Filetype
Background and Aims: While the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in childhood is in part genetically conditioned, non-genetic/environmental factors seem to play a decisive role in its aetiology. The incidence of T1D has been increasing rapidly during the last years, and its prevalence is higher in countries of high economical welfare like Sweden. Therefore, both from an aetiological and a publi
Popular AbstractSociologen Niklas Luhmann är en av få samhällsvetare som kommit att utveckla en egen teori. Det har skett genom en vidareutveckling av systemteorin och med otaliga inspirationer från klassisk och modern sociologi, filosofi, rättsteori, kommunikationsteori, kognitionsforskning osv. Luhmanns vittomfattande skriftliga verk gör honom till en av de mest betydande sociologerna överhuvudtThis thesis is divided into two main parts. The first is an exposé of Niklas Luhmann's comprehensive sociological systems theory, including the basic tenets of the theory, its historical development and central concepts, and discussions. Systems theory is a theory about the distinction between system and environment. Within the framework of Luhmann's systems theory, one can discern three primary l
Background. Compounds that block uterine oxytocin and vasopressin V1a receptors have a therapeutic potential in preterm labor and primary dysmenorrhoea. The orally active vasopressin V1a receptor antagonist, SR49059, inhibits the effect of vasopressin on human uterine activity in vivo, but the influence on the response to oxytocin is unknown. Methods. In a placebo-controlled, double-blind, parall
The physics program in Hall A at Jefferson Lab commenced in the summer of 1997 with a detailed investigation of the 16O(e,ep) reaction in quasielastic, constant (q,) kinematics at Q20.8 (GeV/c)2, q1 GeV/c, and 445 MeV. Use of a self-calibrating, self-normalizing, thin-film waterfall target enabled a systematically rigorous measurement. Five-fold differential cross-section data for the removal of p
It is easy when studying the literature on the current development toward closer more integrated business to business relationships to get the impression that a close integrated relationship is desired for all circumstances. Instead, this thesis shows that the nature of business relationship is very strongly correlated to product supplied. The focus of this thesis has been a case study between a s
The aim of this study was to investigate the short-term (2 weeks) effects of the herbicide metsulfuron methyl alone and in combination with the insecticide cypermethrin in freshwater enclosures (80 1). We used a factorial design with four levels of herbicide (0, 1, 5, 20 mug/1) and two levels of insecticide (0 and 0.05 mug/1). The root growth of the macrophyte species Elodea canadensis and Myrioph
Popular Abstract in Swedish Pankreascancer (cancer i bukspottkörteln) drabbar ungefär 900 personer om året i Sverige. Tumörformen har tidigare varit vanligare hos män men är numera lika vanlig hos män och kvinnor. Pankreascancer är ovanligt före 40 års ålder, men ökar stadigt med åldern och ungefär 80% av dem som drabbas är över 60 år gamla. Pankreascancer är en aggressiv tumörform och på grund avIn the present thesis, genetic abnormalities in pancreatic cancer were studied, with special emphasis on alterations of components involved in the transforming growth factor beta (TGFB) signaling pathway. In the first study, fluorescence in situ hybridization and cytogenetic analyses revealed aberrations of chromosome 18 in all 13 pancreatic carcinoma cell lines studied, in particular frequent bre
Popular Abstract in Swedish Fotosyntesen är nödvändig för vårt liv på jordklotet. Fotosyntes utförs huvudsakligen av gröna växter och dessutom av vissa bakterier. Dessa organismer absorberar energin i solljuset och omvandlar den till kemisk energi i form av till exempel kolhydrater och fett som vi människor och djur sedan kan förbränna och utvinna energi ifrån. Fotosyntesen utförs av ett flertal pPSII catalyses the light-induced water splitting process which leads to electron transfer through the thylakoid membrane and formation of energy rich molecules. Several redox components including a Mn4Ca, an amino acid residueYZ, two special Chl molecules P680, two Pheo and two quinone molecules participate in this process. Another component of PSII which interacts magnetically with Mn4Ca is D2-Ty
