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BackgroundWorldwide, an estimated 5 billion people lack access to safe, affordable surgical care when needed. This leads to millions of avertable deaths and unnecessary morbidity each year. To change this situation, urgent action is needed at many levels, but indicators and data have been lacking to guide improvement.AimsThe aim of this thesis was to describe and evaluate measurement of surgical p
Recognizing that two elements within a sequence of variable length depend on each other is a key ability in understanding the structure of language and music. Perception of such interdependencies has previously been documented in chimpanzees in the visual domain and in human infants and common squirrel monkeys with auditory playback experiments, but it remains unclear whether it typifies primates
To elucidate further the role, in normal development and in disease pathogenesis, of TFAP2B, a transcription factor expressed in neuroectoderm, we studied eight patients with Char syndrome and their families. Four novel mutations were identified, three residing in the basic domain, which is responsible for DNA binding, and a fourth affecting a conserved PY motif in the transactivation domain. Func
We used the Swedish Family-Cancer Database to examine the time trends of lung cancer in Sweden by histological type, with special reference to gender. A total of 45,297 lung cancer cases were analysed. The overall age-adjusted incidence rates of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in men peaked in the 1980s and then slightly decreased, while corresponding rates in women increased steadily. The incidence
Phospholipid vesicles and supported bilayers have emerged as a promising platform for the development of biorecognition devices. To expand the capabilities of such biochips, it becomes desirable to direct and control the assembly of lipid structures into more sophisticated architectures. As one step toward this goal, we demonstrate the photoregulated desorption of a new class of polymer from lipid
Objective: To assess the value and adverse effects of an ultrasound -guided renal biopsy technique in women with normal and pathotogic pregnancies. Method: Biopsy samples were taken from 36 women with hypertensive disease (28 with pre-eclampsia) and 18 healthy pregnant women using a thin needle and an ultrasound -guided biopsy device. Results: Gtomerutar endotheliosis, a structural change typical
Copolymerization of N-acryloyl-m-aminophenylboronic acid (NAAPBA) with acrylamide (AAm) on the surface of glass plates resulted in the formation of a hydrogel film with porous structure and capable of optical response to the changes in concentration of glucose in the contacting solution. The boronate specific dye, Alizarin Red S (ARS) was incorporated into hydrogel film to increase the sensitivity
The purpose of the present study was to compare symptom load in youth groups treated with three Swedish Blueprint programmes - Functional Family Therapy (FFT), Multisystemic Therapy (MST) and Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care (MTFC) - to see if symptom load matches the intensity of the treatment model as expected. These youth groups were also compared with in- and outpatients from child and a
Parks, remnants of natural habitats and other green areas are important for preserving biodiversity in urban areas. Here, we investigate the relative importance of habitat type and connectivity for butterfly species richness in the city of Malmo, Sweden. Further, we compare species richness and composition in the urban habitats with that in the surrounding agricultural landscape using previously p
Vegetated roofs are becoming a trend in urban design, among others as a tool for city greening, mitigating urban heat island effect, and lowering urban storm runoff. Additionally, pollutant removal within vegetated roofs is often expected; however, it is commonly riot a design feature. This study investigated influence on runoff water quality from two fullscale vegetated roofs (an intensive from J
This study aimed at describing environmental barriers in housing and functional limitations among older community-living people in Sweden, to provide knowledge of housing accessibility problems from a longitudinal perspective, and to shed some light on older people's subjective reflections on housing. Along with a study-specific questionnaire on subjective reflections on housing, the Housing Enabl
The effect of some environmentally relevant factors including salinity, pH, and humic acids on the availability of bisphenol A (BPA) was evaluated by using the negligible-depletion solid-phase microextraction (nd-SPME) biomimetic method. With the variation of salinity (0-500 mM NaCl) and pH (5.0-8.5) of aqueous solutions, the partition coefficients of BPA between the nd-SPME fiber and the aqueous
The steady-state model PROFILE was used to perform Monte Carlo simulations of critical loads of acidity and exceedances of forest soils for 128 sites in the province of Scania, southern Sweden. Statistical tests showed that 100 sites had normal distributed critical loads and exceedances and that the variance of these parameters was statistically equal for all sites. Pooled estimates df the standar
The paper presents results on the use of NOAA AVHRR data for desertification monitoring on a regional-global level. It is based on processing of the GIMMS 8 km global NDVI data set. Time series of annually integrated and standardized annual NDVI anomalies were generated and compared with a corresponding rainfall data set (1981-2003). The regions studied include the Mediterranean basin, the Sahel f
Conditioning lesions of peripheral nerves improve axonal regeneration after injury and involve changes in expression of proteins required for axonal growth. Integrin alpha7beta1 expression in motor and sensory neurons increases following nerve lesions and motor axon regeneration is impaired in alpha7 integrin KO mice (J. Neurosci. 20, 1822-1830). To investigate the role of alpha7beta1 integrin in
Kraft black liquor lignin is a biofuel that is separated from the cellulose during kraft pulping. Improved technology and energy integration in paper mills have led to an energy surplus at many mills. It is therefore of great interest to extract the lignin from the pulp mill and sell it as fuel to replace fossil fuel in other furnaces. The fractionation of kraft black liquor with a total dry matte
An assessment of nutrient sustainability has been done for stands of European beech, Sycamore maple, European oak, Norway spruce, Larch, Grandis fir and Douglas fir at Bjornstorp Estate in southern Sweden. To estimate the nutrient sustainability, mass balance was calculated with respect to Ca, Mg, K, N and P. The release from mineral weathering was calculated using the PROFILE model. The leaching
The duration of P fertiliser in acid forest soil was investigated in a Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.) forest in southcentral Sweden. The fertilisation of the soil started in 1967, but no P has been applied since 1988. The N fertilisation is still continuing. Totally, 300 kg P per hectare, as superphosphate, and/or 1090 kg N per hectare, as ammonium nitrate, was applied. Concentrations of both
Ever since the first three-dimensional computer graphics appeared half a century ago, the goal has been to model and simulate how light interacts with materials and objects to form an image. The ultimate goal is photorealistic rendering, where the created images reach a level of accuracy that makes them indistinguishable from photographs of the real world. There are many applications ñ visualizati
