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Introduction: Oesophageal resection carries significant morbidity and mortality. Artificial intelligence (AI) advances in medical research enable enhanced predictions, flexibility, and interpretability, especially for complex interactions and nonlinear relationships. Material and methods: We used a register-based case-control design nested within prospectively collected data from the Swedish Natio

Aims: In a co-twin control design, we aimed to examine whether individuals who initiate metformin treatment have an altered risk of incident diagnosis of osteoarthritis (OA), for up to 11 years after starting the treatment, compared with their non-treated co-twin. Methods: In all twin pairs different for metformin treatment (N=1 261 pairs) and all eligible twins/singletons (N=52 341) aged 35–75 ye

The human sex ratio at birth (SRB) undergoes temporary changes around a mean proportion of 0.51 male births. SRB has been well studied for historical, geographical, and secular trends, but until now not linked to health outcomes in the total population, e.g. for cardiovascular disease (CVD) or mortality during follow-up of birth cohorts. We used linkage analysis based on national registers in Swed

Objective: Timely, accurate distinction between behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and primary psychiatric disorders (PPD) is a clinical challenge. Blood biomarkers such as neurofilament light chain (NfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) have shown promise. Prior work has shown NfL helps distinguish FTD from PPD. Few studies have assessed NfL together with GFAP. Methods:

The cotton fabric consists of cellulose arranged in a complex structure with multiple levels of organization at different length scales. Understanding this structure and its interactions with water and oil is essential for developing efficient and environmentally friendly methods of cotton washing. In this study, the structure of raw cotton fabric cellulose and the effects of water and oil were ex

Background: Novel phosphorylated-tau (p-tau) blood biomarkers (e.g., p-tau181, p-tau217 or p-tau231), are highly specific for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and can track amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau pathology. However, because these biomarkers are strongly associated with the emergence of Aβ pathology, it is difficult to determine the contribution of insoluble tau aggregates to the plasma p-tau signal

We previously reported that indoor odorous chloroanisoles (CAs) are still being emitted due to microbial methylation of hazardous chlorophenols (CPs) present in legacy wood preservatives. Meanwhile, Swedish researchers reported that this malodor, described since the early 1970s, is caused by hazardous mold. Here, we examined to what extent CP-treated wood contains mold and if mold correlates with

Sepsis is one of the leading causes of mortality in the world. Currently, the heterogeneity of sepsis makes it challenging to determine the molecular mechanisms that define the syndrome. Here, we leverage population scale proteomics to analyze a well-defined cohort of 1364 blood samples taken at time-of-admission to the emergency department from patients suspected of sepsis. We identified panels o

Worldwide, there is conversion of natural habitats to other land cover types. These are explained by changes in land use and climate change. In Tanzania, environmental degradation happens also within and around protected areas. To mitigate the effects, wildlife management areas (WMAs) surrounding the borders of protected areas in Tanzania have been promoted. They are based on the concept of commun

This is the data and code from a word-monitoring task, in which advanced learners of English responded to the word 'to' in verb + to-infinitive structures (V-to-Vinf) in English, where 'to' could occur in a full or reduced pronunciation (e.g. "prefer to" [tʊ] or "preferda" [ɾə]). The design of this experiment is replicated from our earlier study with American English native speakers (Lorenz &

The ubiquity of microplastics ecosystems has gained global attention. In this context, Latin America, which is responsible for 8% of the world's consumption of plastic material and has a small recycling rate (4.5%), does not have enough data on microplastics contamination in its environmental matrices. This systematic review analyzed 196 studies from 16 territorials in Latin America and provided i

This paper presents new estimates of the material livings standards among the rural population in southern Sweden from the 1680’s up to 1865. Utilizing a newly constructed database of circa 1800 probate inventories from the benchmark periods 1680-1720, 1780-85, and 1860-65, we analyse the development of consumption patterns for rural households. Wefind that that all rural households, no matter the

Background and ObjectivesWhile chronological age is one of the most influential determinants of poststroke outcomes, little is known of the impact of neuroimaging-derived biological "brain age."We hypothesized that radiomics analyses of T2-FLAIR images texture would provide brain age estimates and that advanced brain age of patients with stroke will be associated with cardiovascular risk factors a

Stød is a syllable rhyme prosody that is realized as creaky voice, and its distributionis partly predictable. To examine listeners’ implicit knowledge of the complicatednature of stød distribution, we conducted a lexical decision task, investigating anirregularly behaving group of nouns in which stød distribution is unpredictable.We hypothesized that listeners would be the most surprised by deviat

The European Society of Organ Transplantation (ESOT) strives to promote equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) across all its activities. We surveyed the transplant community’s experiences and perspectives regarding EDI within ESOT as an organization and its educational activities, and research in general. A total of 299 respondents completed the questionnaire. About half agreed that ESOT’s Execut

Differential and double-differential distributions of kinematic variables of leptons from decays of top-quark pairs (tt¯) are measured using the full LHC Run 2 data sample collected with the ATLAS detector. The data were collected at a pp collision energy of s = 13 TeV and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb −1. The measurements use events containing an oppositely charged eμ pair and

The PNPLA3 I148M variant is the major genetic risk factor for all stages of fatty liver disease, but the underlying pathophysiology remains unclear. We studied the effect of this variant on hepatic metabolism in homozygous carriers and non-carriers under multiple physiological conditions with state-of-the-art stable isotope techniques. After an overnight fast, carriers had higher plasma β-hydroxyb

We report on phase and strain changes in Ti1-xAlxN (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.61) coatings on cutting tools during turning recorded in operando by high-energy x-ray diffractometry. Orthogonal cutting of AISI 4140 steel was performed with cutting speeds of 360–370 m/min. Four positions along the tool rake face were investigated as a function of time in cut. Formation of γ-Fe in the chip reveals that the temperatur