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En viss typ av immuncellsansamling i tumörer, så kallade tertiära lymfoida strukturer (TLS), hos patienter med bukspottkörtelcancer verkar inte alltid vara så gynnsamt som forskning tidigare visat. Förekomst av många TLS i tumören kunde i studien kopplas till kortare överlevnad och kan möjligen bero på att cellgiftsbehandling förändrar funktionen TLS. I denna studie studerades två typer av immuncPancreatic cancer (PC) is a devastating disease and is almost always synonymous with a poor outcome. Chemotherapy is the standard treatment and is administered in either an adjuvant or palliative setting. However, nearly all patients, regardless of treatment intent, eventually develop chemoresistance. Little is known about the events causing chemoresistance, but increased knowledge is essential fo

Agriculture in India is characterised by low productivity, and structural change has been slow and unconventional. Nevertheless, at state-level one can identify different patterns for these process. The attempt in this work has been to understand the linkages between farm mechanisation, agricultural productivity and structural change at the state-level during the post-reform period. The aim was to

Machine learning algorithms are experiencing unprecedented attention, but their inherent computational complexity leads to high energy consumption. However, a paradigm shift in computing methods has the potential to address the issue. This shift could be a move towards analog in-memory computing, a method which uses Ohm’s and Kirchhoff’s Laws, and carries out the processing directly where data res

Studies indicate that crime is a common occurrence in Swedish schools and that schools create their own living law regarding managing crime. This study aims to analyze the approach of the teachers that makes crucial decisions when dealing with crime in school. The goal is to find out how different norm perspectives, that were found to be relevant when conducting the literature review, has affected

Theoretically the relation between returns and idiosyncratic volatility should be non-existent or positive. Many empirical studies confirm this but Ang, Hodrick, Xing and Zhang (2006) contest the conventional view and find a negative relationship for a sample of U.S. firms. I contribute to the field by investigating the relation for a sample of U.S. mutual funds. The sample consist of a total of 1

The aim of this study was to examine how professionals on residential care for unaccompanied children worked with the youths needs. Due to the increase of refugees coming to Sweden and specially unaccompanied children it has become one of our present time most important political questions. In order to examine how the professionals are working with the unaccompanied children’s needs we believed th

Denna uppsats redogör för straffvärdebedömningen vid grova narkotikabrott. Fram till 1923 hade narkotika ingen juridisk innebörd i Sverige, men allteftersom det introducerades i samhället och ett missbruk började spridas, började också lagstiftningen utvecklas kring det. När det uppdagades vilka rusframkallande och beroendeframkallande effekter narkotika förde med sig, och att dessa preparat hamnaThis essay describes the assessment of penal value concerning grave narcotic offenses. Up until 1923 narcotics did not have a legal meaning in Sweden, but as it was introduced in society and an addiction started spreading, the legislation also started to evolve around it. When it began to be known what intoxicative and addictive effects narcotics brought with it, and that these preparations starte

This thesis is composed within the framework of the supplementary course in psychotherapy concentrating on family therapy (60 credits) arranged by Lund University's affiliate in Västerås, Sweden. The purpose of this thesis has been to explore how the idea to initiate evidence based methods in the workings of the Individual and Family Care Department of the City of Västerås was born. Furthermo

Sedan jag började gå till kyrkan på eget initiativ har jag ofta fascinerats av musiken och hur stor del av gudstjänsten som ägnas till sång och musik. Under musikstudier på gymnasiet, folkhögskola och musikhögskola har jag också tyckt mig urskilja att många musiker har en bakgrund i kyrkan. Även de tidiga kompositörerna, såsom Bach, var själv kyrkomusiker. Denna studie syftar till att undersöka huSince I started attending church on my own initiative, I have often been fascinated by the music and the amount of space it gets in the service. During my music studies at the upper secondary school, folk high school and music college, I have also found myself distinguishing that many musicians come from a background in the church. Even the early composers, such as Bach, were church musicians. Thi

The tundra is warming more rapidly than any other biome on Earth, and the potential ramifications are far-reaching because of global feedback effects between vegetation and climate. A better understanding of how environmental factors shape plant structure and function is crucial for predicting the consequences of environmental change for ecosystem functioning. Here we explore the biome-wide relati

Background Bothgenetic and lifestyle factors contribute to the risk of type 2 diabetes, but the extent to which there is a synergistic effect of the 2 factors is unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the joint associations of genetic risk and diet quality with incident type 2 diabetes. Methods and findings We analyzed data from 35,759 men and women in the United States participating in the