Popular Abstract in Swedish Regleringen av esofagus och den nedre esofagussfinkterns motilitet har rönt intresse på grund av dess betydelse vid vissa sjukdoms-tillstånd såsom gastroesofageal reflux och akalasi. Den nedre esofagussfinktern har vidare använts som modell för farmakologiska och fysiologiska studier av viss typ av autonom neurotransmission, s k icke-adrenerg, icke-kolinerg (NANC) neuroThe inhibitory neuromuscular control of the human and cat lower oesophagus was investigated by morphological, functional, and biochemical methods. A supply of nerve fibres and myenteric cell bodies, containing nitric oxide synthase (NOS), haem oxygenase (HO)-2, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP) was observed. The highest density of nerve
The effects of authentic nitric oxide (NO, 10(-6) M) and NO-donors such as sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 10(-5) M) and glyceryl trinitrate (GTN, 10(-4) M) on contractile force and free intracellular calcium level ([Ca2+],) were studied on precontracted with high potassium chloride (KCI, 70 mM) isolated rings of rat tail artery. The sensitivity of contractile myofilaments to Ca2+ was measured using ch
Background: Domestic violence during pregnancy is not only a severe public health issue that jeopardizes maternal and foetal health but also violates human rights. The aim was to explore the prevalence and incidence of domestic violence among pregnant women, in the southwestern region of Scania in Sweden, and their experience of a history of violence. In addition, to explore the association betwee
This thesis considers statistical methods for non-stationary signals, specifically stochastic modelling, inference on the model parameters and optimal spectral estimation. The models are based on Silverman’s definition of Locally Stationary Processes (LSPs). In all the contributions, an example of a biomedical application of the proposed method is provided. In the first two papers, the methods are
Background: Many blood group antigens are carried by red cell surface proteins, thefunctions of which are not yet fully characterized or in some cases completelyunknown. By investigating red cells with naturally-occurring blood group variants,much has been learnt about the underlying molecules. However, interindividualvariation affecting other molecules than the one(s) of interest may confound oro
The human host defense peptide LL-37 has an essential role in the first line of defense against invading pathogens. This cathelicidin is mainly produced by immune cells and epithelial cells aligning the mucosal areas and is normally upregulated upon infection and inflammation. LL-37 displays direct antimicrobial activity against a variety of pathogens, but also modulates the immune responses by ac
AbstractHuman papillomaviruses (HPVs) are small non enveloped viruses that contain a double-stranded circular DNA genome of approximately 8kb in size. It has been estimated that approximately 5% of all cancers are caused by HPV infection. Cervical cancer represents the majority of HPV-associated anogenital cancers worldwide. HPV type16 (HPV16) accounts for 65% of cervical cancer and approximately
Ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) are important components of soil microbial communities, and EMF biomass can potentially increase carbon (C) stocks by accumulating in the soils as necromass and producing recalcitrant structures. EMF growth depends on the C allocated belowground by the host trees, and the nutrient limitation on tree growth is expected to influence this allocation. Therefore, studying EM
Background: The migratory process in birds consists of alternating periods of flight and fueling. Individuals of some populations make few flights and long stopovers, while others make multiple flights between short stopovers. Shorebirds are known for executing marathon flights (jumps), but most populations studied are long distance migrants, often crossing major barriers and thus forced to make l
Purpose: The glycosaminoglycans chondroitin sulfate (CS) and hyaluronic acid (HA) are important for the normal function of articular cartilage, and changes of their sulfation and concentration may play a role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). Therefore, these glycans may be clinically useful as biomarkers in OA management. The purpose of this study was to analyze the CS and HA pattern in
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) trauma often occurs in combination with injury to the articular cartilage of the knee, this can result in earlier radiographic evidence of post traumatic osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee compared to the contralateral, ACL intact knee; however, the biomechanical and biological mechanisms associated with the onset and progression of this disease are not understood. We
