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I svensk straffrätt är alla medborgare föremål för åtal även om individen lider av en allvarlig psykisk störning. Åtalade som lider av en allvarlig psykisk störning kan få rättspsykiatrisk vård som påföljd. Rättspsykiatrisk vård är en tidsobestämd påföljd som inte kan kombineras med ett fängelsestraff. Vården kan förenas med en så kallad särskild utskrivningsprövning om det finns risk för att persIn Swedish penal law all defendants can be prosecuted even if they suffer from a serious mental disorder. These defendants can be sentenced to forensic psychiatric care for an indefinite time. In today’s system there are no possibilities to combine psychiatric care with prison as a penalty. The psychiatric care can be combined with a special discharge review that enables the convicted’s sentence t

Background: Dyspnea is a common and diagnostically challenging symptom in the emergency department (ED), particularly among older adults with multimorbidity. Traditional risk stratification tools often perform poorly in this population. Galectin-3 (Gal-3), a biomarker of inflammation and fibrosis, may reflect biological aging and resilience, potentially improving early mortality risk assessment.Ob

Purpose: To avoid over-treatment of prostate cancer patients following screening for elevated prostate-specific antigen levels, keeping patients on active surveillance has been suggested as an alternative to radical treatment. This means recurring visits for patients with low-grade cancer to monitor progression. Our aim was to develop an artificial intelligence-based model that can identify high-r

Purpose or ObjectiveTo evaluate two commercial, CE labeled deep learning-based models for automatic organs at risk segmentation on planning CT images for prostate cancer radiotherapy. Model evaluation was focused on assessing both geometrical metrics and evaluating a potential time saving.Material and MethodsThe evaluated models consisted of RayStation 10B Deep Learning Segmentation (RaySearch Lab

To accommodate surplus energy, the adipose tissue expands by increasing adipocyte size (hypertrophy) and number (hyperplasia). The presence of hypertrophic adipocytes is a key characteristic of adipose tissue dysfunction. High-fat diet (HFD) fed C57BL/6J mice are a commonly used model to study obesity and obesity-related complications. In the present study, we have characterized adipose plasticity

Background: SARS-CoV-2, the causal agent of COVID-19, enters human cells using the ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) protein as a receptor. ACE2 is thus key to the infection and treatment of the coronavirus. ACE2 is highly expressed in the heart and respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts, playing important regulatory roles in the cardiovascular and other biological systems. However, the gene

Synucleinopathies are neurodegenerative disorders characterized by intracellular protein aggregates, progressive neurodegeneration, and neuroinflammation. Alpha-synuclein (a-syn) is the principal component of intracellular aggregates and can be modified by several mutations and post-translational modifications (PTMs), which can alter the protein structure affecting its aggregation, toxicity, and a

Background: Home mechanical ventilation (HMV), noninvasive ventilation and invasive ventilation outside a hospital setting, is a key treatment to improve outcomes in chronic hypoventilation. Research Question: What are the temporal trends observed over 27 years in Sweden regarding the incidence, prevalence, diagnostic spectrum, and patient characteristics associated with HMV? Study Design and Meth

A comprehensive phylogeny of north European Geometridae is reconstructed using a two-step analytical pipeline. First, a phylogenomic backbone tree was inferred using a 117-species subset of geometrid moths and a 35-species set of outgroup taxa from eight other macroheteroceran families. The data matrix totalled 209,499 bp from 648 protein-coding loci obtained using anchored hybrid enrichment techn

Popular Abstract in Swedish Autoimmun diabetes karakteriseras av cell medierad autoimmunitet mot insulinproducerande beta celler i Langerhanska öar. Typ 1 diabetes är den största typen av diabetes i barn och ungdomar och antas vara orsakad av Th1-cell drivet angrepp av beta celler. Den betydligt vanligare typ 2 diabetes antas inte vara en autoimmun sjukdom men diabetes specifika autoantikroppar (IAutoimmune diabetes is characterized by cell mediated autoimmunity against insulin producing beta cells in pancreatic islets. Type 1 diabetes is the major cause of diabetes in children and adolescents and is believed to be mediated by a Thl driven destruction of beta cells. The much more prevalent type 2 diabetes is not considered as an autoimmune disease but diabetes specific autoantibodies (ICA

Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling undersöker dagvatten som en resurs i svensk urban miljö. Fokus har varit öppna dagvattensystem för flödeskontroll och uppsamlingssystem för regnvatten. För att analysera realiserandet av öppna dagvattensystem, presenteras två fallstudier; Augustenborg i Malmö och Bäckaslöv våtmark i Växjö. De kvarhållande och fördröjande effekterna som uppnås med gröna This thesis investigates the beneficial use of stormwater in Swedish urban environments. The focus has been on open stormwater systems for source control, as well as rainwater collection systems. To analyse the implementation of open stormwater systems, two case studies are presented: Augustenborg in Malmö and Bäckaslöv wetland in Växjö. The retention and detention effects of green-roofs have been

