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Biological invasions often cause major perturbations in the environment and are well studied among macroorganisms. Less is known about invasion by free-living microbes. Gonyostomum semen (Raphidophyceae) is a freshwater phytoplankton species that has increased in abundance in Northern Europe since the 1980's and has expanded its habitat range. In this study, we aimed to determine the genetic popul
Despite evidence that both pollinators and nonpollinator agents of selection can shape the evolution of floral characters, there have been few attempts to compare the strengths and directions of selection from pollinators and other agents in the same study system. In this investigation of Leucanthemum vulgare, a self-incompatible composite known for its conspicuous white rays, I obtained data from
Aim: To investigate health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in young persons with limb reduction deficiency (LRD). Methods: One hundred and forty children with LRD aged 8-16 answered the DISABKIDS questionnaire for children with chronic health conditions. Of their parents, 137 answered a corresponding questionnaire concerning their child. Results: Compared to reference data from children with other
Disorders in the musculoskeletal system have been associated with a high physical workload as well as psychosocial and individual factors. It is however not obvious which of these factors that is most important to prevent. Musculoskeletal disorders in neck and upper extremity was assessed by interview and clinical examination in 79 teachers and 93 assisting nurses, all females. Psychosocial work e
Popular Abstract in Swedish Ger en ökad fysisk aktivitet bland växande barn bättre skelett- och muskelutveckling och påverkar det i så fall frakturrisken? Benskörhet och låg benmassa medför en ökad risk för frakturer. Låg fysisk aktivitet är också en riskfaktor. En ökad frakturförekomst är i dag ett växande samhällsproblem, och med dessutom en åldrande population samt en generellt mindre fysiskt Osteoporosis and related fractures are a global health problem. Physical activity, especially during growth, has been suggested as a strategy to improve musculoskeletal health in the population. Previous prospective pediatric exercise intervention studies, however, are short-term, mostly covering less than one year and use bone traits as surrogate endpoints for fractures. The Pediatric Osteoporosi
Objectives: To study: (I) work-loss seen as sick leave and disability pension before and after the start of first anti-TNF therapy in Swedish regional and national RA cohorts; (II) baseline predictors of a good future work prognosis at diagnosis and after anti-TNF start with a special focus on the impact of the disease activity level and the disease duration at treatment start. Methods: RA patie
The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate families’ experiences when a child is diagnosed as having type 1 diabetes, and at one and three years after diagnosis. Since childhood health and the circumstances around it in the family have been shown to have a lasting impact on adult health and circumstances, an additional aim was to examine the long-term effect of childhood diabetes on educati
Calmodulin is a Ca2+-dependent regulatory protein in eukaryotic cells involved in a variety of intracellular activities. Many responses to abiotic stresses involve signaling by Ca2+ and Ca2+/calmodulin regulation, including water and salinity stress. To investigate how calmodulin affects germination on media with high concentrations of NaCl, transgenic tobacco plants expressing heterologous calmod
The prime objective of this study is to investigate if radioluminescence (RL) from carbon-doped aluminum oxide (Al2O3:C) crystals potentially can be used for absorbed dose-rate measurements during proton radiotherapy. The RL from two separate (2 mg) Al2O3:C crystals attached to optical-fiber cables were recorded during irradiations in water in a 175 MeV clinical proton beam. The RL response for lo
OBJECTIVE: To investigate if the preventive measures taken to reduce the occupational exposure to asbestos have resulted in a decreased incidence of pleural mesothelioma in Sweden. METHODS: The incidence of pleural mesothelioma between 1958 and 1995 for birth cohorts born between 1885 and 1964 was investigated. The cases of pleural mesothelioma were identified through the Swedish Cancer Register.
Forty isoniazid-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates were characterized on the basis of phenotypic properties (i.e., catalase activity, MIC of isoniazid, and growth pattern in the presence of 7 different concentrations of isoniazid) and alterations in the katG gene (codons 315 and 463). Three different growth patterns could be distinguished: concentration-dependent inhibition of growth wa
The mechanisms involved in the down regulation of the exocrine pancreas are still not fully elucidated. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of duodenal and ileal exposure to pancreatic enzymes and bile on pancreatic secretion. Experiments were performed with pigs fitted with pancreatic duct, ileal and jugular vein catheters, and duodenal T-shaped cannula. A negative feedback
In our previous studies we have used electrolytic conductivity detection (ELCD) in the selective analysis of chlorinated fatty acids in marine samples. In order to determine the chlorinated fatty acids quantitatively, we studied the ELCD response factors (RFs) of chlorinated fatty acids and compared them with those of other chlorinated compounds. We also studied the effect of reactor temperature a
Many of the physiological adaptations evolved in terrestrial invertebrates to resist desiccation have also been shown to enhance the survival of low temperatures. In this study we have examined temporal changes in the physiology of the collembolan Folsomia candida during acclimation to mild desiccation stress (98.2% RH), and how physiological changes correlate with resistance to subsequent cold sh
Close collaboration is considered important; but is close collaboration for all purchases necessary to create value-in-production? In construction as well as in other industries, companies purchase a variety of items that require different amounts of attention to the relationship with suppliers. Buyer-supplier relationships are investigated in relation to how they bring value-in-production in the
Objective Patients treated with antipsychotic drugs often receive concomitant psychotropic compounds. Few studies address this issue from a lifetime perspective. Here, an analysis is presented of the prescription pattern of such concomitant medication from the first contact with psychiatry until the last written note in the case history documents, in patients with a diagnosis of psychotic illness.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to evaluate whether typing of human papillomavirus (HPV) among women with low-grade cervical cytology can improve the ability to identify women with cervical cancer or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade III (CIN III or worse). STUDY DESIGN: A total of 1595 women with low-grade cervical cytology participating in a randomized implementation trial of HP
Caveolae are membrane invaginations present in a variety of cell types. Formation of caveolae depends on caveolins and on the more recently discovered family of proteins known as the cavins. Genetic ablation of caveolin-1 was previously shown to give rise to a number of urogenital alterations, but the effects of cavin-1 deletion on urogenital function remain unknown. Here we characterized detrusor
The field of genetic diversity in protists, particularly phytoplankton, is under expansion. However, little is known regarding variation in genetic diversity within populations over time. The aim of our study was to investigate intrapopulation genetic diversity and genetic differentiation in the freshwater bloom-forming microalga Gonyostomum semen (Raphidophyceae). The study covered a 2-year perio
We studied the evolutionary history of the Parmeliaceae (Lecanoromycetes, Ascomycota), one of the largest families of lichen-forming fungi with complex and variable morphologies, also including several lichenicolous fungi. We assembled a six-locus data set including nuclear, mitochondrial and low-copy protein-coding genes from 293 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). The lichenicolous lifestyle ori
