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The length of the growing season for deciduous trees in temperate and boreal forests is determined by the timing of bud burst and autumn senescence. It is generally assumed that a warmer climate leads to a longer growing season due to earlier bud burst and delayed autumn senescence and thereby increased gross primary production (GPP) of forests. In this study, we analysed past (1873–1951) and curr
Over the last 7 years, a multidimensional crisis in Venezuela has resulted in massive emigration. Over 7 million have fled the country, with more than 2.4 million seeking to settle in Colombia. Of these, as of 2021, more than 1 million were undocumented, but the situation has started to change with the implementation of an ambitious migrant regularisation scheme. Regularisation promises access to
Increasingly warmer springs have caused phenological shifts in both plants and animals. In birds, it is well established that mean laying date has advanced to match the earlier food peak. We know less about changes in the distribution of egg-laying dates within a population and the environmental variables that determine this variation. This could be an important component of how populations respon
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is released by stressed human vascular cells and promotes vascular cell repair responses in both autocrine and paracrine ways. Subjects with a low capacity to express HGF in response to systemic stress have an increased cardiovascular risk. Human atherosclerotic plaques with a low content of HGF have a more unstable phenotype. The present study shows that subjects wi
Crises are characterised by urgency and disorder, with the ordering practices of crisis management teams constituting key features of the response. In the Swedish refugee crisis that began in autumn 2015, numbers became a key analytic tool to comprehend,monitor and communicate the flow of people arriving in the south of the country. This study draws on theory from social studies of quantification,
The impact of anaerobic bacteria on the human host is sparsely investigated due to cultivation challenges. Nonetheless, in the last decade increasing research demonstrated the importance of paying attention to these overlooked pathogens. In this chapter, we provide an overview of analyzing surface and intracellular inflammation markers of neutrophils and monocytes in response to Gram-positive anae
Background: Oral polio vaccine (OPV) is recommended to be given at birth together with BCG vaccine. While we were conducting two trials including low-birth-weight (LBW) and normal-birth-weight (NBW) infants in Guinea-Bissau, OPV was not available during some periods and therefore some infants did not receive OPV at birth, but only BCG. We investigated the effect of OPV given simultaneously with BC
Objectives. To investigate survival, treatment escalation, effects of first-line single- and first-line combination therapy and prognostic markers in idiopathic- (IPAH), hereditary- (HPAH) and connective tissue disease-associated (CTD-PAH) pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Design. Retrospective analysis of medical journals from PAH patients at Skane University Hospital 2000-2011. Results. 1-,
We have investigated the spatio-temporal carbon balance patterns resulting from forcing a dynamic global vegetation model with output from 18 climate models of the CMIP5 (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5) ensemble. We found robust patterns in terms of an extra-tropical loss of carbon, except for a temperature induced shift in phenology, leading to an increased spring uptake of carbon.
The goal of this study is to determine whether peripheral blood volume fluctuations triggered by ventricular premature beats (VPBs) are significantly related to hypotensive symptoms during dialysis treatment. Patients treated with hemodialysis often suffer from cardiovascular disorders and uremic neuropathy, increasing the propensity to homeostatic imbalance that, in turn, may result in intradialy
The outcome of malaria infections in humans and mice, including the symptoms experienced by the host, the clearance of the parasite, and the host survival; is highly dependant on the balance between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory immune mechanisms. Cytokines, which are signalling molecules involved in cell-cell communication, play a central role in such balance. Given the limited knowledge abo
Vegetation is an important component of the terrestrial ecosystem that plays an essential role in the exchange of water and energy in climate and biogeochemical cycles. This study investigated the spatiotemporal variation of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) in northern China using the GIMMS-MODIS NDVI during 1982–2018. We explored the dominant drivers of NDVI change using regression a
The roles that adventitious roots play in flooding tolerance have been well-studied in willows, while which of the maximum height of adventitious roots and the abundance of adventitious roots in willows is more important for their flooding tolerance is not well known. In this study, we analyzed the effects of adventitious roots on the flooding tolerance of Salix cavaleriei by comparing the maximum
Due to its hemizygous inheritance and role in sex determination, the X-chromosome is expected to play an important role in the evolution of sexual dimorphism and to be enriched for sexually antagonistic genetic variation. By forcing the X-chromosome to only be expressed in males over >40 generations, we changed the selection pressures on the X to become similar to those experienced by the Y. This