Importance: Coverage of essential child health and nutrition interventions in low- and middle-income countries remains suboptimal. Adverse exposures, such as undernutrition and infections, are particularly harmful during the 1000 days from conception until 2 years of age.Objective: To investigate whether deaths in children younger than 5 years-which also reflect adverse exposures faced by children

The purpose of this investigation is to explore and highlight the role of the Third World within a human rights framework during the era of decolonization. More specifically the investigation analyzes in what ways states from the Third World used human rights to argue for the abolishment of colonialism within the context of debates in the 15th session of the UN General Assembly in 1960 and in rela

Den här studien ämnade att undersöka huruvida olika musikgenrer; blues , klassisk musik och rockmusik, samt utan musik (kontrollgrupp), påverkar prestation i matematik. 52 personer deltog i studien och de blev alla tilldelade en av de fyra musikgenrerna genom en mellangruppsdesign. Studien bestod av två test. Första testet var ett standardiserat matematiktest bestående av 12 frågor (refereras till

Naturlig selektion i vilda skalbaggspopulationer Naturlig selektion är en nyckelfaktor för evolutionen. Även om vi vet att mängden variation i egenskaper (fenotyper) ger råmaterial för selektion och om den är genetisk påverkar evolutionens hastighet, har vi fortfarande mycket att lära om hur naturlig selektion påverkar specifika egenskaper över tid. I min examensuppsats undersökte jag hur naturliNatural selection is an important force behind evolution. It is well known that phenotypic variation provides opportunity for evolution, but research into how selection acts on specific traits over time is lacking. In this thesis, I studied how selection acts upon the shape and body size of the beetle Cassida viridis. Across three populations, I measured size (length and area), shape, and lifespan

De svenska riktade ränteavdragsbegränsningsreglerna infördes år 2009 i syfte att förhindra oönskad skatteplanering där den svenska skattebasen urholkas genom ränteupplägg med lån mellan bolag inom samma intressegemenskap. Regelverket återfinns numera i 24 kap. 18–20 §§ IL och begränsar avdragsrät-ten för räntekostnaderna på koncerninterna lån. Regelverket ändrades först år 2013 och sedan igen år 2The Swedish targeted interest deduction rules were introduced in 2009, aim-ing to prevent unwanted tax planning that erodes the Swedish tax base through interest schemes involving loans between intra-group companies. The rules are now located in Chapter 24, Sections 18–20 of the Income Tax Act (ITA) and limit the right to deduct interest costs on intra-group loans. The rules were modified in 2013,

The high-temperature oxidation of stainless-steel parts poses significant problems in power generation, chemical processing, and heat exchanger industries. Stainless steel grades such as austenitic AISI 316L, 310S, and ferritic 430 commonly used in industries undergo carving of oxide scales which diminishes spatial quality, increases corrosion, and reduces thermal conductivity. This thesis focuses

Nya byggnormer – smartare tunnlar? Cut-and-Cover-tunnlar är vanliga vid grund anläggningsnivå i svensk infrastruktur. Dessa betongkonstruktioner utsätts för konstant vattentryck, vilket ställer krav på sprickkontroll. Sprickor uppstår ofta på grund av tvångslaster, exempelvis från temperaturvariationer och krympning, när dessa deformationer hindras av omgivningen. För att begränsa sprickbildning dTunnel structures play an important role in Sweden’s infrastructure. At shallow depths, a common construction method is the so-called “Cut-and-Cover” tunnel, where the tunnel placement is excavated, cast in concrete on-site, and then backfilled. Such tunnels are typically subjected to constant water pressure, which yields high demands on crack control. Cracking in elongated concrete structures oft

Harmful algal blooms pose a threat to public health and the economy, affecting tourism, fisheries, and aquaculture. Complex environmental factors influence their occurrence, but current forecasting models often overlook the role of grazers. Chemical cues released by zooplankton, copepodamides, can trigger the production of toxins in harmful algae. Therefore, their presence in bivalves may enhance

In the pursuit of sustainable chemical production, feedstock diversification is essential. Lignosulfonates, a water-soluble aromatic byproduct of the sulfite pulping process, offer a green alternative for producing value-added compounds such as vanillin via oxidative depolymerization. However, current depolymerization processes are not comparable due to inconsistencies in feedstocks and a lack of