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Surfactants have been the basis for applications in several industrial sectors for a long time. However, fundamental research was 50 years ago still limited to a small number of academic groups and even basic aspects were controversial. The field has since undergone an enormous expansion and the improved understanding has laid the basis of numerous new products as well as been the basis of importa
Objectives This study sought to determine the mechanistic effects of a novel balloon-based lithoplasty system on heavily calcified coronary lesions and subsequent stent placement using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Background The Shockwave Coronary Rx Lithoplasty System (Shockwave Medical, Fremont, California) delivers localized, lithotripsy-enhanced disruption of calcium within the target l
The influences on gene expression by codons at positions +2, +3, +5 and +7 downstream of the initiation codon have been compared. Most of the +2 codons that are known to give low gene expression are associated with a higher expression if placed at the later positions. The NGG codons AGG, CGG, UGG and GGG, but not GGN or GNG (where N is non-G), are unique since they are associated with a very low g
In this study, numerical simulations are performed to investigate the effect of dimple location on the flow structure and heat transfer characteristics in a 90°-turned channel with pin fins. Results of the flow structure, heat transfer on the endwall, and friction factor are included in this study. It is found that the dimple location has an impact on the flow structure and heat transfer both for
In applications spanning from image analysis and speech recognition to energy dissipation in turbulence and time-to failure of fatigued materials, researchers and engineers want to calculate how often a stochastic observable crosses a specific level, such as zero. At first glance this problem looks simple, but it is in fact theoretically very challenging, and therefore few exact results exist. One
This book presents, for the first time, the unpublished manuscripts of Lars Hörmander, written between 1951 and 2007. Hörmander himself organised the manuscripts and also wrote the notes explaining their origins, presenting the material in the form he fully intended it to be published in. As his daughter, Sofia Broström, mentions in the Foreword, towards the end of his life, Hörmander "carefully w
Purpose: An increasing number of people will live with disabilities in their homes and consequently, the need for home-based interventions will increase. Housing adaptations (HAs) are modifications to the physical home environment with the purpose to enhance independence for a heterogeneous group of people. Increasing the knowledge of the characteristics of HA clients by exploring their heterogene
The ecosystem services approach can inform decision-making by accounting for both short- and long-term benefits from different land use options. Here we used the InVEST toolkit to quantify and map key ecosystem services at the largest publicly-owned agro-silvo-pastoral farmstead in Portugal–a site representative for the montado landscape. We analyzed how Provisioning (cork production) and Regulati
The area around the villages Kvarnby and Södra Sallerup in south-west Scania is the only known flint-mining site in Sweden. Radiocarbon dates show that the flint was mined mainly during the earliest phase of the Early Neolithic, between c. 4000 and 3600 BC, thus coinciding with the earliest evidence of the Funnel Beaker Culture in the region. The type of flint, the size of the flint nodules, produ
The relationship between environment and migration has gained increased attention since the 1990s when the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change projected climate change to become a major driver of human migration. Evaluations of this relationship include both quantitative and qualitative assessments. This review article introduces the concept of scale to environment-migration research as an i
Background and objective: Large clinical trials have confirmed the long-term efficacy of inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β2-agonist combinations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It was hypothesized that significant treatment effects would already be present within 3 months after the initiation of treatment across a range of clinical outcomes, irrespective of COPD s
Denna bok handlar om de franska S:t josefsystrarna och deras missionsverksamhet i Skandinavien från mitten av 1800-talet och fram till 1950-talet med fokus på deras skol- och sjukvårdsverksamhet samt den specifika kvinnokultur som de representerade. Female Counter-Culture and Catholic Mission. The St Joseph Sisters in Denmark and Sweden 1856-1936 In May 1856, four Catholic sisters arrived in Denmark and established a community in a small basement of a building close to the Catholic parish church in Copenhagen. These Catholic sisters belonged to a French religious congregation named "La Congregation des Sœurs de Saint-Joseph de Chambéry", whi
Hybridization is observed frequently in birds, but often it is not known whether the hybrids are fertile and if backcrossing occurs. The breeding ranges of the great reed warbler (Acrocephalus arundinaceus) and the clamorous reed warbler (A. stentoreus) overlap in southern Kazakhstan and a previous study has documented hybridization in a sympatric population. In the present study, we first present
For single molecule spectroscopy (SMS), molecules under study are usually immobilized in a polymer matrix e. g. poly(methyl methacrylate). We show a very significant improvement of the conjugated polymer MEH-PPV photo-stability and decrease of the luminescence impurities concentration when the matrix is purified. We identify benzoyl peroxide (a common radical initiator) as a possible oxidizing age
The electronic structure of methylene peroxide is a balance between zwitterionic and biradical valence structures. In this work we study how this balance is changed by an aqueous solvent, and what effect this has on the nuclear structure. A combined quantum chemical statistical mechanical method with an explicit representation of the solvent is used. The multiconfigurational quantum chemical metho
The photophysical properties of the novel perylene imide (Pi) and oligo-pentaphenyl bisfluorene (pPh) containing molecule have been investigated by quantum chemical methods. It is concluded that the first excited singlet state in the gas is the locally excited state; while the lowest excited state in polar solvents is the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) state, which corresponds to the ICT fro
Abstract: Purpose – While the importance of measuring customer satisfaction levels is well established, less research exists on how organizations operationalize such knowledge. The purpose of this paper is to describe an action research (AR) case study resulting in a workshop model to operationalize the concept of value. The model facilitates organizational learning and mindset changes in order to
The performance of a turbo code can be severely degraded if no trellis termination is employed. This paper investigates the implications of the choice of trellis termination method for turbo codes, and explains the origin of the performance degradation often experienced without trellis termination. An efficient method to derive the distance spectrum of turbo codes for different trellis termination
