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Background: The response to the COVID-19 pandemic involved various lockdown measures, including school closures, which significantly impacted young populations, particularly in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). Given the well-known protective effect of regular school attendance on sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR), reports of disrupted education, compromised SRHR, and an incr
Over the past years, natural catastrophes have disrupted society: the tsunami in December 2004, hurricane Katrina in the Gulf of Mexico, the earthquakes in Pakistan in 2005, causing massive material destruction and human suffering. In addition, technological accidents in transport, energy and process industry undermine the public faith in risk management, while the uncontrolled spreading of diseas
Impaired survival of skin grafts has been noted in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients, but the reason is not known. Alterations in inflammatory response, which might be recorded as an imbalance in cytokine production, have been implicated. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of HIV infection in patients with burn injuries by comparison of split skin graft survival,
Periampullary adenocarcinoma, including pancreatic cancer, has a poor prognosis that has not improved in the last decades. Therefore, in order to find more effective treatment regimens, it is necessary to gain more insight into the biology and clinical behaviour of these tumours. This thesis entails a thorough histopathological characterization of retrospectively collected tumours from a consecuti
Introduction: The current study aimed to investigate the responses to block- versus evenly-distributed high-intensity interval training (HIT) within a polarized microcycle. Methods: Twenty well-trained junior cross-country skiers (10 males, age 17.6 ± 1.5 and 10 females, age 17.3 ± 1.5) completed two, 3-week periods of training (EVEN and BLOCK) in a randomized, crossover-design study. In EVEN, 3 H
The savanna complex is a highly diverse global biome that occurs within the seasonally dry tropical to sub-tropical equatorial latitudes and are structurally and functionally distinct from grasslands and forests. Savannas are open-canopy environments that encompass a broad demographic continuum, often characterised by a changing dominance between C3-tree and C4-grass vegetation, where frequent env
The main aim of the present study was to examine the economic consequences of a reduction in the incidence of clinical mastitis (CM) at herd level under current Swedish farming conditions. A second objective was to ask whether the estimated cost of CM alters depending upon whether the model reflects the fact that in different stages of lactation, CM gives rise to different yield-loss patterns or p
Cerebral intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants continues to be a major clinical problem associated with neurodevelopmental abnormalities manifested by cognitive, behavioral, attentional, social and motor deficits. Hypothesis and aims: The central thesis is that the cytotoxicity of extravasated blood and of consequently released cell-free hemoglobin(Hb) is pivotal for the pathophysiolog
In 2014, more than 200,000 refugees and migrants fled for safety across the Mediterranean Sea. Crammed into overcrowded, unsafe boats, thousands drowned, prompting the Pope to warn that the sea was becoming a mass graveyard. The early months of 2015 saw no respite. In April alone more than 1,300 people drowned. This led to a large public outcry to increase rescue operations. Throughout this period
Popular Abstract in Swedish Nästan alla träd i våra skogar lever i samspel (symbios) med svampar. Många av dessa är ”vanliga” svampar, sådana som vi är vana vid att se och plocka i naturen, (exempelvis soppar, kremlor, riskor, flugsvampar och kantareller) men det finns också de som inte bildar fruktkroppar, eller har fruktkroppar som vi inte ser. Fruktkropparna, de som kan hamna i svampkorgen, är
Background: The ESPAC-3 trial showed that adjuvant gemcitabine is the standard of care based on similar survival to and less toxicity than adjuvant 5-fluorouracil/folinic acid in patients with resected pancreatic cancer. Other clinical trials have shown better survival and tumour response with gemcitabine and capecitabine than with gemcitabine alone in advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer. We
Background: The prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide and prevention is needed. Whole grain has shown potential to lower the risk of obesity, cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. One possible mechanism behind the benefits of whole grain is the gut fermentation of dietary fiber (DF), e.g. non-starch polysaccharides and resistant starch (RS), in whole grain. The purpose of the study i
Calreticulin is a multifunctional protein mainly localized in the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotic organisms, except yeasts. The protein comprises three distinct regions: the N-terminal N domain, the C-terminal C domain, and the central P domain, reflecting the functional diversity of calreticulin. The protein has been implicated in over 40 intra- and extracellular processes in mammalian cells,
Popular Abstract in Swedish Under de senaste decennierna har en omfattande omstrukturering ägt rum av den psykiatriska vården. Verksamheterna vid de gamla mentalsjukhusen har avvecklats genom en omfattande nerdragning av slutenvårdplatser. Psykiatrins långtidssjuka patienter skulle återföras till det sociala liv de under lång tid varit avskärmade ifrån. I samband med omorganiseringen till den s kIn the past few decades a comprehensive restructuring of psychiatric care has taken place in Sweden. The activities of the traditional closed institutions have been curtailed through a drastic reduction in the number of beds available in such institutions. "Day treatment," has arisen as a new form of intensive outpatient care in the new, geographically localized psychiatric care of patients with l
The performance of eight fast-response methane (CH4) gas analysers suitable for eddy covariance flux measurements were tested at a grassland site near the Cabauw tall tower (Netherlands) during June 2012. The instruments were positioned close to each other in order to minimise the effect of varying turbulent conditions. The moderate CH4 fluxes observed at the location, of the order of 25 nmol m(-2
The present study was designed to determine the interrelationships between sex, weaning age, and weaning weight on aspects of physiological and gastrointestinal development in pigs. Forty-eight Large White x Landrace pigs were used in a factorial arrangement with the respective factors being: age at weaning ( 14 or 28 days), weight at weaning ( heavy or light), sex ( boar or gilt), and time after
Background: The receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) are increased in atherosclerotic plaques. Soluble (s)RAGE decreases, whereas the extracellular newly identified receptor for advanced glycation end products (EN-RAGE) increases inflammatory responses mediated by RAGE. The aims were to explore whether sRAGE, EN-RAGE and the EN-RAGE/sRAGE ratio, were associated with the use of lipi
Collimated sprays of paticle, known as jets,are abundantly produced in high-energy proton-proton (pp) collisions, and are predicted by many theories of physics beyond the Standard Model. This thesis reports first on the calibration of jets with focus on the data-driven in situ calibration. Two searches for new physics phenomena in events with jets in the final state are then presented. The analyse
In October 2017, the EU Commission announced a consultation on supplementary protection certificates (SPCs) and research exemptions, including Bolar-type provisions. The consultation will provide valuable input for the Commission when preparing an evaluation of the current EU legislation, and any future policy proposals on SPCs and patent exemptions, including the assessment of the impact of diffe
IMPORTANCE Treatment trials require sound knowledge on the natural course of disease. OBJECTIVE To assess clinical features, genetic findings, and genotype-phenotype correlations in patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) associated with biallelic sequence variations in the PDE6A gene in preparation for a gene supplementation trial. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This prospective, longitudinal,
