Filetype
The staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) are secreted by the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and are the most common causative agent in staphylococcal food poisoning. The staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) has been associated with large staphylococcal food poisoning outbreaks, but newer identified SEs, like staphylococcal enterotoxin H (SEH) has recently been shown to be present at similar levels as S
Dutch elm disease (DED), caused by the fungi Ophiostoma ulmi and O. novo-ulmi, has reduced elm populations severely in Europe and North America. Breeding programmes are in action to find less susceptible elm varieties suitable for re-establishing elm stands. Bark beetles, mainly Scolytus spp., are the only known natural vectors of DED. During twig feeding, beetles transfer Ophiostoma spores to hea
The paper presents an interdisciplinary study in the field of automatic gender and age identification, under the scope of sociolinguistic knowledge on gendered and age linguistic choices that social media users make. The authors investigated and gathered standard and novel text features used in text mining approaches on the author’s demographic information and profiling and they examined their eff
Context. With the aid of stellar abundance analysis, it is possible to study the galactic formation and evolution. Magnesium is an important element to trace the α-element evolution in our Galaxy. For chemical abundance analysis, such as magnesium abundance, accurate and complete atomic data are essential. Inaccurate atomic data lead to uncertain abundances and prevent discrimination between diffe
We point out that official forecasts of output dynamics are crucial to the assessment of cyclically adjusted budget balances, and provide evidence that in some euro-area countries biased forecasts have played a thus far neglected role in generating excessive deficits. We suggest that the forecast bias may be politically motivated, and that forecasts produced by an independent authority would be be
This study offers a method for empirically testing theories operationalized in the form of multivariate statistical models. An innovation of the method is that it distinguishes testing into three separate forms, “effect testing,” “prediction testing,” and “theory testing,”where statistical significance plays a separate role in each one. In another innovation, the researcher specifies not only his
This chapter provides the conceptual and contextual backdrop for the case studies in this volume. The chapter discusses some of the challenges that the world is currently confronting in addition to environmental degradation and climate change: rising income and wealth concentration, with social exclusion and the marginalization of many segments of the population. This is a trend in developed and d
The use of 18S rDNA sequences for inferring phylogenies, in particular for higher taxonomic level analysis, has a long tradition in phycology. Similar to ITS2, the 18S rDNA displays a conserved secondary structure that could be used simultaneously with the primary sequence to increase the amount of information used when inferring phylogenetic relationships. Sequence-structure phylogenetics is alre
Over the past decade, the advances in grating-based soft X-ray spectrometers have revolutionizedthe soft X-ray spectroscopies in materials research. However, these novel spectrometers are mostlydedicated designs, which cannot be easily adopted for applications with diverging demands. Here wepresent a versatile spectrometer design concept based on the Hettrick-Underwood optical scheme thatuses modu
Irradiating a flame via microwave radiation is a plasma-assisted combustion (PAC) technology that can be used to modify the combustion chemical kinetics in order to improve flame stability and to delay lean blow-out. One practical implication is that combustion engines may be able to operate with leaner fuel mixtures and have an improved fuel flexibility capability including biofuels. Furthermore,
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common in older adults, and its burden is expected to increase in older populations. Even if the knowledge on the approach to older patient with CKD is still evolving, current guidelines for pharmacological management of CKD does not include specific recommendations for older patients. Additionally, decision-making on renal replacement therapy (RRT) for older patien
We consider optimal channel shortener design for reduced-state soft-output Viterbi equalizer (RS-SOVE) in singlecarrier (SC) systems. To use RS-SOVE, three receiver filters need to be designed: a prefilter, a target response and a feedback filter. The collection of these three filters are commonly referred to as the “channel shortener”. Conventionally, the channel shortener is designed to transfor
The borehole thermal resistance is both an important design parameter and a key performance characteristic of a borehole heat exchanger. Another quantity that is particularly important for deep borehole heat exchangers is the internal thermal resistance between the upward-flowing and downward-flowing fluid channels in the borehole. The multipole method is a well-known and robust method to compute
AbstractBackground Mitral regurgitation (MR) has many etiologies; the most common is degenerative disease. If not corrected, severe MR may cause left and right ventricular heart failure. Mitral valve (MV) repair is the gold standard for treatment of MR. All repair techniques include MV annuloplasty, but various techniques are employed to repair the valvular apparatus. The classical technique of le
ESS, the European Spallation Source, will be a major user facility at which researchers from academia and industry will investigate scientific questions using neutron beams. ESS will deliver its protons to a solid, rotating tungsten target, which will in turn generate neutrons. A linear accelerator (Linac) creates protons at the ion source, accelerates them to an appropriate energy and steers them
Almost half of all lower leg amputations are performed in patients with diabetes. In over 70 per cent of these cases, amputation is precipitated by progression of foot ulceration to deep gangrenous infection. Most foot ulcers are preceded by trauma, usually due to ill-fitting shoes, and are precipitated by sensory motor neuropathy with varying degrees of peripheral vascular disease. The Swedish Me
With the RB3-LAND setup at GSI we have measured exclusive relative-energy spectra of the Coulomb dissociation of C18 at a projectile energy around 425A MeV on a lead target, which are needed to determine the radiative neutron-capture cross sections of C17 into the ground state of C18. Those data have been used to constrain theoretical calculations for transitions populating excited states in C18.
