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A widespread network involving cortical and subcortical brain structures forms the neural substrate of human spatial navigation. Most studies investigating plasticity of this network have focused on the hippocampus. Here, we investigate age differences in cortical thickness changes evoked by four months of spatial navigation training in 91 men aged 20-30 or 60-70 years. Cortical thickness was auto
An extract of a culture of the fungus Galiella rufa yielded several new derivatives of pregaliellalactone (1) that were characterised by NMR and MS experiments. The tetraene 4 has been reported previously, but was in this investigation isolated in sufficient amounts for the determination of the configuration of the C-4/C-5 double bond which is Z, not E. The possibility that any of the new compound
Inland waters were recently recognized to be important sources of methane (CH4 ) and carbon dioxide (CO2 ) to the atmosphere, and including inland water emissions in large scale greenhouse gas (GHG) budgets may potentially offset the estimated carbon sink in many areas. However, the lack of GHG flux measurements and well-defined inland water areas for extrapolation, make the magnitude of the poten
A repeated pattern of background colour matching in animals is an indication that pigmentation may be cryptic. Here, we examine the relationship between pigmentation of the freshwater isopod Asellus aquaticus and background darkness in 29 lakes, wetlands and ponds in Southern Sweden. The results show that Asellus pigmentation was correlated with substrate darkness across all localities. In seven l
The use of celestial or geomagnetic orientation cues can lead migratory birds along different migration routes during the migratory journeys, e.g. great circle routes (approximate), geographic or magnetic loxodromes. Orientation cage experiments have indicated that migrating birds are capable of detecting magnetic compass information at high northern latitudes even at very steep angles of inclinat
Polymorphisms in genes that encode for metabolic enzymes have been associated with variations in enzyme activity between individuals. Such variations could be associated with differences in individual exposure to carcinogens that are metabolized by these genes. In this study, we examine the association between polymorphisms in several metabolic genes and the consumption of tobacco in a large sampl
Prevotella bivia has been associated with female upper genital tract infections and an increased risk of preterm delivery. In this study, the adherence and invasion capacity of P. bivia was investigated using a cervix epithelial cell line. P. bivia was furthermore analysed for its ability to evoke a proinflammatory cytokine response in epithelial cells. The invasion capacity, defined as the number
Objective-Treatment strategies for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) are based on the TNM classification. Biological markers that can predict the response to therapy have so far not been introduced. The objective of this study was to investigate cyclin D1 deregulation relative to sensitivity to cisplatin. Material and Methods-This was a laboratory study of 23 established Univers
The synthesis and characterization of the title trisphenolate ligand are described. From its reaction with manganese(iii) three complexes were isolated. The crystal structures revealed one pentacoordinate monomer and two similar dimers with different solvents of crystallization. In the dimers the metal ions are hexacoordinate and connected through bridging of two phenolates. A combination of elect
To investigate whether recurrent purulent otitis media results in permanent hearing loss, we studied 2 subgroups of children from a cohort, earlier prospectively followed from birth to the age of 3 years. One subgroup had recurrent acute otitis media (n = 12). and the other had no acute otitis media at all ("healthy" children; n = 21). At follow-up of these subgroups at the age of 10. no child had
Total and 0.2 M HCl-soluble concentrations of 44 mineral elements were studied in four profiles (0-110 cm) of a Haplic Podzol, developed from a 13,000-14,000-year-old quartzite-gneiss moraine deposit in south Sweden. Depending on element and soil fraction of the element considered, concentration maxima occurred in different horizons in the soil. The E horizon was impoverished in HCl-soluble fracti
OBJECTIVE: The tyrosine kinase receptor Axl is expressed in the vasculature and Gas6 is the ligand. The extracellular part of Axl (sAxl) can be found in circulation. The aim of this study was to determine plasma concentrations of Gas6 and sAxl in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) and to evaluate if Gas6 and sAxl can be used as biomarkers. DESIGN AND METHODS: Immunoassays for sAxl and
This study analysed how the ISO 9000 framework could be employed in the construction process. Interviews were conducted at twelve companies in Sweden that utilized the quality system standard ISO 9001. Many of the concepts contained in the quality system standard were experienced as being too abstract and too difficult to comprehend. Frequently quality mangement was considered as serving the funct
Metazoan species, from sponges to insects and mammals, possess successful defence systems against their pathogens and parasites. The evolutionary origins of these diverse systems are beginning to be more comprehensively investigated and mapped out. We have collected 1811 metazoan immunity genes from literature and gene ontology annotations. Tentative orthologs of these genes were identified using
Purpose: To study early signs of neuronal and glial differentiation in the human embryonic retina. Materials and Methods: 6.5-to 8-week-old human embryos were obtained from elective abortions. The neuroretinas were kept in culture as full-thickness sheets for 7-42 days. Results: The control retinas consisted of a neuroblast cell layer and a thin marginal zone. Most explants displayed presence of r
A rare lethal autosomal recessive syndrome with skeletal dysplasia, polycystic kidneys and multiple malformations was first described by Gillessen-Kaesbach et al and subsequently by Nishimura et al. The skeletal features uniformly comprise a round pelvis, mesomelic shortening of the upper limbs and defective ossification of the cervical spine. We studied two unrelated families including three affe
Functional coagulation analyses like Sonoclot and thromboelastography have not been evaluated during perioperative autotransfusion. We have prospectively studied three different transfusion regimes in 45 patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty. Blood losses were replaced either with heterologous erythrocyte concentrate (group I), intra- and postoperative autotransfusion of blood salvaged with c
