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The quantum mechanical equivalent of the classical Hall effect can lead to interesting results in solid state physics.A similar effect, that has received attention in recent years, occurs when large spin-orbit coupling is present in a material, the so-called quantum-spin Hall effect.In two-dimensional materials it leads to so-called helical edge states that exhibit counter-propagating electron sta

The effect of electron-beam patterning on the water uptake and ionic conductivity of Nafion films using a combination of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, quartz crystal microbalance studies, neutron reflectometry, and impedance spectroscopy is reported. The aim is to further characterize the nanoscale patterned Nafion structures recently used as a key element in novel ion-to-electron transducers

The thermal sensitivity of early life stages can play a fundamental role in constraining species distributions. For egg-laying ectotherms, cool temperatures often extend development time and exacerbate developmental energy cost. Despite these costs, egg laying is still observed at high latitudes and altitudes. How embryos overcome the developmental constraints posed by cool climates is crucial kno

Digitala system för pedagogisk bedömning öppnar nya möjligheter som inte finns med papper och penna. Dessutom frigörs tid för lärarna. Vi ber därför Skolverket att tillsätta en bred arbetsgrupp för att utveckla ett digitalt system för nationella prov, skriver Agneta Gulz och Magnus Haake, båda verksamma inom utbildningsvetenskap.

This paper describes some research stimulated by a fundamental shift that is occurring in the manufacture and marketing of aero engines for commercial and defence purposes, away from the selling of products to the provision of services. The collaborating aerospace company offers contracts under which it remains responsible for the maintenance of engines which have been purchased by airlines throug

Sjuktalet och arbetslöheten samvarierar, genom att sjukfrånvaron tenderar att öka då arbetslösheten minskar, och vice versa. I uppsatsen diskuteras denna samvariation samt dess rekation till förtidspensionering, och den dolda arbetslösheten.

This paper discuss the issue of ‘Teaching Mathematics and Science in English’ Policy implementation in Malaysia, which requires Mathematics and Science to be taught in an English medium in all primary schools, introduced by the government in May 2002. The needs of increased to overcome the declining standard of English contrasted with Malaysian plural society communal identity and mother tongue la

Today risk analyses are commonly used by authorities at national, regional and municipal levels in their work to prevent and prepare for crises. The analyses provide information about types of incidents that can occur and the potential consequences of these events. In Sweden and Norway it is mandatory for local authorities to conduct risk and vulnerability analyses and use them as an input in thei

Some people react to smells or chemicals at levels far below toxicological thresholds with nonspecific symptoms, fear and social isolation. They may be diagnosed with multiple chemical sensitivity. There is no empirical evidence indicating that this condition is explained by toxicological mechanisms, even though a number of theories have been proposed. The authors of this review conclude that this

Background: Air pollution can increase the symptoms of asthma and has an acute effect on the number of emergency room visits and hospital admissions because of asthma, but little is known about the effect of air pollution on the number of primary health care (PHC) visits for asthma. Objective: To investigate the association between air pollution and the number of PHC visits for asthma in Scania, s