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The redox behavior of two synthetic manganese complexes illustrates a mechanistic aspect of importance for light-driven water oxidation in Photosystem 11 (PSII) and design of biomimetic systems (artificial photosynthesis). The coupling between changes in oxidation state and structural changes was investigated for two binuclear manganese complexes (1 and 2), which differ in the set of first sphere

Escherichia coli TolA is a cytoplasmic membrane protein required for outer membrane integrity and the translocation of F-specific filamentous (Ff) bacteriophage DNA. Both phage infection and membrane integrity depend on several TolA interactions, e.g. those of the TolA C-terminal domain (TolAIII). Membrane integrity involves interaction with two host proteins and phage translocation requires direc

Objective. The popliteal artery is, after the aorta, the most common site for aneurysm formation. Why the popliteal artery is more susceptible than other peripheral muscular arteries is unknown. An important factor may be differences in arterial wall composition as compared with other peripheral muscular arteries, which in turn affect wall properties. These are however unknown. We studied the mech

The potential of mean force (PMF) acting between two simple ions surrounded by SPC/E water have been determined by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using a spherical cavity approach. Such effective ion-ion potentials were obtained for Me-Me, Me-Cl-, and Cl--Cl- pairs, where Me is a Li+, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+ cation. The ionic sizes estimated from the effective potentials are not p

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The pine sawfly, Diprion jingyuanensis Xiao et Zhang, is a serious pest of Chinese pine (Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.) in the northern parts of China. The general biology of this recently described sawfly species is little known and in the present study we used a synthetic pheromone to monitor its flight period and to evaluate the possibility to use pheromone traps as a tool for estimating and predic

Three different kinds of glassy carbon (GC-R, GC-K, GC-G) were equally pretreated, further modified with electrochemically deposited Prussian Blue and used as sensors for hydrogen peroxide at an applied potential of -50 mV (vs. Ag|AgCl). Their performance was evaluated with respect to the following parameters: the coverage and electrochemistry of the electrodeposited Prussian Blue, the sensitivity

Pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) has gained wide acceptance for the extraction of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) from various environmental and biological matrices. This extraction technique was developed to shorten the extraction step, since this is one of the most time-consuming steps in many analytical procedures. When POPs enter the food chain, as in a number of recent food crises, th

Continues positive airway pressure (CPAP) is recommended for treatment of sleep apnoea (SA) in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) but is not easily tolerated resulting in poor patient compliance. Mandibular advancement device (MAD) is designed to inhibit pharyngeal airway (PAW) obstruction and may be a valuable alternative. It has been proposed that MAD exerts its effect by increasing PA

Resonant and normal Auger electron spectra associated with an O1s initial vacancy of the O-2 molecule have been recorded using photon energies of 541.80, 541.97 and 650 eV. The resonant Auger spectra obtained at 541.80 and 541.97 eV are interpreted as composed essentially of two characteristic parts, one between 10 and 35 eV binding energy reminiscent to direct photoionisation, and another, above

Heparan sulfate 3-O-sulfotransferase transfers sulfate to the 3-OH position of a glucosamine residue of heparan sulfate (HS) to form 3-O-sulfated HS. The 3-O-sulfated glucosamine residue contributes to two important biological functions of HS: binding to antithrombin and thereby carrying anticoagulant activity, and binding to herpes simplex viral envelope glycoprotein D to serve as an entry recept

The use of beam data for open photon fields when calculating absorbed dose distributions for beams with wedge filters has been studied. The depth doses for beams with wedge filters are changed through beam hardening and the dose maximum can be shifted; both these changes result in errors in the final dose calculations of several per cent if open beam data are used. The errors are larger for 6 MV t

So far, the use of epostane, a relatively new inhibitor of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/delta 5-delta 4 isomerase enzyme system (3 beta-HSD), has been confined to short-term interference with luteal and placental function. This study explored whether epostane treatment from the beginning of the cycle for approximately 1 month would also inhibit ovarian follicular function. Twenty females wi

Methods for facile synthesis of symmetric and unsymmetric functionalized analogues of Tröger's base were developed with use of 2,8-dibromo-6H,12H-5,11-methanodibenzo[b,f][1,5]diazocine (2) as the starting material. C(2)-symmetric 2,8-disubstituted analogues of Tröger's base (4a-f) were synthesized via double bromine-lithium exchange of 2 followed by quench with electrophiles. Desymmetrization via

Forty-three strains of group B streptococci (GBS) of types Ia, Ib, II and III were tested for susceptibility to chlorhexidine in concentrations ranging from 256 to 0.25 mg/l using the agar and tube dilution methods. The strains showed minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 0.5 to 1 mg/l. Serum added to the test medium (50%) increased the MIC values to 4-8 mg/l, while amniotic f