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There are currently no reliable biomarkers to predict clinical response to pharmacological treatments of depressive disorders. Peripheral blood 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; serotonin) has been suggested as a biomarker of antidepressant treatment response, but there has not been an attempt to systematically summarize and evaluate the scientific evidence of this hypothesis. In this systematic review w
Sleep concerns are common during pediatric cancer treatment and can last into survivorship. The current systematic review sought to identify intervention studies that addressed sleep as a primary or secondary outcome during pediatric cancer treatment up to 5 years after completing treatment. Quality assessment was rated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (
Type 2 diabetes and dementia are associated, but it is unclear whether the two diseases have common genetic risk markers that could partly explain their association. It is also unclear whether the association between the two diseases is of a causal nature. Furthermore, few studies on diabetes and dementia have validated dementia end-points with high diagnostic precision. We tested associations bet
Background and aims: Previous studies of primarily Western populations have consistently documented a lower risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) among people with a higher yogurt intake, but an inconsistent association with milk intake. However, little is known about the association between dairy intake and risk of T2D among Chinese adults who consume considerably less dairy (mainly milk and yogurt) co
Background: Immunohistochemical (IHC) PD-L1 expression is commonly employed as predictive biomarker for checkpoint inhibitors in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, IHC evaluation methods are non-uniform and further studies are needed to optimize clinical utility. Methods: We compared the concordance, prognostic value and gene expression between PD-L1 IHC expression by SP142 immune cell
Health-related quality of life (HRQL) is a multidimensional concept which captures the individual’s perception of treatment burden. Evaluating HRQL during treatment for childhood cancer provides insight into the burden of the treatment from the child’s and/or parent’s perspective.In this review, we aimed to describe Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) used to measure HRQL during treatment, d
Aim To investigate temporal trends in primary care visits, physiotherapy visits, dispensed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and opioids in knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients who have and have not undergone knee replacement. Methods We analysed 5665 OA patients from the Skåne Healthcare Register, Sweden, who underwent knee replacement between 2015 and 2019. Controls were OA patients wi
Background: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a common endocrine disorder. Definitive treatment is surgical. Preoperative localization of diseased glands increases the chance of successful treatment. The aim of this study is to investigate the diagnostic performance of 18F-fluoromethylcholine-positron emission tomography-computed tomography (18F-FCh-PET-CT) in preoperative localization of dise
Context. The third Gaia data release provides photometric time series covering 34 months for about 10 million stars. For many of those stars, a characterisation in Fourier space and their variability classification are also provided. This paper focuses on intermediate- to high-mass (IHM) main sequence pulsators (M'a ¥''1.3'M') of spectral types O, B, A, or F, known as β Cep, slowly pulsating B (SP
ObjectivesThe National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) is a predictor for the prognosis of acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) and its prediction is time-dependent. We examined the performance of NIHSS at different timepoints in predicting functional outcome of patients with thrombolysed AIS.MethodsThis prospective study included 269 patients with AIS treated with recombinant tissue plasminogen
Neophobia, or aversion to novelty, is important for adaptability and survival as it influences the ways in which animals navigate risk and interact with their environments. Across individuals, species and other taxonomic levels, neophobia is known to vary considerably, but our understanding of the wider ecological drivers of neophobia is hampered by a lack of comparative multispecies studies using
Background: The incidence of pancreatic cancer (PC) and autoimmune diseases (ADs) has been increasing worldwide. While certain associations between specific ADs, such as pancreatitis, and PC have long been well confirmed, population-focused research investigating the broader spectrum of ADs and their relationship with PC risk remains limited. Methods: We implemented a cohort study based on populat
Introduction: Anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) is primarily treated with chemoradiotherapy (CRT), but surgery can be curative following treatment failure. The treatment of ASCC was centralised in Sweden in 2017. This study aims to describe the characteristics and outcomes of surgery for ASCC nationally, focusing on short-term morbidity and mortality. Materials and Methods: All patients with ASC
Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae is the primary cause of hospitalized community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Mycoplasma pneumoniae, though typically causing mild respiratory disease, can lead to pneumonia requiring hospitalization in adults. This study compared patients hospitalized with CAP caused by M. pneumoniae or S. pneumoniae aiming at increasing the understanding of when to sample for and
This article is concerned with the tenure track (TT) model, which has become increasingly used to extend the period of early career academics’ probation from one to five years across the EU. This article focuses on the TT in Trinity College Dublin (TCD), the oldest and most prestigious university in Ireland, one where gender equality has been embedded more consistently and where the pace of change
Background: – The use of antibiotic-loaded bone cement (ALBC) in primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is debated. Some argue that ALBC might only be justified in high-risk patients. This study assessed the effectiveness of ALBC vs. plain bone cement (PBC) in reducing risk of revision for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) in TKA patients considered to have a high risk of infection.Methods: – Co
Background: A novel risk calculator based on clinical characteristics and noninvasive tests that predicts the onset of clinical sustained ventricular arrhythmias (VA) in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) has been proposed and validated by recent studies. It remains unknown whether programmed ventricular stimulation (PVS) provides additional prognostic value. Meth
BACKGROUND: The risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection among health care workers (HCWs) is a concern, but studies that conclusively determine whether HCWs are over-represented remain limited. Furthermore, methods used to confirm past infection vary and the immunological response after mild COVID-19 is still not well defined.METHOD: 314 HCWs were recruited from a Swedish Infectious Diseases clinic caring for
Background: Exposure to airborne particles has a major impact on global health. The probability of these particles to deposit in the respiratory tract during breathing is essential for their toxic effects. Observations have shown that there is a substantial variability in deposition between subjects, not only due to respiratory diseases, but also among individuals with healthy lungs. The factors d
