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India has yet to build 70% of the buildings that will exist in 2030. The housing industry in India has been growing rapidly in an effort to keep up with increasing urbanization, population growth and aspirational consumption. Its growth is accompanied by a large ecological footprint, given the resource intensive processes involved and the large amount of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) produced. St
This dissertation examines the construction of P&&semicI club letters of undertaking by the English courts, and whether their approach can be criticised based on the legal nature of such contracts, the principles of construction which have been held applicable to them and their commercial purpose. A letter of undertaking serves as alternative security to an arrest and consists of a prom
Minskning av resultatet i svenska bolag genom koncerninterna upplåningar är ett relativt enkelt skatteplaneringsförfarande som syftar till att reducera de totala skattekostnaderna i en internationell koncern. Förfarandet går generellt till så att ett svenskt bolag tar upp ett lån från ett annat bolag inom koncernen etablerat i ett lågskatteland. Räntan som löper på lånet dras som en kostnad i det Reduction of the result in Swedish companies through intercompany bor-rowings is a relatively simple tax planning procedure aimed to reduce the fiscal costs in an international corporate group. The procedure is generally composed of a Swedish company raising a loan from another company within the group established in a low-tax country. The interest on the loan is deductible in the Swedish company,
En ökad medvetenhet om värdet av ett rent grundvatten yttrar sig i allt fler sammanhang, bl.a. i det nationella miljömål om grundvatten av god kvalitet som riksdagen presenterat. Simrishamns kommun ser över vattenskyddsområdena runt kommunens grundvattentäkter för att säkerställa ett rent grundvatten. Målet med detta examensarbete är att ta fram ett underlag som skall kunna ligga till grund för avThe increased awareness of the value of clean groundwater can be seen in a growing number of contexts. This is also emphasized in the national environmental goals, put up by the Swedish government. The municipality of Simrishamn, in southern Sweden, is re-evaluating the extension of the existing restriction areas around the groundwater wells of the municipality. The aims in this investigation were
Lagstiftningen på diskrimineringsområdet har utvecklats mycket sedan mitten av 1900-talet. Idag finns såväl internationella konventioner som regionala och nationella bestämmelser vars syfte är att motverka diskriminering inom olika samhällsområden. Den svenska nationella rätten har i stor utsträckning påverkats av EU-rätten och dess utformning. I Sverige finns idag ett skydd mot diskriminering på Legislation in the field of discrimination has developed a lot over the past decades. Today, there are international and regional conventions as well as national legislation aimed at combating discrimination in various fields of the society. EU law and its design have largely influenced Swedish law. In Sweden today, the grounds on which discrimination is forbidden are sex, gender identity or expre
This work has been done for Tetra Pak Distribution (TPD) at the Department of Engineering Logistic at the Lund Institute of Technology. My task was mainly to create a set of simulation models based on the Tetra Pak Distribution Lines. These models are going to be used by TPD to try to analyse the effect of the accumulation systems on the line efficiency. The inputs for the models are failure rate
In 2005 Gunhild Eriksdotter published Behind The Facades in which she analyses the ways of approaching historical buildings in archaeology. Eriksdotter emphasizes that the archaeology of buildings is in dire need of renewal videlicet the traditional outlook on buildings as two-dimensional objects need to change. She develops a method of analysing the spatial dimensions in a three-dimensional world
With today’s growing awareness of human caused climate changes there is a big interest to replace fossil fuels with renewable fuel sources, such as biomass fuels. For power production biomass are traditionally combusted in small scale facilities which uses a steam cycle. The electrical efficiencies for such facilities are relatively low. By gasifying the solid biomass to syngas it can be used for
Title: A Case Study of Motivators Behind The Use of Social Networking Sites Purpose: The purpose of this study is to gain in-depth understanding of the motivating factors behind the target groups engagement with company profiles within Social Networking sites. Furthermore the aim is to gain knowledge about what content is attractive on a company profile within a Social Networking site and the wome
This essay is a comparison of the American and the Swedish labor law systems regarding the right to strike. American unions generally have a tougher time than Swedish unions to get by. Not only do they have to fight the employers, the federal government does not give much support either and the union dislike is widely spread amongst the population. This goes back all the way to the beginning of th
