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Human gut microbiota produce a variety of molecules, some of which enter the bloodstream and impact health. Conversely, dietary or pharmacological compounds may affect the microbiota before entering the circulation. Characterization of these interactions is an important step towards understanding the effects of the gut microbiota on health. In this cross-sectional study, we used deep metagenomic s
We observe regular patterns emerging across multiple length scales with high-concentration DNA solutions in microfluidic pillar arrays at low Reynolds numbers and high Deborah numbers. Interacting vortices between pillars lead to long-range order in the form of large travelling waves consisting of DNA at high concentration and extension. Waves are formed in quadratic arrays of pillars, while rando
Rare-earth doped nanoparticles can exhibit narrow optical and spin linewidths at low temperatures. These outstanding properties for nanomaterials make them attractive for quantum technologies based on optically addressable spins such as quantum memories and computers. Although accurate linewidth measurements have been reported using, for example, spectral hole burning or photon echo techniques, so
BACKGROUND: Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is caused by low levels of or defects in C1 inhibitor. Although disease activity may be modified by prophylaxis, emergency treatment, treatment for comorbidities, and oral contraceptives, the extent of their use is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate trends in the use of disease-specific and interfering drugs in patients with HAE compared with the general pop
Background: Mechanical knee symptoms are often considered important in the decision to perform knee arthroscopy on the suspicion of a meniscal tear. We investigated if presence of a meniscal tear at knee arthroscopy in adults is associated with presence of preoperative self-reported mechanical knee symptoms. Methods: We used data from Knee Arthroscopy Cohort Southern Denmark (KACS). KACS consists
SPI1 (also known as PU.1) is a dominant but transient regulator in early T-cell precursors and a potent transcriptional controller of developmentally important pro-T-cell genes. Before T-lineage commitment, open chromatin is frequently occupied by PU.1, and many PU.1 sites lose accessibility when PU.1 is later down-regulated. Pioneering activity of PU.1 was tested in this developmentally dynamic c
Objective: To assess whether adding prostate volume to the kallikrein panel improves discrimination for ISUP Grade Group 2 or higher (GG2+) disease, as some men may have volume measurements available at the time of blood draw. While prostate volume predicts biopsy outcome, it requires an imaging procedure for measurement. The four kallikrein panel - commercially available as the 4Kscore - predicts
The use of animal models in Parkinson's disease research has been controversial in terms of how well they relate to the clinical condition and thus their utility for translating therapies from the lab to the clinic. In this article, two researchers debate this issue with Roger Barker taking the view that such models are not useful and may even be misleading, while Anders Björklund defends their us
PURPOSE: It has been suggested that a high intake of sugar or sweeteners may result in an unfavorable microbiota composition; however, evidence is lacking. Hence, in this exploratory epidemiological study, we aim to examine if intake of added sugar, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) or artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) associate with the gut microbiota composition.METHODS: Participants (18-70
Importance: Aortic stenosis (AS) has no approved medical treatment. Identifying etiological pathways for AS could identify pharmacological targets. Objective: To identify novel genetic loci and pathways associated with AS. Design, Setting, and Participants: This genome-wide association study used a case-control design to evaluate 44703 participants (3469 cases of AS) of self-reported European ance
Massive expansion of erythroid progenitor cells is essential for surviving anemic stress. Research towards understanding this critical process, referred to as stress-erythropoiesis, has been hampered due to the lack of specific marker-combinations enabling analysis of the distinct stress-progenitor cells capable of providing radioprotection and enhanced red blood cell production. Here we present a
Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a measure of the variability of erythrocyte volumes. RDW has been associated with incidence of cardiovascular diseases. However, the underlying mechanisms for the increased cardiovascular risk are still unclear. This study aimed to examine associations of RDW and coronary atherosclerosis in the general population. Computed tomography was performed and RDW was m
Background and purpose — Recent evidence has questioned the effect of arthroscopic knee surgery for middle-aged and older patients with degenerative meniscal tears with or without concomitant radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA). We investigated the prevalence of early or more established knee OA and patients’ characteristics in a cohort of patients undergoing arthroscopic surgery for a meniscal
BACKGROUND: Symptoms from throat (sensation of globus; frequent throat clearing; irritated throat) are common in patients referred to voice clinics and to ENT specialists. The relation to symptoms of voice discomfort is unclear and in some cases patients do not have voice problems at all. Instruments for patients' self-reporting of symptoms, and assessment of handicap, such as the Voice Handicap I
Cancer genome sequencing has shed light on the underlying genetic aberrations that drive tumorigenesis. However, current sequencing-based strategies, which focus on a single tumor biopsy, fail to take into account intratumoral heterogeneity. To address this challenge and elucidate the evolutionary history of melanoma, we performed whole-exome and transcriptome sequencing of 41 multiple melanoma bi
Purpose: The Extremely Preterm Infants in Sweden Study (EXPRESS) followed a national cohort of extremely preterm born (EPT, i.e. <27 weeks) children until 12 years of age. This study aimed to investigate the longitudinal development of visual acuity (VA) in children born EPT, explore the predictive value of early visual assessments, and evaluate risk factors for visual impairment at the age of 12
Pd-Ga alloy nanoparticles with tunable compositions were produced by combining spark ablation with a downstream injection of a metal-organic precursor. This dual-process approach enables control over nanoparticle composition and morphology by adjusting precursor flow rate and sintering temperature. At lower precursor flows, uniform Pd-Ga nanoparticles form, exhibiting stable Pd5Ga2 and Pd2Ga phase
By combining the quantitative advantage of laser absorption spectroscopy and the superior spatiotemporal resolution of high-speed microscopic imaging, we report, for the first time, the transient aluminum monoxide (AlO) concentration distribution around a burning micro-sized aluminum droplet in water-vapor-rich ambient. Arrangement of two lasers at resonant and non-resonant wavelengths, respective
Aluminum (Al), as a carbon-free energy source, features favorable characteristics regarding its production, transportation, utilization, and recyclability. The combustion of single Al particles mainly occurs as a vapor-phase diffusion flame, wherein the gas-phase combustion kinetics plays an important role. However, the understanding of the kinetics is still limited and rate constants for the same
