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This thesis presents the study of a position-sensitive scintillation-based detector called the Solid-State Neutron Detector (SoNDe). SoNDe is being developed for cold- and thermal-neutron detection at the small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) instrument SKADI at the European Spallation Source (ESS), currently under construction in Lund, Sweden. The response of the detector scintillator, multi-anod

Plants release to the atmosphere reactive gases, so-called volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The release of VOCs from vegetation is temperature-dependent and controlled by vegetation composition because different plant species release a distinct blend of VOCs. We used modelling approaches on ecosystem VOC release data collected across the Arctic, which is experiencing both rapid warming and veget

Background: Monte Carlo simulations provide accurate models of nuclear medicine imaging systems as they can properly account for the full physics of photon transport. The accuracy of the model included in the maximum-likelihood–expectation-maximization (ML-EM) reconstruction limits the overall accuracy of the reconstruction results. In this paper, we present a Monte Carlo-based ML-EM reconstructio

Relative free energies for the binding of nine cyclic carboxylate ligands to the octa-acid deep-cavity host were calculated at the combined density-functional theory and molecular mechanics (DFT/MM) level of theory. The DFT calculations employed the BLYP functional and the 6-31G∗ basis set for the ligand. We employed free-energy perturbations (FEP) with the reference-potential approach and used m

Urbanisation is regarded as one of the most threatening global issues for wildlife, however, measuring its impact is not always straight forward. Oxidative stress physiology has been suggested to be a useful biomarker of health and therefore, a potentially important indicator of the impact that urban environmental stressors, especially air pollution, can have on wildlife. For example, nitrogen oxi

Tundra soils account for 50% of global stocks of soil organic carbon (SOC), and it is expected that the amplified climate warming in high latitude could cause loss of this SOC through decomposition. Decomposed SOC could become hydrologically accessible, which increase downstream dissolved organic carbon (DOC) export and subsequent carbon release to the atmosphere, constituting a positive feedback

Background: Fulminant myocarditis (FM) is a form of acute myocarditis characterized by severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction requiring inotropes and/or mechanical circulatory support. A single-center study found that a patient with FM had better outcomes than those with acute nonfulminant myocarditis (NFM) presenting with left ventricular systolic dysfunction, but otherwise hemodynamically

For me, life in this city begins and ends with artist-initiated networks, where energies and programmes are constantly opening and ending, keeping pace with the rate at which artist’s studios are closed and relocated. These networks establish where work is developed, shown, or both, and they affirm what is missing as much as what is made. The affective affinities that enable these associations als

Objectives Studies on health effects of tobacco often rely on self-reported exposure data, which is subjective and can lead to misclassification. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of cigarette smoking, snus and e-cigarette use, as well as to validate self-reported tobacco use among young adults in Sweden. Method Participants of a population-based Swedish cohort (n=3052), aged 22

While urbanization provides many opportunities to those arriving in thriving urban areas, a greater number of residents necessitates the expansion of housing and infrastructure. This is often achieved through densification, which can lead to increased noise, particularly through increased road traffic. A key challenge of promoting healthy urban planning is to understand potential health effects, e

A significant problem in diffusion MRI (dMRI) is the lack of understanding regarding which microstructural features account for the variability in the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters observed in meningioma tumors. A common assumption is that mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) from DTI are inversely proportional to cell density and proportional to tissue anisotropy, resp

Objectives To investigate the association of diabetes, hypertension and overweight/obesity with physical activity (PA), self-efficacy for pain and self-efficacy for other symptoms before and after a 6- week exercise and education intervention for knee and hip osteoarthritis (OA), and to assess outcome disparities based on metabolic health. Methods Register-based cohort study using the Swedish Oste

Purpose: Medical imaging is crucial in modern radiotherapy, aiding diagnosis, treatment planning, and monitoring. The development of synthetic imaging techniques, particularly synthetic computed tomography (sCT), continues to attract interest in radiotherapy. The SynthRAD2025 dataset and the accompanying SynthRAD2025 Grand Challenge aim to stimulate advancements in synthetic CT generation algorith

Purpose: Among visually Tau-PET-positive scans, large variation exists in the size of the visually tau-positive area. Here, we propose a metric quantifying the spatial extent of visual Tau-PET-positivity, termed “TAU-SPEX”, and evaluate associations with visual read status, neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) pathology at autopsy, and cognition. Methods: [18F]flortaucipir data from 1,645 participants (ag

Numerous studies have investigated microbial adaptation to increasing soil temperature, but limitations in experimental design hinder comprehensive understanding. These include short-term laboratory studies with constant environmental conditions and field studies with few distinct temperature treatments. Here, we utilized a long-term natural soil geothermal gradient in Aotearoa, New Zealand, rangi

Aims Academic journals are essential for advancing knowledge, yet gender disparities in orthopaedic authorship persist. While most previous studies focus authorship trends on mainly North American journals, this study analyzes gender distribution among primary and senior authors, along with the geographical origins of articles, in three orthopaedic journals based in Europe and North America. Metho

This study evaluates the performance and biofilm-mediated flux stabilization of a coupled up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor and gravity-driven membrane (GDM) system equipped with electrospun nanofiber membranes (ESN) for decentralized wastewater treatment. The system was operated under fully anaerobic conditions at 37 °C over three different hydraulic retention times (HRTs: 24, 16, a

In Sweden during the 1940s and 50s, many artistically ambitious filmmakers, like Arne Sucksdorff, Gösta Werner, and Peter Weiss, sought and gained financial aid from sponsors within the industry. Whereas many sponsored films document and communicate industrial processes, these films are more creatively oriented and experiment with film as an artistic expression. Although economic concerns undoubte

Attention Restoration Theory point to nature as a particularly good candidate for restoring the ability to focus and inhibit distractions. However, little effort has been directed to elaborating on what makes nature's visual pattern unique for restoration purposes. One suggested explanation is the fractal properties of natural patterns (Hagerhall, 2005). Both perception studies (Hagerhall et al.,

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide, although the mortality rates have decreased in the last decades. Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease, and treatment resistance is a significant clinical problem in spite of the overall high survival rates. Improved screening programs, novel surgical techniques, and adjuvant treatments have contributed to the improved survival, but