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BACKGROUND: The shortage of trained surgeons, anesthesiologists, and obstetricians is a major contributor to the unmet need for surgical care in low- and middle-income countries, and the shortage is aggravated by migration to higher-income countries.METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional observational study, combining individual-level data of 43,621 physicians from the Health Professions Council
Popular Abstract in Swedish Främmande arter är sådana som introducerats med människans hjälp till områden de inte kan sprida sig till på egen hand. Om en introducerad art är framgångsrik och lyckas etablera och sprida sig i mottagarregionen kan den påverka de inhemska arterna genom predation, konkurrens, hybridisering, parasitism och förändring av habitat. Eftersom arterna i mottagarområdet inte hWe live in a globalised world where people and goods travel large distances. Various species are brought along on these journeys, intentionally or as hitchhikers. Some of these species establish populations in regions to which they could not have spread without human assistance, and where they are considered to be non indigenous species (NIS). These species can affect the ecosystem in the recipien
Computational models are employed as tools to investigate possible mechano-regulation pathways for tissue differentiation and bone healing. However, current models do not account for the uncertainty in input parameters, and often include assumptions about parameter values that are not yet established. The aim was to clarify the importance of the assumed tissue material properties in a computationa
At the first Nordic meeting for linguists with a research interest in reading and writing, held in Løgumkloster, Denmark, in 1987, we reported on a longitudinal study we had just started. The aim of the study was to find out which kind of linguistic disabilities are the most damaging for the development of reading and writing (Magnusson & Nauclér 1990 a, b). When reading is looked upon as a li
Background: An adequate future liver remnant (FLR) is fundamental for major liver resections. To achieve sufficient FLR, portal vein embolization (PVE) may be used. The most effective material for PVE has yet to be determined. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in FLR growth between n-butyl-cyanoacrylate glue (NBCA) and microparticles. Material/methodsa: retrospective study w
Background Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is sensitive in detecting lung function impairment. In small studies, impaired IOS relates better to respiratory symptoms than spirometry. We studied how IOS related to spirometry and respiratory symptoms in a large population of individuals (n=10 360) in a cross-sectional analysis. Methods Normal values for IOS and spirometry were defined in healthy, never-sm
OBJECTIVES: Early diagnosis of critical congenital heart defects (CCHD) improves survival. We evaluated the relative contributions of prenatal ultrasound, neonatal pulse oximetry screening (POS), and neonatal physical examination (NPE) to the early detection (before discharge) of CCHD in the context of increasing prenatal detection, and POS being a national standard since 2013. METHODS: Retrospect
Objectives: Substantial levels of residual renal clearance and urine output may occur in patients treated with hemodialysis or hemodiafiltration. However, the relationships among residual renal urea, creatinine, and phosphate clearances, respectively, and between clearances and urine volume have not been well described. Methods: We performed a prospective, cross-sectional study which enrolled hemo
Context. The third Gaia data release provides photometric time series covering 34 months for about 10 million stars. For many of those stars, a characterisation in Fourier space and their variability classification are also provided. This paper focuses on intermediate- to high-mass (IHM) main sequence pulsators (M'a ¥''1.3'M') of spectral types O, B, A, or F, known as β Cep, slowly pulsating B (SP
We studied the impact of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) based on either creatinine or cystatin C, or in combination, on vascular aging (aortic stiffness) and central hemodynamics (central systolic blood pressure) in a Swedish urban population with median 17 years of follow-up. Participants (n = 5049) from the population-based Malmö Diet and Cancer Study that underwent baseline examina
Aim The aim was to assess the use of multi-frequency vibrometry (MFV) in detecting diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in type 1 diabetes in comparison to nerve conduction studies (NCS) and neurothesiometer (NT). Our objectives were to examine how VPTs correlated with NCS parameters, evaluate the efficacy of MFV in distinguishing DPN as well as to investigate whether MFV procedure could be based
Purpose: Meticulous manual delineations of the prostate and the surrounding organs at risk are necessary for prostate cancer radiation therapy to avoid side effects to the latter. This process is time consuming and hampered by inter- and intraobserver variability, all of which could be alleviated by artificial intelligence (AI). This study aimed to evaluate the performance of AI compared with manu
Background: This meta-analysis investigated the effects of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols compared to conventional care on postoperative outcomes in patients aged 70 years or older undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy (PD). Methods: Five databases were systematically searched. Comparative studies with available individual patient data (IPD) were included. The main outcomes were posto
This thesis examines how active power control (Volt-Watt control) and reactive power compensation (Volt-VAr control) can help limit voltage increases on the low voltage grid due to high photovoltaic (PV), installations. Due to the large increase in interest to install small scale PV-systems within residential areas the Distribution System Operator E.ON, has noticed problems concerning high voltage
Like many waterfowl and wader species, Kentish Plovers Charadrius alexandrinus of both the north-west European and Wadden Sea populations perform a post-breeding moult before migrating to their southerly wintering grounds. They make use of specific moulting sites, e.g. in the Dutch Delta area, on Fanø in the Danish Wadden Sea and on the sandbars off St. Peter-Ording in the German Wadden Sea. In or
Arbetstillfredsställelse har under lång tid varit ett omtalat ämne inom forskning och det har visat sig att arbetstillfredsställelse korrelerar med många olika konstrukt, såsom self-efficacy, socialt stöd och stress. Studiens syfte var att undersöka hur mycket self-efficacy, upplevelsen av socialt stöd och stress tillsammans predicerade arbetande personers arbetstillfredsställelse. Syftet var ävenJob satisfaction has long been a popular topic in previous research and it has been shown that job satisfaction correlates with many different constructs such as self- efficacy, social support and stress. Therefore, the study aimed at examine how much employees’ self-efficacy, experience of social support and stress together predicted job satisfaction. The aim was also to examine whether self-effi
The Vision Zero was initiated in 1997 with the aim that no loss of life or seriously injured are acceptable in the transportation system. To improve the traffic safety the National road administration in Sweden, Trafikverket, has defined two areas with considerable potential to change the traffic safety situation and reduce number of people killed in traffic. These are lower “average speed” and hi
With estuarine bacterioplankton as a key player in the nutrient cycle and the amount of DOC transported to sea increasing, it is important to gain a better understanding of how the processes within the catchment and estuary control the degradation of DOC by bacterial communities. Future climate change scenarios add a new dimension to this question, with predicted precipitation increases translatin
