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Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) systems can potentially aid the diagnostic pathway of prostate cancer by alleviating the increasing workload, preventing overdiagnosis, and reducing the dependence on experienced radiologists. We aimed to investigate the performance of AI systems at detecting clinically significant prostate cancer on MRI in comparison with radiologists using the Prostate Im

The ring-like peripheral light-harvesting complex 2 (LH2) expressed by many phototrophic purple bacteria is a popular model system in biological light-harvesting research due to its robustness, small size, and known crystal structure. Furthermore, the availability of structural variants with distinct electronic structures and optical properties has made this group of light harvesters an attractive

Disadvantaged areas may prompt or force older people to relocate due to a lack of services, the presence of crime, and area unattractiveness, but knowledge in this area is insufficient. The aim was to investigate whether older adults living in different types of disadvantaged areas in Sweden were considering moving away from the area, and to explore similarities and differences in underlying resid

2H-NbS2 is a classic example of an anisotropic multiband superconductor, with significant recent work focusing on the interesting responses seen when high magnetic fields are applied precisely parallel to the hexagonal niobium planes. It is often contrasted with its sister compound 2H-NbSe2 because they have similar onset temperatures for superconductivity, but 2H-NbS2 has no charge density wave w

Air pollution is an environmental factor associated with an increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s, characterized by decreased cognitive abilities and memory. The limited models of sporadic Alzheimer’s disease fail to replicate all pathological hallmarks of the disease, making it challenging to uncover potential environmental causes. Environmentally drive

Background and purpose — Concerns exist regarding the generalizability of results from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (APM) to treat degenerative meniscus tears. It has been suggested that study populations are not representative of subjects selected for surgery in daily clinical practice. There-fore, we aimed to compare patients included in trials

This work examines the influence of applied external voltage in bulk electrolysis on the excited-state properties of 8′-apo-β-carotenal in acetonitrile by steady-state and ultrafast time-resolved absorption spectroscopy. The data collected under bulk electrolysis were compared with those taken without applied voltage. The steady-state measurements showed that although intensity of the S0-S2 absorp

The use of metal and metal oxide nanomaterials (NMs) is experiencing a significant surge in popularity due to their distinctive structures and properties, making them highly attractive for a wide range of applications. This increases the risks of their potential negative impact on organisms if dispersed into the environment. Information about their behavior and transformation upon environmental in

This work introduces the high-energy surface X-ray diffraction analysis toolkit (HAT), an open-source cross-platform software package written in Python to allow the extraction and processing of high-energy surface X-ray diffraction (HESXRD) data sets. Thousands of large-area detector images are collected in a single HESXRD scan, corresponding to billions of pixels and hence reciprocal space positi

Hydrodynamic cavitation is useful in many processing applications, for example, in chemical reactors, water treatment and biochemical engineering. An important type of hydrodynamic cavitation that occurs in a Venturi tube is vortex cavitation known to cause luminescence whose intensity is closely related to the size and number of cavitation events. However, the mechanistic origins of bubbles const

In this study, the long-term mortality effects associated with exposure to PM10 (particles with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than or equal to 10 µm), PM2.5 (particles with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than or equal to 2.5 µm), BC (black carbon), and NOx (nitrogen oxides) were analyzed in a cohort in southern Sweden during the period from 1991 to 2016. Participants (those residing in Malmö, S

Preventing relapse into violence and its destructive consequences among persistent re-offenders is a primary concern in forensic settings. The Risk-Need-Responsivity framework models the best current practice for offender treatment, focused on building skills and changing pro-criminal cognitions. However, treatment effects are often modest, and the forensic context can obstruct the delivery of int

In this Letter, we manipulate the phase shift of a Josephson junction using a parallel double quantum dot (QD). By employing a superconducting quantum interference device, we determine how orbital hybridization and detuning affect the current-phase relation in the Coulomb blockade regime. For weak hybridization between the QDs, we find π junction characteristics if at least one QD has an unpaired

CuInSe2 (CISe) quantum dots (QDs) have shown promising applications in photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells due to their nontoxicity, high extinction coefficient, and wide optical absorption range; however, their low PEC performance prevents their applications due to insufficient charge carrier separation and severe charge recombination. Herein, CISe/CuInS2 (CISe/CIS) core/shell structured QDs are des

We propose a single-shot, high-repetition rate measurement scheme of the carrier-envelope phase offset of ultrashort laser pulses. The spectral fringes resulting from f-2f nonlinear interferometry, encoding the carrier-envelope-phase, are evaluated completely optically via an optical Fourier transform. For demonstration, the carrier-envelope-phase of a 200 kHz, few-cycle optical parametric chirped

We report confocal microscopy experiments of electric-field-driven crystal-crystal transformations in microgel colloids with varying particle softness. The transformation kinetics are well described by phenomenological nucleation and growth theory. Using a spatial projection formalism, we determine local susceptibilities to affine shear deformation and nonaffine defect formation in the parent crys

Advancing ultrafast high-repetition-rate lasers to shortest pulse durations comprising only a few optical cycles while pushing their energy into the multi-millijoule regime opens a route toward terawatt-class peak powers at unprecedented average power. We explore this route via efficient post-compression of high-energy 1.2 ps pulses from an ytterbium InnoSlab laser to 9.6 fs duration using gas-fil

Monitoring the microstructure and damage development of fibre-reinforced composites during loading is crucial to understanding their mechanical properties. Time-resolved X-ray computed tomography enables such an in-situ, non-destructive study. However, the photon flux and fibre-matrix contrast limit its achievable spatial and temporal resolution. In this paper, we push the limits of temporal and s

We introduce the use of correlative third-harmonic generation and multiphoton-induced luminescence microscopy to investigate the impact of manganese (Mn) doping to bismuth (Bi)-based perovskite-inspired nanocrystal thin films. The technique was found to be extremely sensitive to the microscopic features of the perovskite film and its structural compositions, allowing the unambiguous detection of c