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BACKGROUND: Statins have been suggested to protect against breast cancer risk, but the observational evidence is inconclusive. We examined the association between statin use and breast cancer incidence among women at higher risk of breast cancer due to a history of benign breast disease (BBD).METHODS: Using Danish registries, we identified cancer-free women aged ≥50 years during 1996-2018 with a h

The chemical forms of zinc in fly ash from municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) crucially affect ash management, influencing both material recovery options and the risk of unwanted leaching into ecosystems. The zinc speciation was investigated in fly ash samples sourced from full-scale MSWI plants, including four grate fired boilers (GB) and one fluidized bed boiler (FB). We applied X-ray Abs

Background Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a carcinogen. Exposure to Cr(VI) may occur in different industrial processes such as chrome plating and stainless steel welding. The aim of this study was to assess occupational exposure to Cr(VI) in Denmark. Methods This cross-sectional study included 28 workers and 8 apprentices with potential Cr(VI) exposure and 24 within company controls, all recruite

A photoelectron, emitted due to the absorption of light quanta as described by the photoelectric effect, is often characterized experimentally by a classical quantity, its momentum. However, since the photoelectron is a quantum object, its rigorous characterization requires the reconstruction of the complete quantum state, the photoelectron’s density matrix. Here we use quantum-state tomography to

Radiolabeled targeting agents have emerged as valuable tools for the treatment of disseminated cancer. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are widely employed as carriers for diagnostic and therapeutic radionuclides due to their exceptional specificity and affinity. However, their prolonged circulatory half-life can diminish diagnostic efficacy and increase radiation exposure to non-target tissues in the

The emission spectra from the ablation of airborne alumina nanoparticles by a 532 nm nanosecond pulsed laser are investigated to clarify the underlying mechanism and the applicability of different laser diagnostic techniques such as the laser-induced incandescence (LII) and the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The particles were observed to be completely ablated above the laser fluence

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technology can detect molecular information; Because of its high sensitivity, it is widely used in chemical analysis. In this study discussed the experimental detection of 1,4-diethynylbenzene molecule based on SERS technology. The SERS spectra of 1,4-diethynylbenzene molecule were calculated by Density Functional Theory (DFT) simulation, and the results sh

INTRODUCTION: Trust in healthcare is central to the delivery of care and unequally distributed between groups in society. Experiences of perceived discrimination have been associated with lack of such trust. Although the importance of trust in healthcare has been highlighted in recent years, studies in this area are relatively scarce.MATERIALS AND METHODS: We investigated the risk of low trust in

We investigate experimentally the quantum coherence of an electronic two-level system in a double quantum dot under continuous charge detection. The charge state of the two-level system is monitored by a capacitively coupled single quantum dot detector that imposes a backaction effect on the system. The measured backaction is well described by an additional decoherence rate, approximately linearly

Combustion remains the primary process for energy supply in nowadays society. With the emerging of low-carbon fuels alongside traditional fossil fuels, the increased complexity of thermal-chemical conversion processes call for more accurate diagnostic tools. Compared to traditional offline measurement techniques which are often insufficient in providing precise information, advanced laser diagnost

Objective: To evaluate the effects of excluding fatty tissue in QSM of human knee cartilage. Materials and methods: Gradient echo images from 18 knee-healthy volunteers were acquired, from which chemical shift corrected field perturbation maps were calculated. Based on these, QSM maps were reconstructed using morphology enabled dipole inversion and one of three masking alternatives: (1) excluding

Correlated electron physics is intrinsically a multiscale problem, since high-energy electronic states screen the interactions between the correlated electrons close to the Fermi level, thereby reducing the magnitude of the interaction strength and dramatically shortening its range. Thus the handling of screening is an essential ingredient in the first-principles modeling of correlated electron sy

By combining ab initio downfolding with cluster dynamical mean-field theory, we study the degree of correlations in monolayer, bilayer, and bulk breathing-mode kagome van der Waals materials Nb3(F, Cl, Br, I)8. Our new material-specific many-body model library shows that in low-temperature bulk structures the Coulomb correlation strength steadily increases from I to Br, Cl, and F, allowing us to i

Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile genetic sequences comprising around 50% of human DNA. TEs shape gene regulatory networks in development, pluripotency and inflammation, and are implicated in a number of neurological disorders. Therefore, TEs are tightly controlled by epigenetic regulators which form a complex repressive network throughout different stages of development. However, while the r

Objective: There is a well-established association of oral manifestations in the non-infectious chronic diarrhoeal conditions namely, Morbus Crohn, ulcerative colitis, and coeliac disease. Such a connection may exist also for the remaining non-infectious chronic diarrhoeal conditions, that is irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and microscopic colitis (MC). Materials and methods: A systematic search wa

The concept of early vascular aging (EVA) was introduced to identify adults at risk of developing premature cardiovascular disease. EVA, or the dissociation between chronologic and biologic age of large arteries, is an evolving concept. In this review, we propose that EVA in youth characterizes the early life biological and environmental risk factors that precede overt EVA. During early infancy, c

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The treatment landscape for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) is evolving rapidly. Real-world data (RWD) are essential to understand actual treatment use and outcomes. This study aimed to describe treatment trajectories and clinical outcomes in a large, multicenter RWD cohort under the PIONEER project. METHODS: Eight European and US databases (2016-2020

Diffraction gratings are among the most fundamental optical elements. They are essential in ultrafast optics for manipulating the spectral phase of coherent ultrashort light pulses in grating stretchers, compressors, and pulse shapers. In this work, we have exploited an effect associated with diffraction from a single grating, which can produce large amounts of spatially dependent GDD. Leveraging

Photocatalysis has emerged as a promising technology for environmental remediation and sustainable energy production. This chapter provides a brief overview of the main definitions and recent advancements in photocatalysis using metal nanoparticles supported on metal oxides. The chapter also explores the photocatalytic mechanisms, highlighting the role of metal nanoparticles in providing alternati