Popular Abstract in Swedish Blodet innehåller några av de mest grundläggande komponenterna för mänskligt liv. Med hjälp av hjärtats pumpkraft transporterar röda blodkroppar ut syre från lungorna till de mest avlägsna delarna av kroppen via gradvis tunnare blodkärl. Livshotande blödningar stoppas via blodplättarnas koagulerande förmåga och läkande egenskaper, medan de vita blodkropparna bekämpar inHematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are defined by their capacity to self-renew and differentiate into all hematopoietic cell lineages. Postnatally, HSCs reside predominantly in the bone marrow and are relatively rare, but important cells because of their therapeutic potential in bone marrow transplantation protocols and in their involvement in the origin of certain leukemias. To study how various gen

Popular Abstract in Swedish När vi tänker på skönlitteraturen får den gärna en drömmande klang som för tankarna till främmande platser långt borta från vardagen. Samtidigt kan skönlitteraturen måla upp slående bilder av världen och övertygande sätta in politiska och kulturella frågor i ett större meningsfullt sammanhang. Ingenstans blir detta tydligare än i Brands skönlitteratur. I det ungsocialisThis study delves into the relationship between fiction and politics, aesthetic and ethical messages conveyed by the fictions of Brand (Fire), the journal of the Young Socialist Association, founded as the Social Democratic Labour Party’s first youth association. The literary and aesthetic arena allowed many different kinds of ideas and thoughts to flourish, making Brand an important cultural pape

The physics program in Hall A at Jefferson Lab commenced in the summer of 1997 with a detailed investigation of the 16O(e,ep) reaction in quasielastic, constant (q,) kinematics at Q20.8 (GeV/c)2, q1 GeV/c, and 445 MeV. Use of a self-calibrating, self-normalizing, thin-film waterfall target enabled a systematically rigorous measurement. Five-fold differential cross-section data for the removal of p

Nucleotide metabolism and replication of nucleic acids are processes of fundamental importance. A crucial enzyme in nucleotide metabolism is dUTPase (E.C. 3.6.1.23), that catalyses the hydrolysis of dUTP to dUMP and pyrophosphate. The activity of the enzyme has influence on the outcome of DNA replication and complete loss of enzyme activity is lethal, while a decreased activity promotes increased

Popular Abstract in Swedish Helicobacter pylori är en Gramnegativ spiralformad human-specifik patogen med förmåga att penetrera magsäckens slemlager och kolonisera i epitelskiktet. H. pylori infektion betraktas som en högriskfaktor för utvecklandet av kronisk gastrit, magsår och ventrikelcancer. H. pylori har en komplex cellyta med ett flertal kolhydratbindande proteiner, sk. lektiner att interageHelicobacter pylori is a gastric pathogen colonising the gastric mucus layer and epithelium of gastric tissue and is associated with chronic type B gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. The attachment of H. pylori to gastric epithelial cells involves several structures recognised by specific bacterial surface proteins. Since colonisation is an initial and critical step in the development of a chroni

Popular Abstract in Swedish Enzymet magnesium-kelatas katalyserar bildandet av magnesium-protoporfyrin genom insättning av en magnesiumjon i protoporfyrin. Detta är det första unika steget i tillverkningen av klorofyll hos växter, alger och fotosyntetiska bakterier. Magnesium-kelatas består av tre proteiner som kallas I (vikt 40 kDa), D (70 kDa) och H (140 kDa). Det är viktigt att bestämma dessa pThe enzyme magnesium chelatase inserts magnesium into protoporphyrin IX (Proto) to produce to magnesium protoporphyrin IX, the first unique intermediate of the chlorophyll biosynthetic pathway. Magnesium chelatase is composed of three distinct proteins termed I (molecular weight ~40 kDa), D (~70 kDa) and H (~140 kDa). Defining the individual properties and structure of the magnesium chelatase comp

Detrital zircon age and Hf isotope patterns for the Cahill Formation and Nourlangie Schist are distinctly different from other Paleoproterozoic successions in the North Australian Craton. The Cahill Formation and Nourlangie Schist comprise the bulk of the Paleoproterozoic strata in the Nimbuwah Domain, the easternmost part of the Pine Creek Orogen on the northern margin of the North Australian Cra

Deoxyribonucleoside kinases (dNKs) carry out the rate-determining step in the nucleoside salvage pathway within all domains of life where the pathway is present, and, hence, are an indication on whether or not a species/genus retains the ability to salvage deoxyribonucleosides. Here, a phylogenetic tree is constructed for the thymidine kinase 2-like dNK gene family in metazoa. Each enzyme class (d

The Skellefte district, northern Sweden, is known for the occurrence of 1.89 Ga Palaeoproterozoic volcanogenic massive sulphide (VMS) deposits. The deposits are hosted by the older part of a volcanosedimentary succession, which was intruded at 1.88-1.86 Ga by multiple phases of the syn-volcanic, early orogenic Jorn intrusive complex (JIC). The oldest phase of the JIC hosts different styles of mine