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Aim To describe the relative impact on survival of the delay from estimated time of collapse to call for an ambulance among patients who suffer from a bystander witnessed out of hospital cardiac arrest of a cardiac aetiology. Methods A majority of all ambulance organizations in Sweden (covering 85% of Sweden inhabitants) participate in a National survey of out of hospital cardiac arrest. Results I
Popular Abstract in Swedish Framställningen är kronologiskt upplagd och uppdelad i två steg. Första delen av studien behandlar perioden från 1948-1961 och synar Kjell Espmarks envetna strävan efter en självständig poetik från gymnasieskriverierna fram till och med de tre första diktsamlingarna, Mordet på Benjamin (1956), Världen genom kameraögat (1958) och Mikrokosmos (1961). Därefter kartläggs deSince his1956 début Kjell Espmark (b. 1930) has played a seminal part in Swedish post-War literature as both a poet and a novelist, and as an academic. To this date Espmark has written a dozen books of poetry, several novels, and has published highly influential works on Modernist poetry. Espmark's poetry is generically heterogeneous, and although Espmark's first collections of poetry were publish
Background: Gadolinium contrast media (Gd-CM) are regarded as non-nephrotoxic or considerably less nephrotoxic than iodine contrast media (I-CM), and have therefore come to be used as a substitute for I-CM in patients with renal insufficiency in a variety of radiographic examinations. Purpose: To investigate renal histomorphological changes caused by Gd-CM in comparison with I-CM after renal X-ra
We conducted a first pilot study on healthy women living in two countries with different dietary habits, Granada in the south of Spain and Malmo in the south of Sweden, in order to compare their levels of plasma phospholipid fatty acids, and to examine the relationship between the differences in food consumption. This study is part of a pilot study which is nested in the European Prospective Inves
Background. The aims of the present study were to (1) analyze preoperative predictors for outcome suggested by Hardman and surgical mortality after open repair and endovascular repair (EVAR) of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (rAAA), and (2) further evaluate the Hardman index in a systematic review. Methods. Patients operated on for rAAA during a 5-year period between 2000 and 2004 were scored
Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen utgångspunkt tas från den senmesolitiska boplatsen vid Motala ström, Motala stad, Östergötland, Sverige. Problematiken som diskuteras i texten utgår från frågeställningarna vad som formade de materiella uttrycken under en 500-årig tidsperiod, 5500-5000 f.Kr, dokumenterade genom arkeologiska undersökningar. Texten i avhandlingen är i analysen strukturerad i This dissertation focuses on the Strandvägen site located in the town of Motala, Östergötland, Sweden. The problem concerns what shaped the material expressions on the site during 5500?5000 B.C. For reasons of text structure the space outside the settlement site (the home) is divided into the world, the district, and the neighbourhood. These spatial concepts are finally brought together in the syn
To elucidate the nature of the acid sites of the V2O5(WO3)/TiO2 catalyst upon K2O addition and its relation to the selective reduction of NO with NH3, measurements were made by means of infrared and Raman spectroscopy, NH3 chemisorption, and NO reduction measurements as a function of the K2O loading. The catalytic activity was found to decrease rapidly with the K2O loading, irrespective of the sim
Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen handlar om naturföreställningar i resereklam och bland re-senärer. Syftet var att analysera hur natur framställs i reklambilder för resor, vad reklamens framställning av natur har för betydelse för vad resenärer vill uppleva och upplever i samband med sin resa samt med vilka argument och bilder resenären själv väljer att återskapa upplevelserna av sin resa It is commonly believed that we live in a culture that is increasingly permeated by visual images. One category of images that we encounter everyday in different media, and that constitutes a large and growing part of media content, is advertisements. Advertisements also have a specific purpose and the images represent, make meaning of, and convey sentiments about phenomena. In this dissertation,
Background. Artificial neural networks have successfully been applied for automated interpretation of myocardial perfusion images. So far the networks have used data from the myocardial perfusion images only. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the automated interpretation of myocardial perfusion images with the use of artificial neural networks was improved if clinical data were
Background. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in use of antenatal care in a multi-ethnic population in Malmo, Sweden, over a 4-year period. Age, parity, cohabiting status, use of an interpreter, and tobacco-use were examined to assess the potential effects of confounding factors. Methods. A 4-year (2000-2003) retrospective community-based register study was performed. Low-risk s
