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In contemporary times, there is an increasing trend of democratic backsliding, with illiberal actors seeking to infiltrate democracies and dismantle their principles to establish an illiberal order. Within the EU, Hungary under Viktor Orbán and Fidesz has exemplified this trend, challenging not only Hungarian democracy but also the Union's democratic values. As the EU is founded on democratic
The control of large and complex systems is a difficult but important topic. In applications, centralized control, in which all measurements about a system are used to compute control actions, is often preferable, since it allows for a better overview of the system and more precise control. However, in large networks, where the complexity of implementing a centralized controller becomes too diffic
The following thesis is an attempt to analyse the concept of narrative in and around retellings of the events surrounding Czechoslovakia during the First World War and how they are subsequently depicted. This is done by primarily looking at three primary source materials: in English Czech historiography from the past 20 years, an autobiography from WWI and a modern video game on the same subject.
The invasive oomycete pathogen Aphanomyces astaci significantly threatens native European crayfish populations, prompting investigations towards the effects of protective immunostimulation on the immune response of the vulnerable noble crayfish (Astacus astacus). Here, we evaluate the effect of three oomycete-derived immunostimulant treatments: laminarin (β-1,3-glucan found within the Ap. astaci c
This thesis investigates the legal professionals in Spain during the transitional period from the ancien régime to the liberal state, a period marked by institutional rupture, ideological conflict, and social reconfiguration. The study has the primary aim to understand how the legal professionals contributed, perceived, and resisted the extensive legal changes that took place approximately two cen
The goal of this thesis project was to develop an energy surveillance system for the Swedish production industry. The main problem this project sought to solve is that several Swedish industries are currently only able to measure the energy consumption of their entire facilities, as one big black box. They cannot determine the energy consumption of the individual machines within each and every pro
Purpose: In an explorative manner this thesis aims to research how the content of CEO-statement affects non-professional investors’ opinion of a company’s prospects. Methodology: This study is to be considered a qualitative study based on an inductive orientation regarding the role of theory. A cross-sectional design has been followed for the gathering of empirical data. Semi-structured interview
BACKGROUND Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare haematological disease characterised by chronic haemolysis, pancytopenia and venous thrombosis. The condition is attributable to a lack of control of complement attack on erythrocytes, thrombocytes and leukocytes, and can be diagnosed by means of flow cytometry. In this quality assurance study, we have reviewed information from the me
BACKGROUND: The escalating global epidemic of obesity is of worldwide concern because of its association with several chronic diseases and premature mortality. Some subgroups seem to be more affected than others. The aim of this study was to examine whether the mean BMI (adjusted for age) and the prevalence of obesity (adjusted for all the explanatory variables) changed between 2000/01 and 2004/05
PURPOSE: To investigate the association between socioeconomic position and use of lipid-lowering drugs and ACE-inhibitors after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) when simultaneously considering participation in the national quality register RIKS-HIA (Register of Information and Knowledge about Swedish Heart Intensive care Admissions), age, sex and previous hospitalizations of the patients. METH
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The optimal position for pH electrode placement in the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the discriminatory power of targeted pH recording immediately above the squamocolumnar junction (SCJ) and to compare the results with those obtained by simultaneous recording at the conventional level for pH monitoring. SU
BACKGROUND:: Early-term birth (gestational age, 37-38 weeks) has been associated with increased infant mortality relative to later-term birth, but mortality beyond infancy has not been studied. We examined the association between early-term birth and mortality through young adulthood. METHODS:: We conducted a national cohort study of 679,981 singleton births in Sweden in 1973-1979, followed up for
Popular Abstract in Swedish Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning på svenska Denna avhandling handlar om kalretikulin (engelska: calreticulin; CRT), ett protein som bidrar till att andra protein får rätt struktur och som också är inblandat i en kvalitetskontroll av dessa. CRT ser också till att kalciumbalansen i cellen upprätthålls. Hur går detta då till och hur bidrar denna avhandling till att öka kCalreticulin (CRT) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-located protein involved in quality control of newly synthesized proteins as well as in calcium homeostasis of the cell. Most of what is known about CRT arises from studies of mammalian systems. However, using a Arabidopsis thaliana CRT gene expressed in mouse fibroblasts deficient of endogenous CRT, the wild type phenotype could be rescued with
Popular Abstract in Swedish Inom området diagnostisk nuklearmedicin används radioaktiva läkemedel som ges (administreras) till patienterna i syfte att diagnostisera ett antal olika sjukdomstillstånd. Då man tar fram nya radioaktiva läkemedel för användning inom diagnostisk nuklearmedicin handlar det många gånger om att uppskatta mängden av ett visst upptag av radiofarmakat i olika organ och vävnadAn essential part of the development of new radiopharmaceuticals for use in diagnostic nuclear medicine is the determination of its biokinetic properties. The uptake and turn-over of the radiopharmaceutical in the source organs is of great interest since this could determine whether the radiopharmaceutical would be suitable for clinical use or not. It is also important that the biokinetics and dos
Vocal learning is a critical behavioral substrate for spoken human language. It is a rare trait found in three distantly related groups of birds-songbirds, hummingbirds, and parrots. These avian groups have remarkably similar systems of cerebral vocal nuclei for the control of learned vocalizations that are not found in their more closely related vocal non-learning relatives. These findings led to
Ensuring energy security, eradicating energy poverty, and reducing GHG emissions from the energy sector are some of the key reasons why energy efficiency will be addressed in the Ukraine. The residential sector, being among the major energy consumers in the national economy, has a large energy saving potential. Multi-storey residential buildings currently require general refurbishment, and this fa
Basalcellscancer (BCC) är den vanligaste formen av hudcancer som enligt Socialstyrelsen drabbar omkring 50 000 svenskar varje år. Om en patient misstänks ha basalcellscancer måste man ta bort en bit av huden för att undersöka den i mikroskop. Om det visar sig efter undersökningen att det finns cancerceller kvar, måste man operera igen, vilket är obehagligt för patienten, kostsamt och förlänger vänBasal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common form of skin cancer with the current diagnostic procedures relying on surgical excisions and histopathological analyses. Incomplete removal of the tumor necessitates additional surgery, which is both costly and time-consuming, and causes unnecessary suffering for the patient. To address this, non-invasive diagnostic techniques capable of determining th
Deficiency in C1 inhibitor (C1INH, SERPING1) is canonically associated with hereditary angioedema (HAE-C1INH) but not thrombosis. To determine the thrombosis risk conferred by loss of C1INH in the general population, we studied genetically-defined C1INH deficiency across 635,823 participants. Functionally deleterious germline coding variation in SERPING1 was rare (~1:10,000), indicating strong gen
BACKGROUND: Catheterization of the vein is frequently a painful procedure. Assessing venous cannulation induced pain (VCP) before surgery have been used to predict the intensity of postoperative pain and postoperative opioid consumption. The aim of this study was to investigate the intra-individual variation in venous cannulation induced pain at three consecutive time points and factors influencin
BACKGROUND: Psychiatric patients may refer to concepts neither medically accepted nor easily understood to describe their experiences when seeking medical care. These concepts may lie outside the clinician's cultural references and consequently hinder the diagnostic consultation. In the fifth version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), the clinical instrument Cult
