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Background: The widening socioeconomic gap in smoking during pregnancy remains a challenge to the Swedish antenatal care services. However, the influence of cultural factors in explaining the socioeconomic differences in smoking during pregnancy is not clear among the immigrant women. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the development of smoking prevalence among pregnant immigrant wo

Two high-k dielectric materials (Al2O3 and HfO2) were deposited on n-type (100) and (110) InAs surface orientations to investigate physical properties of the oxide/semiconductor interfaces and the interface trap density (D-it). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses (XPS) for native oxides of (100) and (110) as-grown n-InAs epi wafers show an increase in As-oxide on the (100) surface and an inc

Background: Low blood levels of vitamin D (25-hydroxy D3, 25OHD3) in women have been associated with an increased risk of several diseases. A large part of the population may have suboptimal 25OHD3 levels but high-risk groups are not well known. The aim of the present study was to identify determinants for serum levels of 25OHD3 in women, i.e. factors such as lifestyle, menopausal status, diet and

One classical feature of cancer cells is their metabolic acquisition of a highly glycolytic phenotype. Carbon monoxide (CO), one of the products of the cytoprotective molecule heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in cancer cells, has been implicated in carcinogenesis and therapeutic resistance. However, the functional contributions of CO and HO-1 to these processes are poorly defined. In human prostate cancers

Background: It is well established that drinking alcohol raises the risk of liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma). However, it has not been sufficiently established as to whether or not drinking cessation subsequently reduces the risk of liver cancer and if it does reduce the risk how long it takes for this heightened risk to fall to that of never drinkers. This question is important for effecti

In the growth of nanoscale device structures, the ultimate goal is atomic-level precision. By growing III-V nanowires in a transmission electron microscope, we measured the local kinetics in situ as each atomic plane was added at the catalyst-nanowire growth interface by the vapor-liquid-solid process. During growth of gallium phosphide nanowires at typical V/III ratios, we found surprising fluctu

There have been extensive discussions in academic circles of why some countries develop into welfare states while others do not. Two main factors mentioned in these discussions are economic growth and the need for political stability. In these discussions, the example of Sweden, where the welfare state allegedly emerged from a ‘culture of consensus’, has often been treated as an historic exception

This letter reports on room-temperature electrical measurements of a Au/Ti-HfO2-InP/InGaAs diode fabricated by atomic layer deposition and electron beam lithography. At forward bias voltages, the diode shows memristor characteristics, whereas at reverse bias voltages, the diode can be characterized as a memcapacitor. A parasitic accumulation layer of charges formed at the high-kappa oxide/InP inte

People’s accumulated local capacity is increasingly recognized to be critical in enhancing disaster resilience and transformation. Nevertheless, citizens’ coping strategies are little known or documented, and hardly considered in city authorities’ and aid organizations’ work. Against this background, this study provides an overview and systematization of citizens’ strategies to cope with increasin

Risk and Interdependencies in Critical Infrastructures Springer Series in Reliability Engineering 2012, pp 49-65 Modelling, Simulation and Vulnerability Analysis of Interdependent Technical Infrastructures Jonas Johansson, Henrik Hassel … show all 2 hide » Download Book (7 380 KB) As a courtesy to our readers, the eBook is provided DRM-free. However, please note that an invisible watermark has

The aim of this paper is to present a model for creating a more coherent concept, designed to meet the demands of the multidisciplinary field of Sociology of Law. This model is built on an ontological analysis that can incorporate different perspectives. The suggested analysis is mainly founded on the Aristotelian concepts of ‘essence’ and ‘accident.’ Thus, the method is concerned with distinguish

riskhantering, krishantering och lärande, tekniska infrasystems sårbarhet, risk- och sårbarhetsanalys, krishanteringssystem

This thesis presents investigations for the improvement of electrical contact and catalytical properties of two fungal redox enzymes, cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) and pyranose dehydrogenase (PDH), with electrodes and the use of the prepared electrodes as carbohydrate biosensors and in enzymatic biofuel cells. The performance of enzyme modified electrodes can be improved in two ways, by modifying

This study aimed to find out how the insulation of the footwear changes over one week of use. A thermal foot model with 8 measuring zones and 5 “sweat glands” was used for tests. A thin sock was donned on the model to allow better water distribution all over the foot surface. Four boots were tested over a period of 5 days. Each day was divided into 9 hour measurement period and 15 hour conditionin