In this study of the transfer function of copies of the Vienna-type differential mobility analyser (DMA) it was found that three, supposedly identical, DMAs exhibited distinct differences with respect to the width of the transfer function. This means that the transfer function of a DMA needs to be determined on an individual basis in order to obtain accurate results from DMA measurements. The size
Popular Abstract in Swedish Arcanobacterium haemolyticum (A. haemolyticum) beskrevs för första gången under namnet Corynebacterim haemolyticum av MacLean och medarbetare 1946. Bakterien odlades fram från svalget hos patienter med halsont och från sår. Patienterna bestod av amerikanska soldater och infödda öbor i Stilla havet. Från olika delar av världen har senare beskrivits halsont och utslag hos
Popular Abstract in Swedish Det svenska samhället har förändrats mycket genom invandring under de senaste årtiondena. Många barn i Sverige har idag ett annat modersmål än svenska. De flesta barn tillägnar sig svenska utan problem, medan så inte är fallet för vissa barn. Dessa skillnader har diskuterats, och olika förklaringar till detta har framhållits, till exempel bristfällig exponering för svenThe aim of this thesis was to provide both epidemiological and linguistic data on bilingual children with language impairment (LI), since few data on this group exist. Data from 438 bilingual and monolingual children, referred over a period of 12 months, were compared in the first epidemiological study. The results showed that the bilingual children with suspected LI were referred significantly l
Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling är uppbyggd kring fyra artiklar som berör reglering av gener i B-celler. B-cellerna är en viktig del av vårt immunförsvar, de sköter produktionen av antikroppar som hjälper till att skydda våra slemhinnor och vårt inre från sjukdomsframkallande bakterier och virus. Kroppens försvar mot sådana patogener består av flera delar, inklusive vår hud och våra sEach Ig V-region has its own upstream promoter and the promoter of a mature Ig gene is thereby selected during the V(D)J recombination process. Upon comparison, it is evident that only one transcription factor binding site, the octamer, is preserved within all promoters. The octamer motif and the binding Oct-proteins are crucial for Ig promoter function, but not sufficient for a high level of tran
The concept of marriage as a union of a man and a woman was fundamentally challenged by the introduction of registered partnership in Denmark in 1989. Odd Couples is the first comprehensive history of registered partnership and gay marriage in Scandinavia. It traces the origins of laws which initially were extremely controversial—inside and outside the gay community—but have now gained broad popul
Popular Abstract in Swedish För att kunna förstå och bedöma exponeringen av kemikalier i miljön, i det här fallet PolyBromeradeDiphenylEtrar (PBDEer), behövs kunskap om källor och flöden från teknosfären till ekosystemen. PBDEer är bromerade flamskyddsmedel som bl a sätts till olika plastmaterial i elektronikanvändning för att förhindra brand. Det används globalt i miljontals kilo och presenteras I have studied the sources, long range transport, and rates of flow of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), from the technosphere to the Baltic ecosystems. PBDEs are mainly used in polymers, which are applied in electrical equipment to prevent overheating or flashover and are produced in large quantities. PBDEs have become widely spread in the environment, where they are able to accumulate in b
Popular Abstract in Swedish Allt liv på jorden bygger på fotosyntesen. Det är den process där växterna fångar upp solljuset och gör om det till kemisk energi. Med den energin producerar de syret i luften och kolhydrater för sin egen tillväxt, med kol från luftens koldioxid. Djuren äter kolhydraterna och förbränner dem med hjälp av luftens syre, samtidigt som de andas ut koldioxid. På detta sätt leIn this work the lateral heterogeneity of the thylakoid membrane was investigated by quantifying the amount of photosystem I (PSI), photosystem II (PSII) and some PSII complexes and PSII proteins in different domains of the thylakoid. Grana, grana core, grana margins and stroma lamellae + end fractions were obtained by sonication and separation in a non-detergent, aqueous polymer two-phase system
In the search for new pharmaceutically active compounds, it is recognized that Nature produces structurally different compounds in a great variety. By having the compounds or extracts tested in defined systems, new drugs or more often leads (a compound that has an interesting but moderate activity) can be found. When a lead is found, structurally similar compounds with modified functional groups a
The fermentation of lignocellulose hydrolysates by Saccharomyces cerevisiae for ethanol production was investigated. An important problem for the successful conversion of these hydrolysates is that they often are inhibitory. The physiological effect of the furan inhibitors 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) and furfural were therefore studied, and based on the results novel strains were constructed. A
