Filetype
The exhaustion doctrine (also known in some jurisdictions as the ''first sale doctrine See U.S. Copyright Code Section 109(a)'') is one of the basic rules of intellectual property (IP) system, and is applied to many IP rights, from copyright to trademark. The term ''exhaustion'' or ''first sale'' describes the concept of this rule, where, after the &
Vid en diskussion om nivån på den svenska bolagsskatten är det av stor vikt att avgöra huruvida diskussionen rör den nominella eller den effektiva skattesatsen. Den nominella skattesatsen uppgår till 28 procent och återfinns i 65 kap. 14 § IL. Den effektiva skattesatsen är däremot inte given utan kan i viss utsträckning påverkas, eftersom den bestäms genom att dividera skatt på årets resultat med
This essay investigates if NATO’s humanitarian intervention in Kosovo 1999 can be justified. To answer this question we use values like sovereignty, nonintervention, human rights and perspectives that are essential to the question. The perspectives used are two normative ethical perspectives and the Just War theory, which has some criteria’s for going to war and how war should be conducted. By usi
In this study I present a theoretical model based on Marx´s critique of political economy, specific readings of Marx´s work and the regulation approach. This model will be used to explain long waves and cycles in long term economic growth, creative destruction (i.e the relation between technological leaps and economic crisis) and the ways in which these processes correspond to institutional develo
This study aims to present the relationships between the European Commission and a member state of the European Union during two different phases of the enforcement process of EU legislation and to explain how these relationships change. The relationships are studied and presented using a simple Principal-Agent model, in which the two main figures change sides between the different phases. The res
Salinisation is a global issue which leads to desertification and soil degradation and exposure to salt is also known to inhibit microbial activity and plant growth. This study was conducted to determine the influence of salinity on microbial activity of a non- saline soil. By using Salt Induced Community Tolerance (SICT) concept I found that microbial community tolerance to salt can be induced in
The thesis concerns glycosyl transfer with use of b-glycosidases, most of them from hyperthermophilic organisms. Both optimisation of the reaction conditions and protein engineering in terms of site-directed mutagenesis were used to improve b-glycosidase-catalysed reactions. The first part of the work deals with conversion of lactose into valuable products such as galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) an
BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease is characterized by an abnormal increase of phosphorylated tau (pTau) species in the CSF. It has been suggested that emergence of different pTau forms may parallel disease progression. Therefore, targeting multiple specific pTau forms may allow for a deeper understanding of disease evolution and underlying pathophysiology. Current immunoassays measure pTau epitopes
The article investigates the reception of Carl Snoilsky’s Svenska bilder (Swedish Pictures) in Swedish schools, from the 1890s until today, in the light of the concept of cultural memory. For more than half a century, Snoilsky’s cycle of poems, depicting important events and figures in Sweden’s early modern history, belonged to the literary school canon; three special school editions were publisheThe article investigates the reception of Carl Snoilsky’s Svenska bilder (Swedish Pictures) in Swedish schools, from the 1890s until today, in the light of the concept of cultural memory. For more than half a century, Snoilsky’s cycle of poems, depicting important events and figures in Sweden’s early modern history, belonged to the literary school canon; three special school editions were publishe
BACKGROUND: Mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) from diffusion MRI (dMRI) have been associated with cell density and tissue anisotropy across tumors, but it is unknown whether these associations persist at the microscopic level.PURPOSE: To quantify the degree to which cell density and anisotropy, as determined from histology, account for the intra-tumor variability of MD and FA in
BACKGROUND. The reported prevalence of serious bacterial infections (SBI: urinary tract infection (UTI), bacteremia, and meningitis) among febrile infants ≤60 days of age varies from 8% to 23%. There are indications that the prevalence of infections differs between the sexes. Infants with fever at home but afebrile at the pediatric emergency department (PED) might have a lower risk of SBIs. Furthe
Non-traditional stable isotope systems are increasingly used to study micronutrient cycling and acquisition in terrestrial ecosystems. We previously proposed for zinc (Zn) a conceptual model linking observed isotope signatures and fractionations to biogeochemical processes occurring in the rice soil environment and we suggested that 2’deoxymugineic acid (DMA) could play an important role for rice
Since the 1980s, financial deregulation and welfare cuts have driven an economic risk shift, requiring individuals to take greater financial responsibility through private savings in stocks and mutual funds. An unexplored aspect of this “financialization of everyday life” is the personal finance advice provided by experts employed by banks and other market-oriented actors. This study examines fina
BACKGROUND: Neurological disorders are increasingly recognised as major causes of death and disability worldwide. The aim of this analysis from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2016 is to provide the most comprehensive and up-to-date estimates of the global, regional, and national burden from neurological disorders.METHODS: We estimated prevalence, incidence, d
BACKGROUND: Timely assessment of the burden of HIV/AIDS is essential for policy setting and programme evaluation. In this report from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 (GBD 2015), we provide national estimates of levels and trends of HIV/AIDS incidence, prevalence, coverage of antiretroviral therapy (ART), and mortality for 195 countries and territories from 1980 to 2015.METHODS: For countri
Abstract [Bryophyes in base-rich fens in Skåne, southern-most Sweden, now and in the past] Over the last centuries, due to the combined effects of drainage, cultivation, eutrophication and overgrowth, the majority of all tree-less base-rich fens that were once found in Skåne have been lost and the typical species of these habitats have suffered accordingly. Here, the past and present distribution Abstract [Bryophyes in base-rich fens in Skåne, southern-most Sweden, now and in the past] Over the last centuries, due to the combined effects of drainage, cultivation, eutrophication and overgrowth, the majority of all tree-less base-rich fens that were once found in Skåne have been lost and the typical species of these habitats have suffered accordingly. Here, the past and present distribution
Importance: Prenatal exposure to phthalates has been associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes, but little is known about the association with language development. Objective: To examine the association of prenatal phthalate exposure with language development in children in 2 population-based pregnancy cohort studies. Design, Setting, and Participants: Data for this study were obtained from the
The aim of the present study was to examine mean HbA1c and blood pressure levels during a 5 year period in 442 type 1 adult diabetic patients in relation to the incidence and progression of retinopathy, nephropathy and to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The study showed, that in patients under routine care at a diabetic unit with four visits to the out-patient clinic per year, the intraind
Efforts are on the way on the Swedish West Coast to develop the capacity for cultivation of marine resources, notably of kelps. Given that this is a region of great natural and national heritage, public opposition to marine developments has been identified as a possible risk factor. This survey thus sought to shed light on awareness levels, perceptions of different types of aquaculture and on reac
Context. Parallaxes for 331 classical Cepheids, 31 Type II Cepheids, and 364 RR Lyrae stars in common between Gaia and the Hipparcos and Tycho-2 catalogues are published in Gaia Data Release 1 (DR1) as part of the Tycho-Gaia Astrometric Solution (TGAS). Aims. In order to test these first parallax measurements of the primary standard candles of the cosmological distance ladder, which involve astrom
