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Spatial data are crucial in disaster planning. However, because of the dynamic, urgent and uncertain nature of disasters, certain data and functionalities may be inaccessible to decision makers when they are required. Web service composition offers a possible solution whereby disaster planners can integrate spatial web services to generate new spatial data and functionalities, quickly, from existi
Popular Abstract in Swedish Turismindustrin är numera en av världens absolut största industrier. Den är av central betydelse för ekonomisk utveckling och arbetstillfällen i ett stort antal länder. Det finns dock en baksida: turism leder ofta till exploatering av miljön, och bidrar i många fall till sociala och kulturella problem. Dagens turismindustri är inte förenlig med hållbar utveckling och deTourism has become a leading industry in the world and continues to grow rapidly, contributing essentially to economic growth and employment in many countries. Tourism as it looks today poses serious threats to the environment and considerable social and cultural challenges. The problem addressed by this research lies in the weakness of current concepts and practices in pursuit of sustainable tour
This chapter introduces the first main part of this volume, on the overarching 'architecture' of global climate governance beyond 2012. In particular, the central question that guides all chapters in this part is about the causes and consequences of fragmentation versus integration of governance architectures. We ask which type of governance architectures promises a higher degree of institutional
Popular Abstract in Swedish Robust konstruktion handlar om hur produkter skall konstrueras för att bli okänsliga mot oväntade störningar och variationer i t.ex. omgivningen under drift. Normalt har detta problem angripits med den sk. Taguchi-metoden, i vilken experiment utförs efter en viss metodik på en prototyp, varefter produktens beteende kartläggs och konstruktionsvariablerna väljs så att ettThe activity of robust design of mechanical products and how it can be accomplished in pre-prototype design phases, is discussed in this thesis. It is advocated that to be fully efficient and effective optimization of product robustness should commence already in the conceptual design phase. Moreover, since product optimization is a process, robust design should be perceived and implemented as a p
Popular Abstract in Swedish För att en multicellulär organism som männinskan ska kunna fungera måste celldelningen strikt kontrolleras. Protein som reglerar celldelning på cellulär nivå kallas för "tillväxtfaktorer". Vi har studerat ett sådant protein som kallas för transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-b). Namnet TGF-b kommer sig utav att detta protein kan transformera (omvandla) epiteliala njurceTransforming growth factor-beta (TGF-b) is a well-characterised growth regulatory factor, which acts on most cell types. This thesis has focused on the regulatory roles of TGF-b on normal lymphocytes. One interesting finding is that TGF-b acts both costimulatory and inhibitory on T-lymphocytes. The costimulatory effect depends on the presence of monocytes and is mediated by these cells. Furthermor
Popular Abstract in Swedish INLEDNING – Människans hörsel är beroende av att öra, nervsystem och hjärna alla fungerar som de skall. Det inkluderar mellanörat; med hörselben och trumhinna, innerörat; med sina sinnesceller, hörselnerven och hörselcentrum i hjärnan. Det är välkänt att ändrat omgivningstryck påverkar örat - vi får till exempel alla lock i öronen och hör dåligt om vi inte kan tryckutjäResults from experimental studies, as well as clinical studies, are used to elucidate the effects of ambient pressure changes on cochlear hydrodynamics and function. The perilymph pressure changes and the pressure release effects of the cochlear aqueduct (CA) and Eustachian tube (ET) in cats exposed to hypobaric pressure are elucidated. The focus is on the emergence of the pressure gradients betwe
This is a study of change in ecclesiastical praxis and theological Irgument concerning the death penalty and the condemned in Sweden, seen in an international perspective and as a part of general change in the society. The execution gave an example of both crime and revenge and of repentance and the possibility of a pious death. This examl)le through secularisation came under attack from two sides
Rationale. The value of microRNAs (miRNAs) as biomarkers has been addressed in various clinical contexts. Initial studies suggested that miRNAs, such as the brain-enriched miR-124-3p, might improve outcome prediction after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. The aim of this study is to determine the prognostic value of miR-122-5p in a large cohort of comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arres
Background: Heart failure is a disease with high morbidity, mortality, and physical and psychological burden. More knowledge about the care provided for patients with heart failure close to death is needed. Objective: The aim was to describe key aspects of palliative care during the last week of life in patients with heart failure, as reported by healthcare professionals. Design: This is a nationa
Background: Data suggests that the plasma levels of the liver-specific miR-122-5p might both be a marker of cardiogenic shock and a prognostic marker of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Our aim was to characterize plasma miR-122-5p at admission after OHCA and to assess the association between miR-122-5p and relevant clinical factors such all-cause mortality and shock at admission after OHCA.