Internprissättningen spelar en allt större roll för multinationella företagsgrupper. EU-domstolen meddelade i början av 2010 dom i målet C-311/08 SGI i vilken de belgiska internprissättningsreglerna prövades. Domen har även betydelse för andra medlemsstater, och ett syfte med denna uppsats är att undersöka vilka implikationer domen har för motsvarande svenska regler. Internprissättningen bygger påTransfer pricing is becoming more and more important for multinational enterprises. In the beginning of 2010, the European Court of Justice passed an important judgment in case C-311/08 SGI in which the belgian transfer pricing rules were scrutinize, and the ruling should also be of importance to other member states. One purpose of this master thesis is to examine the implications this has on the
Biodiversity, and in particular plant species diversity decline is linked to landscape fragmentation and habitats loss due to land use transformations but also to decreasing dispersal vectors in the landscape. During the last 200 years the landscape has undergone dramatic changes in its structure and its habitats diversity. Among the different habitats that constitute rural landscape there are thr
Det är viktigt att det i ett land finns rättssäkerhetsgarantier. För svensk del är Europeiska konventionen angående skydd för de mänskliga rättigheterna och de grundläggande friheterna en väldigt viktig utgångspunkt. I min framställning har jag studerat vilka krav konventionen ställer på rätten till en domstolsprövning och en rättssäker process, art 6 i Europakonventionen. Med dessa krav i bakhuvuLegal certainty is important in every country. For the Swedish part the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms is a very important starting point and framework. In my presentation, I have studied the requirements that the Convention imposes on the access to court and the entitlement to a fair and public hearing, art 6 of the Convention. With these requirements in mind, I look
Ten per cent of the population in the western world suffer from osteoarthritis – a widespread endemic disease that is estimated to cost the Swedish society equivalent to two per cent of the Swedish GNP annually, corresponding to over 50 billion SEK in 2009 in treatments and lost productivity. With an increasing aging population the incidence of osteoarthritis is expected to be further enhanced. In
Artikel 101.1 fastställer att avtal eller samordnade förfaranden som har till syfte eller resultat att hindra, begränsa eller snedvrida konkurrensen är förbjudna. På 1960-talet kom två kända avgöranden från EU-domstolen, STM och Consten Grundig, vilka anses ha lagt grunden för bedömningen av artikel 101.1. Genom avgöranden klargjorde domstolen artikelns omfattning och tillämpning. I avgörandena koArticle 101.1 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union provides that all agreements between undertakings or concerted practices, which have as their object or effect the prevention, restriction or distortion of competition, are prohibited. In 1960 the Court of Justice gave its judgment in STM and Consten Grundig, two decisions which are regarded to have laid the foundation for the as
This thesis examines how the right of free movement and the borders are perceived and practiced by Europeans, and how they affect the everyday lives of Europeans in the context of the current refugee crisis and Paris attacks. It claims that EU, EEA, CH and the Schengen area constitute a cultural construction within Europe based on inclusion and exclusion, belonging and citizenship. The freedom of
En sammanvägning av regelverken avseende upphandling och beskattning som en icke-filippinsk leverantör har att beakta vittnar om en stark vilja att främja den inhemska filippinska produktionen och materielförsörjningen. Verkligheten ser dock annorlunda ut. Den filippinska marknaden klarar inte av att tillgodose landets försvarsmakts materielbehov och politiska beslut har öppnat upp marknaden för uA comprehensive study of the legislation concerning procurement and taxa-tion regarding a non-Philippine supplier indicates a strong desire to promote the national Philippine defence production and supply of defence materiel. The reality, on the other hand, is somehow different. The Philippine market does not have the strength to meet the demands of the armed forces and political decisions have be
Den engelska professorn och filosofen Roger Scruton har under ett långt akademiskt liv kritiserat samtiden på många olika sätt. Han är kritisk till det postmoderna samhället och filosofer som Focault, Derrida och Habermas. Han menar att den västerländska kulturen idag står under hot. Syftet med denna uppsats är därför att redogöra för och kritisk diskutera Scrutons analys och kritik av det västerlThe English professor and philosopher Roger Scruton has in a long academic life criticized contemporaries in many different ways. He is critical of the post-modern society and philosophers as Focault, Derrida and Habermas. He believes that Western culture today is under threat. The purpose of this bachelor's degree project is to describe and discuss critical Scrutons analysis and criticism of
Staling is the ageing of baked products, excluding microbial spoilage, and a great cause for consumer rejection. Due to its complexity, it is still not completely understood, however, the main causes are believed to be starch retrogradation, water redistribution and water loss. Scuffin is a baked product combining traits from both a muffin and a scone. The overall aim of this master thesis was to
