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Background: Giant cell arteritis (GCA; sometimes referred to as temporal arteritis) and polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) are common and interrelated inflammatory conditions that almost exclusively affect adults older than 50 years. There is a need for updated information on the epidemiology of these diseases. Objective: This systematic literature review (SLR) aims to summarize current evidence regardi
Using observational data to assess the treatment effects on outcomes of kidney transplantation relative to dialysis for patients on renal replacement therapy is challenging due to the non-random selection into treatment. This study applied the propensity score weighting approach in order to address the treatment selection bias of kidney transplantation on survival time compared with dialysis for p
The advent of microfluidics in the 1990s promised a revolution in multiple industries from healthcare to chemical processing. Deterministic lateral displacement (DLD) is a continuous-flow microfluidic particle separation method discovered in 2004 that has been applied successfully and widely to the separation of blood cells, yeast, spores, bacteria, viruses, DNA, droplets, and more. Deterministic
Obesity rates are increasing globally, and recent theories suggest that phthalates may contribute to obesity development. This longitudinal study aimed to investigate associations between environmental phthalate exposure during childhood and obesity, utilizing data from 100 participants from a Swedish birth cohort. The participants were followed repeatedly from birth and provided spot urine sample
Introduction Breathlessness is common in the general population and associated with poorer health. Prevalence, frequencies and overlap of underlying contributing conditions among individuals reporting breathlessness in the general population is unclear. The aim was to evaluate which conditions that were prevalent, overlapping and associated with breathlessness in a middle-aged general population.
The photoionization of xenon atoms in the 70–100 eV range reveals several fascinating physical phenomena such as a giant resonance induced by the dynamic rearrangement of the electron cloud after photon absorption, an anomalous branching ratio between intermediate Xe+ states separated by the spin-orbit interaction and multiple Auger decay processes. These phenomena have been studied in the past, u
Abstract: The sintering of cubic boron nitride (cBN) based ceramic matrix materials with zirconium carbide and aluminum has been carried out under high pressures and temperatures. The performed study has revealed that the interaction between mixture components with the formation of a new phase, namely, zirconium diboride (ZrB2) occurs at sintering temperatures above 1750°C and an applied pressure
Background: In Scandinavia, there is a strong tradition for research and quality monitoring based on registry data. In Denmark, Norway and Sweden, 63 clinical registries collect data on disease characteristics, treatment and outcome of various cancer diagnoses and groups based on process-related and outcome-related variables. Aim: We describe the cancer-related clinical registries, compare organiz
Cost- and resource-efficient growth is necessary for many applications of semiconductor nanowires. We here present the design, operational details and theory behind Aerotaxy, a scalable alternative technology for producing quality crystalline nanowires at a remarkably high growth rate and throughput. Using size-controlled Au seed particles and organometallic precursors, Aerotaxy can produce nanowi
Abstract SETTING: Sweden under transition from high to low tuberculosis (TB) incidence from 1920 to 2009. OBJECTIVE: To correlate estimates of TB infection in birth cohorts with the longitudinal incidence of active TB to assess the long-term risk and time pattern of reactivated TB. DESIGN: Time trend analysis on TB incidence using age-cohort modelling. RESULTS: The overall TB incidence decrease
The risk of distant recurrence in breast cancer patients is difficult to assess with current clinical and histopathological parameters, and no validated serum biomarkers currently exist. Using a recently developed recombinant antibody microarray platform containing 135 antibodies against 65 mainly immunoregulatory proteins, we screened 240 sera from 64 patients with primary breast cancer. This uni
Obesity is associated with a risk of at least 20 different cancers. We aimed at defining cancer risks in prospectively recruited patients with a novel subgroup, those with a family history of obesity. We defined a cohort of 30 020 patients who had been hospitalized since 1964. Cancer risks in these patients were followed through 2006. Standardized incidence ratios were calculated for cancer using
Circulating tumor cells (CTC) are shed in peripheral blood at advanced metastatic stages of solid cancers. Surface-marker-based detection of CTC predicts recurrence and survival in colorectal, breast, and prostate cancer. However, scarcity and variation in size, morphology, expression profile, and antigen exposure impairs reliable detection and characterization of CTC. We have developed a nonconta
Polymorphisms associated with prostate cancer include those in three genes encoding major secretory products of the prostate: KLK2 (encoding kallikrein-related peptidase 2; hK2), KLK3 (encoding prostate-specific antigen; PSA), and MSMB (encoding beta-microseminoprotein). PSA and hK2, members of the kallikrein family, are elevated in sera of men with prostate cancer. In a comprehensive analysis tha
NLRs are recently discovered PRRs detecting substructures of peptidoglycans and triggering innate immunity. NLRs are expressed in several cell types, but the presence in human B lymphocytes is still unknown. This study aimed to investigate expression and function of NLRs in human B lymphocytes. B cells were isolated and analyzed for mRNA and protein expression. The functional responsiveness of NOD
BACKGROUND: Practically all data on familial risk in ovarian and other cancers are based on incident cancer, whereas familiality in cancer mortality is largely unknown. If fatal forms of cancer are a highly familial subtype, then familial risk for mortality may exceed that of incidence, which is relevant for clinical decision making and counseling. METHODS: Ovarian cancer patients in the nationwid
Most patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are older, the median age is 71 years, and survival decreases rapidly with age. The achievement of complete remission and long-term survival mostly require intensive combination chemotherapy, but standard regimens are often believed to be too toxic for older patients. The Swedish Acute Leukemia Registry is unique and contains data on 98% of all patie
Exhaustion is consistently found to be more prevalent in women than in men. Women suffer from job strain more often, which may constitute a partial explanation for this phenomenon, but experienced shortcomings in combining work and family demands may also contribute to ill health. The aim of this study was to investigate, and analyse by gender, how work-related and family-related factors, as well
BACKGROUND: The changes of cancer incidence upon immigration can be used as an estimator of environmental influence on cancer risk. We studied site-specific liver and biliary cancers in first-generation immigrants to Sweden with an aim to search for aetiological clues and to find evidence for indigenous incidence rates. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We used the nation-wide Swedish Family-Cancer Database t
Multiple biopsies of normal breast tissue from 10 BRCA1 mutation carriers have been analyzed using array-based comparative genomic hybridization. Normal breast tissue from five age-matched control subjects without a family history of breast cancer was included for reference purposes. We repeatedly found multiple low copy number aberrations at a significantly higher frequency in histopathologically
