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Surfactants have been the basis for applications in several industrial sectors for a long time. However, fundamental research was 50 years ago still limited to a small number of academic groups and even basic aspects were controversial. The field has since undergone an enormous expansion and the improved understanding has laid the basis of numerous new products as well as been the basis of importa
The deinstitutionalization of mental health care has changed the responsibilities of involved authoritiesand has led to a continuous need for new treatment forms and interventions. This articledescribes this development in Europe, and in particular how these new conditions have been handledin Sweden over the past 20 years at the level of governmental policy-making. Three major policydocuments from
Purpose: We present clinical and laboratory data on 18 children from 12 hemophilia treatment centers in the United States, Canada, and Europe with the purpose of disseminating information regarding a recently recognized, potentially life-threatening complication of treatment in very young children with hemophilia B. Patients and Methods: Twelve hemophilia centers from the United States, Canada, an
Background and objective: Large clinical trials have confirmed the long-term efficacy of inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β2-agonist combinations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It was hypothesized that significant treatment effects would already be present within 3 months after the initiation of treatment across a range of clinical outcomes, irrespective of COPD s
The aim of this study was to illuminate spouses' perceptions of living with a partner who had been diagnosed with rectal cancer followed by surgery resulting in a stoma. The focus group interview was chosen as method of data collection. Two focus group interviews consisting of 2 meetings each were conducted. A qualitative content analysis was used. Five themes emerged: difficulties of being involv
Choice blindness is the failure to detect a discrepancy between a choice and its outcome. The misinformation effect occurs when the recollection of an event changes because new, misleading information about the event is received. The purpose of this study was to merge the choice blindness and misinformation effect paradigms, and thus examine whether choice blindness can be created for individuals’
In recent years, there has been considerable research effort to determine whether other species exhibit prosocial motivations parallel to those of humans; however, these studies have focused primarily on primates, and with mixed results. We presented captive ravens with a modified prosocial choice task which aimed to address several criticisms of previous methods by including a stringent pretraini
BackgroundRelenza represents the first neuraminidase inhibitor (NI), a class of drugs that also includes the drug Tamiflu. Although heralded as breakthrough treatments in influenza, NI efficacy has remained highly controversial. A key unsettled question is why the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved more cautious efficacy statements in labelling than European regulators f
Background: Chronic L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) leads to debilitating involuntary movements, termed L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. Striatofugal medium spiny neurons (MSN) lose their dendritic spines and cortico-striatal glutamatergic synapses in PD and in experimental models of DA depletion. This loss of connectivity is triggered by a dysregulation of in
The extensive fouling common in the food industry puts high demands on equipment cleaning. The adsorption of β-lactoglobulin and its removal by the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) were followed at pH 6.0 using in situ ellipsometry. Hydrophilic chromium oxide and stainless steel together with hydrophobic methylated silica were studied at different temperatures. Differences between
BACKGROUND: Existing conceptions of teaching quality assume that classroom interactions serve as the foundation for effective teaching. The resulting data necessitates analytical approaches capable of extracting the semantics of these interactions.AIM: This study investigates whether and to what extent lesson semantics provide insights into teaching quality (i.e., cognitive engagement, encourageme
To make surgery more precise and to shorten anesthesia-times for children undergoing surgery for Hirschsprung’s disease, ultra-high frequency ultrasound (UHFUS) has been suggested to replace peroperative biopsy. The study’s aim was to determine quantitatively whether aganglionic and ganglionic bowel segments could be distinguished by UHFUS. Bowel specimens of 23 children operated on for rectosigmo
BACKGROUND Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products (ATMPs) for human use have advanced globally with the rapid adoption of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapies in haemato-oncology. CAR-T cell therapy and ATMPs have unique, significant acute and chronic toxicities, and appropriate patient care is crucial. Significant challenges, including the need for nurse education and training, accompa
Background: Perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) are suggested to impair immune function in children. Previous studies investigating associations between prenatal PFAS exposure and common infections were performed in background-exposed populations whilst studies from high-exposed populations are lacking. Objectives: To investigate the association between prenatal PFAS exposure from contaminated
Background: Smoke-free tobacco via moist oral snuff (snus) is used daily in more than 20% of Swedish men. Negative effects of cigarette smoking on sperm parameters are well documented, unlike for snuff, despite relevance also for other smoke-free nicotine products. Objectives: We wanted to investigate whether reproductive parameters differed between users and non-users of snuff, and whether the am
Understanding independent and joint predictors of adverse pregnancy outcomes is essential to inform interventions toward achieving sustainable development goals. We aimed to determine the joint predictors of preterm birth and perinatal death among singleton births in northern Tanzania based on cohort data from the Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center (KCMC) zonal referral hospital birth registry b
This work evaluates the effects of static and cyclic loading conditions on the stress corrosion process in unidirectional glass/modified polyester composite in the presence of a nitric acid solution. The composites were investigated under static, cyclic, and static with overload conditions using a rectangular specimen with centrally positioned grooves. The stress corrosion process was monitored us
Background: The core of postnatal care is that midwives recognise the needs of women and new-born babies and provide the highest possible quality of care and medical safety to optimise the health and well-being of new families. The study aimed to describe midwives' experiences in providing postnatal care for families during the first week after the birth of their baby. Methods: An interview study
