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Dropwise condensation has drawn significant attention due to its efficient heat transfer performance compared to filmwise condensation. In this paper, typical experimental data for dropwise condensation on smooth hydrophobic surfaces were collected as well as the typical available heat transfer models. The comparisons between the prediction results and the experimental data indicated that the exis
Inflammatory and cardiovascular biomarkers have been associated with obesity, but little is known about how they change upon dietary intervention and concomitant weight loss. Further, protein biomarkers might be useful for predicting weight loss in overweight and obese individuals. We performed secondary analyses in the Diet Intervention Examining The Factors Interacting with Treatment Success (DI
After demonstration of a 23% power conversion efficiency, a high operational stability is the next most important scientific and technological challenge in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). A potential failure mechanism is tied to a bias-induced ion migration, which causes current–voltage hysteresis and a decay in the device performance over time. Herein, alkali salts are shown to mitigate hysteresis
The structural features of the matrix surrounding the cells play a crucial role in regulating their behavior. Here, we used fluorescence microscopy and customized analysis algorithms to characterize the architecture of fibrous hydrogel networks. As a model system, we investigated a new class of synthetic biomimetic material, hydrogels prepared from polyisocyanides. Our results show that these synt
Preliminary published data depicts a much greater prevalence of malewith laboratory-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) referred for intensive care unit admission and severe sequelae in several countries. In this context, males seem to not only be more susceptible to the infection compared to female subjects, at least in western countries, but their case fatality
Background: Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is the most serious total joint arthroplasty (TJA) complication despite several aseptic and antiseptic preventive measures. There is no clear evidence or even consensus, whether antibiotic-loaded bone cement (ALBC) should be used, in addition to systemic short-term routine antibiotic prophylaxis, to reduce the risk of PJI in primary TJA. We aimed to ana
BACKGROUND: Patellofemoral arthroplasty (PFA) is one option for the treatment of isolated patellofemoral osteoarthritis, but there are limited data regarding the procedure and results. Because isolated patellofemoral arthritis is relatively uncommon, available case series generally are small, and even within national registries, sample sizes are limited. Combining data from multiple registries may
Photocatalytic water splitting has become a promising strategy for converting solar energy into clean and carbon-neutral solar fuels in a low-cost and environmentally benign way. Hydrogen gas is such a potential solar fuel/energy carrier. In a classical artificial photosynthetic system, a photosensitizer is generally associated with a co-catalyst to convert photogenerated charge into (a) chemical
This study sets out to investigate the effect of the presence of small water-soluble additives on the tunability of the surfactant gel-to-liquid crystalline (Lß-La) phase transition temperature (Tm) for a bilayer-forming cationic surfactant and the phase behavior of such surfactant systems on dilution. This is strongly driven by the fact that this type of cationic surfactant has many interesting u
Background: In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), both the time needed for patients to gain symptom improvement with long-acting bronchodilator therapy and whether an early response is predictive of a sustained response is unknown. This study aimed to investigate how quickly meaningful symptom responses are seen in patients with COPD with bronchodilator therapy and whether these respons
Objective: Observational studies point to an inverse correlation between low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels and risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), but it remains unclear whether this association is causal. We tested the hypothesis that genetically elevated LDL is associated with reduced risk of ICH. Methods: We constructed one polygenic risk score (PRS) per lipid trait (total ch
Magnetic hysteresis is a direct manifestation of nonequilibrium physics that has to be understood if a system is to be used for information storage and processing. The dilanthanide endofullerene Tb2ScN@C80 is shown to be a single-molecule magnet with a remanence time on the order of 100 s at 400 mK. Three different temperature-dependent relaxation barriers are discerned. The lowest 1 K barrier is
Background/Aims: Prospective data on age-related changes in kidney function are required, especially since the current Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) definition has been suggested to classify a large number of elderly people with CKD. Objective: This study, a complement to our previous Cr-based study in the same cohort, is aimed at evaluating cystatin C (cysC)-based changes in ki
Aims: To analyse days absent from work related to individual microvascular, macrovascular and other complications of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and to identify key drivers of absence. Materials and methods: National health and socio-economic individual-level data were analysed for the years 1997 to 2016 for people with T2D, and age-, sex- and residential region-matched controls (5:1) using linkage to S
Grazing-incidence x-ray diffraction was employed to measure, operando, during electrochemical hydrogen charging, the lattice strain development of the near-surface in super duplex stainless steel under applied tensile load. Hydrogen absorption led to the formation of tensile strains in both the austenite (γ) and ferrite (δ) phases perpendicular to the loading axis, whereas compressive strains were
In this paper, a corrugated plate heat exchanger in solar energy systems is used to investigate heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics of various nanofluids. By adding various nanoparticles (Al2O3-30 nm, SiC-40 nm, CuO-30 nm and Fe3O4-25 nm) into the base fluid, effects of nanofluid types and particle concentrations (0.05 wt.%, 0.1 wt.%, 0.5 wt.% and 1.0 wt.%) on the thermal performance of t
During the rapid rise in COVID-19 illnesses and deaths globally, and notwithstanding recommended precautions, questions are voiced about routes of transmission for this pandemic disease. Inhaling small airborne droplets is probable as a third route of infection, in addition to more widely recognized transmission via larger respiratory droplets and direct contact with infected people or contaminate
Objective: The objective was to investigate associations between the General Health Questionnaire with twelve sub-items (GHQ-12) and prospective five-year suicide mortality. The two commonly used GHQ-12 cut-offs (2/3 and 3/4) were analyzed. Method: The 2008 public health survey, which was conducted in the autumn of 2008 in Scania, southern Sweden, is based on a postal questionnaire answered by 28,
