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In this work the steady and unsteady flamelet models have been applied to soot formation in laminar and turbulent diffusion flames. The aim was to study how different model parameters affect soot formation in diffusion flames. It was shown that certain assumptions are more crucial in laminar diffusion flames than in turbulent ones. The soot formation in turbulent diffusion flames is more sensitive
Popular Abstract in Swedish Den här avhandlingen är ett bidrag till utvecklingen av en metodik som gör det möjligt att med hjälp av fossila pollen d.v.s. pollen som lagrats i mossar och sjöar, rekonstruera historiska och förhistoriska landskap så precist som möjligt vad gäller utbredning av skog, olika typer av öppen mark samt vegetationens sammansättning. Den tolknings metodik som för närvarande Fossil pollen records retrieved from peat and lake sediments have great potential for quantifying past plant cover. This thesis is a contribution to the development of a palynological interpretation tool for reconstructing past cultural landscapes in terms of plant abundance and distribution. The aims of this thesis are (1) to explore pollen-vegetation relationships in the ancient, traditional cul
An association between the intake of heterocyclic amines (HAs) and the development of cancer has been observed in some epidemiological studies, while in other studies no such correlation has been found. HAs are mutagenic/carcinogenic compounds formed at low levels via the Maillard reaction and a free radical mechanism during cooking of animal tissue. The addition of pure antioxidants or foods cont
The coronary arteries of the isolated rabbit heart were perfused with different contrast media (CM). The effects on cardiac contractile force (CF) from enriching iohexol solutions with sodium, calcium, potassium, magnesium and oxygen were investigated. The effects were studied during normal and reduced perfusion pressure; the latter was intended to simulate flow conditions distal to proximal steno
Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen består av tre delar. Den första, Från utbildningsmarknad till of-fentlig utbildning. Svensk flickskola 1874-1962, behandlar dels integrationen av flickornas sekundärutbildning i den offentliga utbildningsorganisationen, dels förstärkningen respektive försvagningen av denna speciellt genuskodade utbild-ning. Sekundärutbildningen har varit könssegregerad och The thesis is divided into three sections. The first, “From an education market to public education. The Swedish girls’ school 1874-1962”, deals with the integration of girls’ secondary education into the public education system, as well as with the strengthening and weakening of this special, gender-coded education. Secondary education was gender segregated and integration involved a process of s
A carbohydrate binding module, CBM4-2, derived front the xylanase (Xyn 10A) of Rhodothermus marinus has been used as a scaffold for molecular diversification. Its binding specificity has been evolved to recognise a quite different target, a human monoclonal IgG4. In order to understand the basis for this drastic change in specificity we have further investigated the target recognition of the IgG4-
Objectives. To determine the utility of single-stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis for mutation screening in the BTK (Bruton's tyrosine kinase) gene, we investigated 56 X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) families. To obtain genotype/ phenotype correlations, predicted protein aberrations were correlated with the clinical course of the disease. Patients. This study included 56 patients
Allelopathy, the release of extracellular compounds that inhibit the growth of other microorganisms, may be one factor contributing to the formation and/or maintenance of cyanobacterial blooms. We investigated the allelopathic effects of three cyanobacterial species (Nodularia spumigena, Aphanizomenon flos-aquae and Anabaena lemmermannii) that frequently form mass-occurrences in the Baltic Sea. We
The possibility of using high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) to modify the physico-chemical properties of dietary fibre polysaccharides in white cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) was studied. Two cultivars (Heckla and Predikant) were subjected to high pressure treatment (400 and 500 MPa) at different temperatures (20, 50 and 80 °C). The total dietary fibre (TDF) content was only slightly affec
Popular Abstract in Swedish Aktivitet och förmågan att kunna utföra olika dagliga sysslor är central för människan och har stor betydelse för upplevelse av hälsa. I samband med sjukdom eller skada kan förmågan till aktivitet förändras, och komplexiteten i de dagliga sysslorna blir tydlig. Systemisk skleros (sklerodermi) är en ovanlig bindvävsjukdom, som karakteriseras av förändring av immunförsvarSystemic sclerosis (scleroderma) is a connective tissue disease which, in various ways, influences an individual’s ability to participate in everyday occupations. The general objective of this work was to elucidate the consequences of scleroderma with respect to hand function, everyday occupations and wellbeing, in order to provide a knowledge base suitable for occupational therapy interventions.
