiating a flame via microwave radiation is a plasma-assisted combustion (PAC) technology that can be used to modify the combustion chemical kinetics in order to improve flame stability and to delay lean blow-out. One practical implication is that combustion engines may be able to operate with leaner fuel mixtures and have an improved fuel flexibility capability including biofuels. Furthermore,
Background/Objective To demonstrate therapeutic equivalence of terbutaline via two different Turbuhaler® devices by evaluating its protective effect against methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction in stable asthma. Methods In this double-blind, double-dummy, multicentre, single-dose, 4-way crossover study, patients with stable mild-to-moderate asthma (FEV1 ≥80% predicted) were randomised to 0.5 o
Amylin, also named islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), is a protein that is processed and released from pancreatic beta-cells in parallel with insulin. Islet amyloid polypeptide is currently studied with regard to a role for insulin resistance in non-insulin-dependent diabetes. To elucidate a possible function of IAPP for impaired glucose tolerance in primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT), we studied p
BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) is a progressive disorder characterized by reduced cardiac output and increased peripheral resistance, ultimately leading to tissue perfusion deficits and devastating consequences for several organs including the brain. We previously described a tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-dependent enhancement of posterior cerebral artery tone and concomitant reduced cerebral bl
AbstractAim: Although imaging of In vitro labeled leukocytes is commonly used for diagnosing inflammation and infection, data concerning the use of this technique to monitor neutrophil trafficking are scarce. Here we investigated thepotential of 111In-in vitro labeled leukocytes (InWBC) to monitor neutrophil trafficking in an animal model of pulmonary inflammation.Methods: F344 rats were divided i
Purpose: Objective diagnosis of symptomatic urinary tract infections in patients prone to asymptomatic bacteriuria is compromised by local host responses that are already present and the positive urine culture. We investigated interleukin-6 as a biomarker for nonfebrile urinary tract infection severity and diagnostic thresholds for interleukin-6 and 8, and neutrophils to differentiate between asym
Despite the fact that control programs have been available for several decades, mastitis remains an important problem in dairy herds around the world. Possible reasons for this include poor uptake and application of recommended mastitis control measures; poor or variable compliance; or variability in the effects of these measures. The objective of this study was to evaluate the associations betwee
Popular Abstract in Swedish Hur kan nattaktiva insekter se i mörker med fel sorts ögon? Majoriteten av alla dagaktiva insekter har en sorts facettöga som kallas appositionsöga. Appositionsögon är anpassade till ett liv med god tillgång på ljus ? nattaktiva djur har därför i princip alltid andra sorters ögon (superpositionsögon). Anledningen till att appositionsögon fungerar bäst på dagen är att dDue to our own preference for bright light, we tend to forget that many insects are active in very dim light. The reasons for nocturnal activity are most easily seen in tropical areas of the world, where animals face severe competition for food and nocturnal insects are able to forage in a climate of reduced competition and predation. Generally nocturnal insects possess superposition compound eye
The aim of this thesis was to study competitive adsorption of milk proteins during spray-drying. For this purpose, a new surface sensitive method was developed which measures the quantitative amount of specific proteins at the powder surface. The new method is based on steady-state fluorescence measurement of pyrene labelled proteins with oxygen gas phase quenching at the powder surface. The milk
In this thesis I have summarised my work on the analysis and improvement of xylose utilisation by recombinant S. cerevisiae. A metabolic flux model was developed and used to analyse the intracellular fluxes in the recombinant xylose utilising S. cerevisiae TMB 3001 cultivated in chemostat at various dilution rates and xylose/glucose concentrations. Xylose uptake increased with xylose concentration
Partial migration is a common phenomenon in animals but has mostly been studied in birds. However, partial migration of cyprinid fish from lakes into streams during winter is a wide-spread phenomenon. Despite the potential trophic effects from an absence of dominant planktivores from the lake during large parts of the winter, only few studies have described this phenomenon. This thesis considers v
Popular Abstract in English Practices of scaling are an everyday part of governance. To ignore the way scaling is used as an intended or unintended means of securing power is a depoliticizing act. In this thesis, I consider processes of scaling and how they shape water governance in South Africa. Investigating three cases, namely, the De Hoop Dam development, water service delivery in JohannesburgThis thesis offers a critical analysis of the scaling of water governance in South Africa and its implications for water access and allocation. As the complexity and severity of environmental problems increases, there is a growing tendency to look to environmental governance to offer solutions. I contend that water governance, as with all forms of environmental governance, is never an apolitical e
Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingens syfte är att belysa relationerna mellan lokal praktik och statlig styrning med utgångspunkt i hur efterkrigstidens välfärdspolitik förändrade livsbetingelserna i ett antal byar i norra Sveriges inland. Tre teman knyter samman diskussionen. Det första temat knyts till frågorna kring hur det nordsvenska inlandet omvandlats under efterkrigstiden och till hur The aim of this dissertation is to investigate the relationship between local practices and state steering by examining how post-World War II welfare policy changed the life conditions in a number of small villages in northern Sweden. Three themes tie the discussion together. The first theme revolves around questions about how the northern Swedish inland region was transformed in the post-war peri
Protein C inhibitor (PCI) and antithrombin (AT) are serine protease inhibitors (serpins) that are involved in the regulation of coagulation. Like other inhibitory serpins, PCI and AT adopt different structural conformations that are related to their functions. The cleaved, inactive form is a result of cleavage by a protease, and the latent form, which is also inactive, can arise due to a mutation
The prevalence of obstructive lung diseases is increasing in Scandinavia and worldwide. The reasons for this are not known. The prevalence varies between countries but also between different areas within the same country. In northern Europe a north-south gradient and also an east-west gradient have been proposed. To our knowledge this is the first comprehensive epidemiological study concerning obs
The paper is based on an inventory of crofts and cottages that was made in the parish of Länghem in the southern part of the province of Västergötland, Sweden at the end of the 1950ies and the beginning of the 1960ies. The parish of Länghem has both manors (the medieval Torpa and Hofsnäs and the 17th century Sällerås) and independent villages. The inventory was made quite traditionally. We tried t
Background and Objectives: Photodynamic therapy using 20% 5 aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) has recently been introduced as a new tool in optical skin rejuvenation. The primary objective of this study was to optimize incubation time, the topical delivery mechanism (vehicle) and the concentration of 5-ALA by detecting the dynamic changes of normal skin after 5-ALA application. The secondary objective w
Decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM) may either increase or decrease after fresh organic inputs, the phenomena which are termed as “priming effect”. Crop residues and labile C additions can prime SOM decomposition, but it is not known how labile C inputs affect SOM in the presence of decaying plant residues varying in quality (e.g. from previous crops, a common situation in arable soils). We
BACKGROUND: Opioid-related deaths have increased in Western countries over recent decades. Despite numerous studies investigating opioid-related mortality, only a few have focused on the lives of the deceased individuals prior to their deaths, specifically regarding contact with care-providing authorities such as health, social and correctional services. Furthermore, a change has been noted in the