Kenya’s population is rapidly growing and urbanising. Poverty and problems of food insecurity are equally urbanising at an unprecedented rate. Formal employment has not kept pace with the job demand of the growing population. As a result, urban residents seek employment (livelihood) from an array of informal economic activities, including own food production. The growing urban population and urban
High-elevation hydropower units in California might be sensitive to climate warming since they have been designed to take advantage of snowmelt and have low built-in storage capacities. Snowmelt is expected to shift to earlier in the year and the system might not be able to store sufficient water for release in high-electricity-demanding periods. Previous studies have tried to explore the climate
Objective: To test serum tau as a predictor of neurological outcome after cardiac arrest. Methods: We measured the neuronal protein tau in serum at 24, 48, and 72 hours after cardiac arrest in 689 patients in the prospective international Target Temperature Management trial. The main outcome was poor neurological outcome, defined as Cerebral Performance Categories 3–5 at 6 months. Results: Increas
BACKGROUND: A growing body of studies indicate benefits of physiotherapy for patients in palliative care, for symptom relief and wellbeing. Though physiotherapists are increasingly acknowledged as important members of palliative care teams, they are still an underutilized source and not fully recognized. The aim of this study was to explore the variety of activities described by physiotherapists i
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the awareness of palliative care (PC) in a general Swedish population. Design: We developed an e-survey based on a similar study conducted in Northern Ireland, consisting of 10 questions. Closed questions were primarily analyzed using descriptive statistics. Open questions were subject to inductive qualitative analysis. Subjects: The study utiliz
Objective: To describe the electrophysiological characteristics and pathophysiological significance of electrographic status epilepticus (ESE) after cardiac arrest and specifically compare patients with unequivocal ESE to patients with rhythmic or periodic borderline patterns defined as possible ESE. Methods: Retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients treated with targeted temperature mana
This paper presents and assesses the cooling integration of medium size electrical machines with distributed hair-pin type of windings. By introducing a hollow or profiled conductor the generated heat can be removed right where it is created. The cooling duct in conductor that can be connected either to series or parallel cooling flows increases DC resistance up to 1.5 times when comparing commerc
Efter en landreform, som genomfördes i slutet av 40- och i början av 50-talet, blev de flesta taiwanesiska bönderna hemmansägare och odlade marken på små lantegendomar. Denna efterkrigsreform banade väg för en ekonomisk utveckling som väsentligt påverkade och förändrade bondesamhället. När det taiwanesiska jordbruket visade tecken på stagnation på 1970-talet, förändrades böndernas syn på markinnehAfter post-war land reform that took place between 1949 and 1953, most Taiwanese farmers became owner-cultivators working on small landholdings. Post-war land reform paved the foundation for economic development and industrialization, processes that squeezed the agricultural sector and created changes in farming villages. When Taiwanese agriculture showed signs of stagnation in the 1970s, farmers’
The chapter monitors the different pillars of old age pension schemes and discusses coherence and coordination between primarily the public schemes and the occupational pension schemes with the example of the reformed Swedish model and takes into account both labour and tax related consequences. While the public pension scheme in Sweden was subject to significant reforms already 20 years ago, manyThis chapter monitors the different pillars of old-age pension schemes and discusses coherence and coordination, primarily between public schemes and occupational pension schemes, with the example of the reformed Swedish model. The chapter also takes into account both labour and tax-related consequences. While the public pension scheme in Sweden was already subject to significant reforms 20 years