Popular Abstract in Swedish Tyfoidfeber är en sjukdom som orsakas av bakterien Salmonella typhi. Denna bakterie, som sprids via vatten eller föda, orsakar buksmärtor, feber och illamående. Om infektionen inte behandlas med antibiotika, kan bakterien sprida sig till blodet och leda till döden. Årligen rapporteras 16 miljoner fall av salmonella i världen och av dessa får ungefär 600 000 dödlig utgånThis study investigates the interaction between dendritic cells (DC) and the Gram negative intracellular bacterium Salmonella typhimurium. Using in vitro and in vivo approaches, the capacity of DC to directly and indirectly present antigens from Salmonella-infected cells, cytokine production by infected DC, and activation of bacteria-specific T cells was analyzed. These studies revealed differenti
Popular Abstract in Swedish I centrum för avhandlingen står det fotografiska porträttet. Min utgångspunkt har varit att kombinera olika teorier om kön med intresset för fotografi. Syftet har varit att visa hur fotografiska porträtt under perioden 1850-1910 i olika sociala och kulturella relationer medverkade till att formulera skilda bilder av vad en kvinna var. För att kunna göra det jämför jag f"Visiting Reality: Photography and Gender at the End of the Nineteenth Century" In the centre of the dissertation stands the photographic portrait. My point of departure has been to combine different theories of gender with an interest in photography. The aim has been to show how, during the period of 1850 to 1910, photographic portraits in different social and cultural relations contributed to f
Background Anastomotic leak is one of the most serious complications following bariatric laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB), and associated with high morbidity rates and prolonged hospital stay. Timely management is of utmost importance for the clinical outcome. This study evaluated the approach to suspected leakage in a high-volume bariatric surgery unit. Methods All consecutive
Popular Abstract in Swedish POPULÄRVETENSKAPLIG SAMMANFATTNING (Popularized summary in Swedish) Alkohol inta's för sina effekter på hjärnan och ger upphov till välbehagskänslor och berusning. Alkoholmissbruk är dock skadligt för hjärncellerna. När alkoholmissbruket dessutom är för långvarigt, uppstår förändringar i hjärnan, som avser att kompensera för alkoholeffekten, vilket medför att alkohol m
Popular Abstract in Swedish I Fornstora dagar, moderna tider är perspektivet vidare än i traditionellt historiografiska studier. De bruk och debatter som analyseras begränsas inte till de historievetenskapliga historieprodukterna. Studien visar att kring sekelskiftet 1900 dominerade det nationalistiska historiebruket. Under mellankrigstiden var såväl traditionella som moderna perspektiv väl represThe aim of the study is to investigate uses of and debates on Swedish history during a period of 100 years. The perspective is broader than the traditional study of history, since it supplements the search for new facts, contexts and interpretations by which meaning is ascribed the the past by different producers and consumers of history in society. The dominating use of history around 1900 was id
Popular Abstract in Chinese 北极和亚北极地区对全球气候变化影响尤为重要。目前，北极地区正面临着变暖速度高于全球平均的现状。全球大约有50%的土壤碳储存在高纬度地区的土壤里，这些土壤碳主要分布于冻土层和泥炭层中。冻土层的解冻会使原先被冻结的土壤碳加速分解，产生温室气体，从而对全球变暖形成一个强烈的正反馈。与此同时，气温的增加可能会很大程度地影响植被在这些地区的生长和分布。动态生态系统模型是一种非常强大的工具，被用来研究气候变化对生态系统的影响，并且可以量化生态系统对大气的反馈信息。然而这些模型通常只关注大气、地表植被和土壤之间的水和碳的纵向转移，从而忽略了其在模型空间单元中的横向移动。这样可能会导致模型对于水和碳平衡的计算不够准确和全面，尤其在气候敏感的高纬度极地地区，这种偏差可能会更大。 本论文旨在解决动态生态系统模型中的这个局限性问题。基于目前最先进的动态生态The Arctic and Subarctic regions are of particular importance to the global climate change and are now experiencing a climate warming that is higher than the global average. Around 50% of the global soil carbon is stored in high latitude soils, especially in permafrost and peatland soils. Permafrost thawing, speeding up the decomposition of previously frozen soil carbon, is expected to result in s
The aims of this study have been focused on the identification of cell surface structures involved in the induction and regulation of apoptosis. Monoclonal antibodies against the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) were shown to induce apoptosis when cross-linked on the cell surface of different malignant cells having a pre-B or a myeloid precursor phenotype. The apoptotic response wa
Background: Low birth weight (LBW) is an important risk factor for childhood morbidity and mortality, consequently an important public health concern. Aim: This study aims to identify significant socio-economic and nutritional determinants associated with LBW in India. Materials and Methods: Data from 2005 to 2006 National Family Health Survey-3 (NFHS-3) of India was analyzed. A total of 20,946 wo
