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A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach based on the finite element method (FEM) is used to investigate a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). Governing equations for heat, gas-phase species, electron, ion and momentum transport are implemented and coupled to kinetics describing electrochemical as well as internal reforming reactions. The model cell design is based on a cell from
Dyskinesias represent a major complication of dopamine replacement therapy in Parkinson's disease (PD) and have prompted a search for alternative treatments. The most radical advances in this field have been provided by surgical manipulations of the deep basal ganglia nuclei, and particularly by deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN). Although being very effective, high-freq
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the radiosensitivity of the prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP, DU145, and PC3 when irradiated with beta particles emitted from (177)Lu, and to compare the effect with irradiation using alpha particles or gamma rays.
Most of the main features of water oxidation in photosystem II are now well understood, including the mechanism for O-O bond formation. For the intermediate S2 and S3 structures there is also nearly complete agreement between quantum chemical modeling and experiments. Given the present high degree of consensus for these structures, it is of high interest to go back to previous suggestions concerni
More scheduled outdoor stay is increasingly advocated for school children. This study measured 2(nd) , 5(th) and 8(th) graders' erythemal UV-exposure in September, March and May at four Swedish schools. We related those exposures, as fractions of total available ambient radiation, to the schools outdoor environments differing in amount of shade, vegetation, and peripheral city-scape quantified as
This essay contextualises the recent controversy about the Canadian Museum for Human Rights (CMHR), which opened in September 2014 in Winnipeg, Manitoba, by documenting the background shadowing the campaigns spearheaded by the Ukrainian Canadian Civil Liberties Association and the Ukrainian Canadian Congress against CMHR advisory board plans to install a permanent gallery devoted to the Holocaust.
Background: Adequate bowel preparation prior to colonic diagnostic procedures is essential to ensure adequate visualisation. Scope: This consensus aims to provide guidance as to the appropriate use of bowel preparation for a range of defined clinical circumstances. A consensus group from across Europe was convened and met to discuss appropriate bowel preparation. The use of polyethylene glycol (PE
Supplemental Instruction (SI) can be an efficient way of improving student success in difficult courses. Here, a study is made on SI attached to difficult first-year engineering courses. The results show that both the percentage of students passing a difficult first-year engineering course, and scores on the course exams are considerably higher for students attending SI, compared to students not attendi
Successful further development of superhigh-constrast upconversion (UC) bioimaging requires addressing the existing paradox: 980 nm laser light is used to excite upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), while 980 nm light has strong optical absorption of water and biological specimens. The overheating caused by 980 nm excitation laser light in UC bioimaging is computationally and experimentally investi
The role of thalidomide for previously untreated elderly patients with multiple myeloma remains unclear. Six randomized controlled trials, launched in or after 2000, compared melphalan and prednisone alone (MP) and with thalidomide (MPT). The effect on overall survival (OS) varied across trials. We carried out a meta-analysis of the 1685 individual patients in these trials. The primary endpoint wa
The study investigates the extent to which the perceived physical environmental quality of housing facilities for people with severe mental illness accounts for perceived social environmental quality. Twenty facilities were assessed by people with psychiatric disabilities (residents), staff, and experts with regard to the physical environmental aspects of visual pleasantness, indirect environmenta
Tissue factor (TF)-mediated protease activated receptor (PAR)-2 signaling is associated with a pro-migratory, invasive and pro-angiogenic phenotype in experimental models of breast cancer, and has been mechanistically coupled to phosphorylation of the TF cytoplasmic domain (pTF). However, the clinical relevance of these findings are unknown. Here, we provide first in vivo evidence of TF phosphoryl
Purpose. The overall purpose was to study whether and how persons with blindness detect warning surfaces with a long white cane in a real pedestrian environment after following a natural guidance surface to the warning surfaces. Of particular interest was the importance of kerb, depth, and structure of the warning surfaces. Method. A concurrently mixed methods approach, with a combination of obser
This paper presents direct numerical simulation studies of lean CH4/air and H-2/air flames at high Karlovitz numbers utilizing detailed chemical kinetic mechanisms. Identical Karlovitz numbers are applied to the two flames; however, as the interaction of high turbulence intensity small scale structures with the reaction zones is considered, a significant difference in the effect of the turbulence
This Letter presents a search for pair production of heavy down-type quarks decaying via b' -> Wt in the lepton + jets channel, as b'(b) over bar' -> W(-)tW(+)(t) over bar -> b (b) over barW(+)W(-)W(+)W- -> l(+/-) nu b (b) over barq (q) over barq (q) over barq ($) over barq. In addition to requiring exactly one lepton, large missing transverse momentum, and at least six jets, the invariant mass of
This study investigated the relationship between the absorbed dose to the lens of the eye and the absorbed dose at different measurement positions near the eye of interventional radiologists. It also visualised the dose distribution inside the head, both when protective eyewear were used and without such protection. The best position for an eye lens dosimeter was found to be at the side of the hea
Measurements of fiducial and differential cross sections are presented for Higgs boson production in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of TeV. The analysis is performed in the H -> gamma gamma decay channel using 20.3 fb(-1) of data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The signal is extracted using a fit to the diphoton invariant mass spectrum assum
Results of a search for decays of massive particles to fully hadronic final states are presented. This search uses 20.3 fb(-1) of data collected by the ATLAS detector in root s = 8 TeV proton-proton collisions at the LHC. Signatures based on high jet multiplicities without requirements on the missing transverse momentum are used to search for R-parity-violating supersymmetric gluino pair productio
Adults with repaired tetralogy of Fallot and significant chronic pulmonary regurgitation are at risk for progressive right ventricular (RV) dilatation and dysfunction. The assessment of RV function is important in the management in these patients. There is still a lack of an adequate geometric model to quantify RV function by echocardiography. The myocardial performance index (MPI) is a nonvolumet
